-
IP addresses are NOT logged in this forum so there's no point asking. Please note that this forum is full of homophobes, racists, lunatics, schizophrenics & absolute nut jobs with a smattering of geniuses, Chinese chauvinists, Moderate Muslims and last but not least a couple of "know-it-alls" constantly sprouting their dubious wisdom. If you believe that content generated by unsavory characters might cause you offense PLEASE LEAVE NOW! Sammyboy Admin and Staff are not responsible for your hurt feelings should you choose to read any of the content here. The OTHER forum is HERE so please stop asking.
Chitchat Opium and China Military threads
- Thread starter democracy my butt
- Start date
Yemen, congo, syria. So many choices.but PLA wants the easy ones.
Japs already surrendered.
Dotard is ideal, already very close to death, and many idiot suckers still dream that USA was fucking strong. Minimum resources and efforts and price can take down USA, reset it's population to ZERO and rule the world nicely, dominating control over all resources.
Ironically in the entire world PLA is the ONLY SUCCESSFUL FORCE in dealing with Somalia and USA is the ugliest failure, since BLACK HAWKS DOWN. PLA ESCORTED all the world's merchant ships to pass Somalia safely for 10th anniversary already. Zero lost to piracy under PLA escort. But PLA are too civilized and kindhearted. Never level the pirates bases and inflict heavy death tolls. Too fucking peaceful = Chow CB!
No lah... Chinese scientists go back to China to MCGA....
Angmoh have to brains in high tech, low tech goes to angmoh...
Angmoh have to brains in high tech, low tech goes to angmoh...
NEWS HOME
Chinese Navy ship seen carrying an apparent railgun capable of firing hypersonic projectiles
BY ALAN WEEDONUPDATED 29 MINUTES AGO
Email Facebook Twitter WhatsApp
PHOTO
The gun on the bow is claimed to be a prototype railgun.
HAOHAN-RED SHARK VIA STORYFUL
A Chinese naval warship has been pictured out at sea carrying what appears to be an electromagnetic railgun.
Key points:
View image on Twitter
Xiani P.Ch. 鄭夏霓@Xiani_PCh
https://twitter.com/Xiani_PCh/status/1010831710420807681
US intel says #China to have railgun-armed ships by 2025 http://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/21689/u-s-intel-says-china-to-have-railgun-armed-ships-by-2025 …
11
6:27 PM - Jun 24, 2018
20 people are talking about this
Twitter Ads info and privacy
Compared to conventional artillery that uses gunpowder to fire projectiles — a practice that has been in wide use since the 1500s — a railgun uses a high-powered electric circuit to shoot a projectile along magnetic rails, firing at hypersonic speeds of Mach 5 or higher (five times the speed of sound).
While the US has been pursuing its railgun capability since 2005, China has seemingly taken the front foot, with anonymous sources confirming the existence of the weapon in 2011 to CNBC.
Since then, Chinese media has been incrementally filing news reports on the development on the technology, with the Global Times reporting in March that Zhang Xiao, an associate research fellow at the People's Liberation Army's (PLA) University of Engineering announced her research team was responsible for the "largest repeating power supply system in the world".
The sighting, which comes as China marks the 70th anniversary of the Chinese Navy in 2019, appears to pre-date US intelligence estimates that Chinese railguns would arrive by 2025.
Railguns to usher in naval 'hemispheric battle space'
Dr Malcolm Davis, a senior analyst at the Australian Strategic Policy Institute, told the ABC the technology would usher in a "hemispheric battle space".
"This would see belligerents able to strike at each other at distances ranging in the hundreds of kilometres", Dr Davis said.
"If you think back to the World War II battle between the German battleship Bismarck and HMS Hood, the latter sunk within minutes because the Germans struck near ammunition magazines," he said.
The development of the technology from various powers has been slow, given the incredibly large currents required to power railguns — about one million amps— and the practical implications this has on barrel design.
Previous US railgun tests saw barrels melt during firing, and current research has revolved around cooling the rails to maintain high energy per shot.
'Americans aren't going slow'
Space to play or pause, M to mute, left and right arrows to seek, up and down arrows for volume.
VIDEO 0:36
Previous US tests have seen railgun mounts melt after projectiles were fired.
ABC NEWS
In the years since 2011, Chinese researchers have been testing the weapon at greater distances.
A US intelligence report found that China's weapon would be able to strike 200 kilometres away with a projectile velocity of 2.5 kilometres per second (9,000kph — greater than Mach 7).
While US developments remain classified, the US Office of Naval Research (ONR) gave BAE systems $48.3 million to test phase 2 of their railgun program in 2013.
This phase will usher in the development of a multiple-shot railgun, alongside the development of a Hyper Velocity Projectile (HVP) that would see missiles fire at hypersonic speeds — technology that Russian President Vladimir Putin claimed Russia had successfully tested in December.
Speaking to website Task & Purpose, the US Strategic Capabilities Office's (SCO) spokesperson Chris Sherwood said that the railgun was not high on the agenda.
"SCO shifted the project's focus to conventional powder guns, facilitating a faster transition of HVP technology to the warfighter," he said.
"The Americans certainly aren't going slow. They've realised they've lagged behind Russia and China and are racing to catch up," Dr Davis said.
"What's happened in the past is that the US has years of research and development, but due to funding cuts, a decade of research goes dead in the water."
Advanced technology part of Xi's 2025 plan
PHOTO China's move into advanced manufacturing has other countries spooked.
REUTERS: BOBBY YIP
China is no stranger to experiments in electromagnetic technology, having created one of the world's first highways lined with solar-powered material to re-charge vehicles in transit.
People's Daily, China
✔@PDChina
https://twitter.com/PDChina/status/946300912506617856
The world’s first solar highway on Thursday opened to the public in eastern China's Shandong. The 2-kilometer-long road can convert sunlight into electricity and directly transfer it to the power grid. The highway can also charge electric vehicles.
1,592
4:44 PM - Dec 28, 2017
1,075 people are talking about this
Twitter Ads info and privacy
This forms part of a broader Beijing strategy to move China away from being just a producer of everyday goods into one of advanced manufacturing, with about $US300 billion invested in the "Made in China 2025" plan.
The country already produces many of the world's smartphones, and as its economic weight shifts toward domestic consumption, its push to spearheading technological advances follows in the footsteps of previous superpowers such as the US and Britain.
What also comes with being a superpower is the ability to project hard power across the globe, which China has not shied away from.
The Chinese foreign ministry and the Chinese Consulate have been contacted for comment.
POSTED YESTERDAY AT 6:30PM
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Russia tests new hypersonic glide missile that travels 'at 20 times speed of sound'
This is what happened when a Chinese warship encountered the Royal Australian Navy off Darwin
US Navy keeps electromagnetic railgun in its sights
Top Stories
Chinese Navy ship seen carrying an apparent railgun capable of firing hypersonic projectiles
BY ALAN WEEDONUPDATED 29 MINUTES AGO
Email Facebook Twitter WhatsApp
PHOTO
The gun on the bow is claimed to be a prototype railgun.
HAOHAN-RED SHARK VIA STORYFUL
A Chinese naval warship has been pictured out at sea carrying what appears to be an electromagnetic railgun.
Key points:
- Railguns use enormous electric currents to shoot projectiles from tracks at great speed
- China's first railgun was revealed in 2011, and has been since tested for more range
- The US has been slow to develop the technology since initial research in 2005
View image on Twitter
Xiani P.Ch. 鄭夏霓@Xiani_PCh
https://twitter.com/Xiani_PCh/status/1010831710420807681
US intel says #China to have railgun-armed ships by 2025 http://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/21689/u-s-intel-says-china-to-have-railgun-armed-ships-by-2025 …
11
6:27 PM - Jun 24, 2018
20 people are talking about this
Twitter Ads info and privacy
Compared to conventional artillery that uses gunpowder to fire projectiles — a practice that has been in wide use since the 1500s — a railgun uses a high-powered electric circuit to shoot a projectile along magnetic rails, firing at hypersonic speeds of Mach 5 or higher (five times the speed of sound).
While the US has been pursuing its railgun capability since 2005, China has seemingly taken the front foot, with anonymous sources confirming the existence of the weapon in 2011 to CNBC.
Since then, Chinese media has been incrementally filing news reports on the development on the technology, with the Global Times reporting in March that Zhang Xiao, an associate research fellow at the People's Liberation Army's (PLA) University of Engineering announced her research team was responsible for the "largest repeating power supply system in the world".
The sighting, which comes as China marks the 70th anniversary of the Chinese Navy in 2019, appears to pre-date US intelligence estimates that Chinese railguns would arrive by 2025.
Railguns to usher in naval 'hemispheric battle space'
Dr Malcolm Davis, a senior analyst at the Australian Strategic Policy Institute, told the ABC the technology would usher in a "hemispheric battle space".
"This would see belligerents able to strike at each other at distances ranging in the hundreds of kilometres", Dr Davis said.
"This would fundamentally change the nature of engagements as you could have adversaries being able to make precise strikes from afar for much less money."
Compared to conventional naval artillery, the railgun does not fire explosives in the round, making warships a touch safer for those onboard, and naval artillery cheaper to acquire for militaries."If you think back to the World War II battle between the German battleship Bismarck and HMS Hood, the latter sunk within minutes because the Germans struck near ammunition magazines," he said.
The development of the technology from various powers has been slow, given the incredibly large currents required to power railguns — about one million amps— and the practical implications this has on barrel design.
Previous US railgun tests saw barrels melt during firing, and current research has revolved around cooling the rails to maintain high energy per shot.
'Americans aren't going slow'
Space to play or pause, M to mute, left and right arrows to seek, up and down arrows for volume.
VIDEO 0:36
Previous US tests have seen railgun mounts melt after projectiles were fired.
ABC NEWS
In the years since 2011, Chinese researchers have been testing the weapon at greater distances.
A US intelligence report found that China's weapon would be able to strike 200 kilometres away with a projectile velocity of 2.5 kilometres per second (9,000kph — greater than Mach 7).
While US developments remain classified, the US Office of Naval Research (ONR) gave BAE systems $48.3 million to test phase 2 of their railgun program in 2013.
This phase will usher in the development of a multiple-shot railgun, alongside the development of a Hyper Velocity Projectile (HVP) that would see missiles fire at hypersonic speeds — technology that Russian President Vladimir Putin claimed Russia had successfully tested in December.
Speaking to website Task & Purpose, the US Strategic Capabilities Office's (SCO) spokesperson Chris Sherwood said that the railgun was not high on the agenda.
"SCO shifted the project's focus to conventional powder guns, facilitating a faster transition of HVP technology to the warfighter," he said.
"Our priority continues to be the HVP, which is reflected in the program's budget."
The US thus far has spent around $710.5 million on the railgun program, but experts fear it will languish as research weight pulls toward HVPs."The Americans certainly aren't going slow. They've realised they've lagged behind Russia and China and are racing to catch up," Dr Davis said.
"What's happened in the past is that the US has years of research and development, but due to funding cuts, a decade of research goes dead in the water."
Advanced technology part of Xi's 2025 plan
PHOTO China's move into advanced manufacturing has other countries spooked.
REUTERS: BOBBY YIP
China is no stranger to experiments in electromagnetic technology, having created one of the world's first highways lined with solar-powered material to re-charge vehicles in transit.
People's Daily, China
✔@PDChina
https://twitter.com/PDChina/status/946300912506617856
The world’s first solar highway on Thursday opened to the public in eastern China's Shandong. The 2-kilometer-long road can convert sunlight into electricity and directly transfer it to the power grid. The highway can also charge electric vehicles.
1,592
4:44 PM - Dec 28, 2017
1,075 people are talking about this
Twitter Ads info and privacy
This forms part of a broader Beijing strategy to move China away from being just a producer of everyday goods into one of advanced manufacturing, with about $US300 billion invested in the "Made in China 2025" plan.
The country already produces many of the world's smartphones, and as its economic weight shifts toward domestic consumption, its push to spearheading technological advances follows in the footsteps of previous superpowers such as the US and Britain.
What also comes with being a superpower is the ability to project hard power across the globe, which China has not shied away from.
"The rapid growth of the PLA Navy could easily take over the US Navy in the Asia-Pacific, if not comparable, by the 2030s," Dr Davis said.
"So the 2020s presents a real risk of a US-China military clash, seeing as Xi Jinping has said he will not tolerate Taiwanese independence, and they're not willing to let go of the South China Sea — which is fundamentally at odds with what the US wants."The Chinese foreign ministry and the Chinese Consulate have been contacted for comment.
POSTED YESTERDAY AT 6:30PM
SHARE
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RELATED
Russia tests new hypersonic glide missile that travels 'at 20 times speed of sound'
This is what happened when a Chinese warship encountered the Royal Australian Navy off Darwin
US Navy keeps electromagnetic railgun in its sights
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Sink two aircraft carriers’: Chinese Admiral’s chilling recipe to dominate the South China Sea
JANUARY 2, 201910:17am
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Chinese Military Might
Jamie Seidel
News Corp Australia Network
They’re the pride of the US fleet: enormous 100,000 tonne, 333m long nuclear-powered aircraft carriers. But Beijing thinks they’re Washington’s achilles heel.
Rear Admiral Lou Yuan has told an audience in Shenzhen that the ongoing disputes over the ownership of the East and South China Seas could be resolved by sinking two US super carriers.
Taiwan’s Central News Agency (CNA) reports Admiral Lou gave a wide-ranging speech on the state of Sino-US relations. The high-profile, hawkish military commentator reportedly declared the current trade spat was “definitely not simply friction over economics and trade,” but was instead a “prime strategic issue”.
RELATED: China’s island fortresses ‘impossible’ to defeat
His speech, delivered on December 20 to the 2018 Military Industry List summit, declared that China’s new and highly capable anti-ship ballistic and cruise missiles were more than capable of hitting US carriers, despite them being at the centre of a ‘bubble’ of defensive escorts.
“What the United States fears the most is taking casualties,” Admiral Lou declared.
He said the loss of one super carrier would cost the US the lives of 5000 service men and women. Sinking two would double that toll.
“We’ll see how frightened America is.”
The Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS Harry S. Truman is silhouetted during a sunset. The ability of such ships to survive a modern battlefield is being questioned. Picture: USNSource:Supplied
FIGHTING WORDS
Rear Admiral Lou Yuan is deputy head of the Chinese Academy of Military Sciences.
In his speech, he said there were ‘five cornerstones of the United States’ open to exploitation: their military, their money, their talent, their voting system — and their fear of adversaries.
Admiral Lou, who holds an academic military rank — not a service role — said China should “use its strength to attack the enemy’s shortcomings. Attack wherever the enemy is afraid of being hit. Wherever the enemy is weak …”
It’s not the controversial commentator’s first aggressive outburst.
And its part of a steadily escalating war of words between the two nations.
Earlier in December, the Chinese state-run Global Times published the views of a panel of such ‘military commentators’concerning Beijing’s sovereignty claims over Taiwan and the East and South China Seas.
“If the US naval fleet dares to stop in Taiwan, it is time for the People’s Liberation Army to deploy troops to promote national unity on (invade) the island,” Admiral Lou said.
Chinese troops engage in mock combat. Beijing has increasingly been suggesting it is open to the idea of invading Taiwan. Picture: PLASource:Supplied
“Achieving China’s complete unity is a necessary requirement. The achievement of the past 40 years of reform and opening-up has given us the capability and confidence to safeguard our sovereignty. Those who are trying to stir up trouble in the South China Sea and Taiwan should be careful about their future.”
SPECIAL REPORT: China’s exploding military might
It was just one of a string of similarly hawkish views.
“The PLA is capable of taking over Taiwan within 100 hours with only a few dozen casualties,” said retired lieutenant general Wang Hongguang. “2018 is a year of turmoil for Taiwan, and a possible military conflict may take place in Taiwan soon. (But) As long as the US doesn’t attack China-built islands and reefs in the South China Sea, no war will take place in the area.”
Beijing has annexed several reefs in the South China Sea, engaging in an enormous geo-engineering project to build artificial islands upon which it has placed heavily fortified airfields and ports.
The aircraft carrier USS George Washington (CVN 73) in the western Pacific Ocean. The US has been sending these enormous symbols of power into the South and East China Sea to challenge Beijing’ unlawful claims. Picture: USNSource:Supplied
STEEL DINOSAURS?
The United States’ enormous aircraft carriers are considered the centrepieces of its navy and highly visible embodiments of that nation’s power.
At $US8.5 billion ($A12 billion) each, they’re also a huge economic investment.
And questions have been growing over their continued relevance to modern warfare.
As with the ‘gunboat diplomacy’ of huge armoured and heavily gunned battleships before World War II, some military analysts technological advances have made these ships obsolete.
Once, aircraft carriers were able to project military might (through their aircraft) while unseen and outside the reach of defences.
Now, with modern satellite and over-the-horizon radar systems, they can no longer rely upon being unseen. And land-based missiles potentially out-reach their aircraft — forcing carriers to move into ‘danger zones’ before they can be effective.
SPECIAL REPORT: How hypersonic weapons will change warfare forever
But heavily networked radars, decoys and antimissile systems aboard the aircraft carriers themselves and their escorts are believed capable of warding off attacks from current-generation missiles.
However, both China and Russia have claimed they are rapidly bringing into service a new generation of hypersonic weapons which simply move too fast to counteract.
China's aircraft carrier Liaoning, with a close escort of two destroyers. Such mobile airfields would be well positioned to reinforce Beijing's 'unsinkable' island airfields if the need arises. Picture: PLASource:Supplied
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China has won the South China Sea
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News Limited Copyright © 2019. All times AEDT (GMT +11).
JANUARY 2, 201910:17am
Play Video
Play
0:00
/
0:57
Loaded: 0%
Progress: 0%
Fullscreen
Chinese Military Might
Jamie Seidel
News Corp Australia Network
They’re the pride of the US fleet: enormous 100,000 tonne, 333m long nuclear-powered aircraft carriers. But Beijing thinks they’re Washington’s achilles heel.
Rear Admiral Lou Yuan has told an audience in Shenzhen that the ongoing disputes over the ownership of the East and South China Seas could be resolved by sinking two US super carriers.
Taiwan’s Central News Agency (CNA) reports Admiral Lou gave a wide-ranging speech on the state of Sino-US relations. The high-profile, hawkish military commentator reportedly declared the current trade spat was “definitely not simply friction over economics and trade,” but was instead a “prime strategic issue”.
RELATED: China’s island fortresses ‘impossible’ to defeat
His speech, delivered on December 20 to the 2018 Military Industry List summit, declared that China’s new and highly capable anti-ship ballistic and cruise missiles were more than capable of hitting US carriers, despite them being at the centre of a ‘bubble’ of defensive escorts.
“What the United States fears the most is taking casualties,” Admiral Lou declared.
He said the loss of one super carrier would cost the US the lives of 5000 service men and women. Sinking two would double that toll.
“We’ll see how frightened America is.”
The Nimitz-class aircraft carrier USS Harry S. Truman is silhouetted during a sunset. The ability of such ships to survive a modern battlefield is being questioned. Picture: USNSource:Supplied
FIGHTING WORDS
Rear Admiral Lou Yuan is deputy head of the Chinese Academy of Military Sciences.
In his speech, he said there were ‘five cornerstones of the United States’ open to exploitation: their military, their money, their talent, their voting system — and their fear of adversaries.
Admiral Lou, who holds an academic military rank — not a service role — said China should “use its strength to attack the enemy’s shortcomings. Attack wherever the enemy is afraid of being hit. Wherever the enemy is weak …”
It’s not the controversial commentator’s first aggressive outburst.
And its part of a steadily escalating war of words between the two nations.
Earlier in December, the Chinese state-run Global Times published the views of a panel of such ‘military commentators’concerning Beijing’s sovereignty claims over Taiwan and the East and South China Seas.
“If the US naval fleet dares to stop in Taiwan, it is time for the People’s Liberation Army to deploy troops to promote national unity on (invade) the island,” Admiral Lou said.
Chinese troops engage in mock combat. Beijing has increasingly been suggesting it is open to the idea of invading Taiwan. Picture: PLASource:Supplied
“Achieving China’s complete unity is a necessary requirement. The achievement of the past 40 years of reform and opening-up has given us the capability and confidence to safeguard our sovereignty. Those who are trying to stir up trouble in the South China Sea and Taiwan should be careful about their future.”
SPECIAL REPORT: China’s exploding military might
It was just one of a string of similarly hawkish views.
“The PLA is capable of taking over Taiwan within 100 hours with only a few dozen casualties,” said retired lieutenant general Wang Hongguang. “2018 is a year of turmoil for Taiwan, and a possible military conflict may take place in Taiwan soon. (But) As long as the US doesn’t attack China-built islands and reefs in the South China Sea, no war will take place in the area.”
Beijing has annexed several reefs in the South China Sea, engaging in an enormous geo-engineering project to build artificial islands upon which it has placed heavily fortified airfields and ports.
The aircraft carrier USS George Washington (CVN 73) in the western Pacific Ocean. The US has been sending these enormous symbols of power into the South and East China Sea to challenge Beijing’ unlawful claims. Picture: USNSource:Supplied
STEEL DINOSAURS?
The United States’ enormous aircraft carriers are considered the centrepieces of its navy and highly visible embodiments of that nation’s power.
At $US8.5 billion ($A12 billion) each, they’re also a huge economic investment.
And questions have been growing over their continued relevance to modern warfare.
As with the ‘gunboat diplomacy’ of huge armoured and heavily gunned battleships before World War II, some military analysts technological advances have made these ships obsolete.
Once, aircraft carriers were able to project military might (through their aircraft) while unseen and outside the reach of defences.
Now, with modern satellite and over-the-horizon radar systems, they can no longer rely upon being unseen. And land-based missiles potentially out-reach their aircraft — forcing carriers to move into ‘danger zones’ before they can be effective.
SPECIAL REPORT: How hypersonic weapons will change warfare forever
But heavily networked radars, decoys and antimissile systems aboard the aircraft carriers themselves and their escorts are believed capable of warding off attacks from current-generation missiles.
However, both China and Russia have claimed they are rapidly bringing into service a new generation of hypersonic weapons which simply move too fast to counteract.
China's aircraft carrier Liaoning, with a close escort of two destroyers. Such mobile airfields would be well positioned to reinforce Beijing's 'unsinkable' island airfields if the need arises. Picture: PLASource:Supplied
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China has won the South China Sea
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read next
First thing to do when a fever strikes
Fever isn't unusual but can be worrying if you don't know when to call the doctor
SPONSORED CONTENT
China reveals new superweapon
China has beaten the world creating a new superweapon capable of firing at hypersonic speeds on a warship. Now it’s been spotted at sea.
MILITARY
Military slammed over ‘grotesque’ tweet
The internet has lost it over a bizarre, controversial US military tweet to welcome in the new year — which has now been deleted.
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Putin pulls iron curtain on missiles
Russian President Vladimir Putin declared his new hypersonic super-weapon was “invincible”. But he’s jailed its inventors.
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Russia tests scary new invisible nuke
Vladimir Putin has hailed the test of a new nuclear weapons delivery system he calls a guidable “fireball” that’s impossible to intercept.
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China’s worrying new weapon
While our backs were turned, China quietly installed a sophisticated new network of devices in the South China Sea.
ONLINE
Did Trump just privatise war?
The day Donald Trump decreed he would pull US troops out of Syria and Afghanistan, controversial US mercenary group made a scary threat.
MILITARY
Global panic after Trump’s surprise move
America’s biggest allies and adversaries are terrified, calling the move “a dangerous signal” likely to bring chaos, disorder and increased violence.
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Russia’s plot for a real cold war
Moscow is ramping up its claims to the rapidly melting Arctic, with a major military exercise involving ships, tanks and aircraft.
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News Limited Copyright © 2019. All times AEDT (GMT +11).
And if 'Murican want to parade 4 carriers there,
4 fucking carriers will be hit and burning
The carriers and Burkes and Ticos can run but cannot hide.
If Chinese satellite can track a moving rocket and follow it on video , keeping it smoothly in center of view, how difficult will it be to track and follow moving US carriers in Pacific?
Tracking by radar is even easier than tracking with video.
And relay telemetry and information to drones and AShMs and DFs?
China not only has many satellites above, very high flying drones at 25,000 meters are also flying. And the sea floor strewn with acoustic sonars. Those are supposed to be listen to fishes . But I can imagine that they are listening to submarines and to turning of big big blades of ships, and carriers.
And the supercomputers of China will not be catching Pokemon monsters or mining Bitcoins. All the signals from satellites and drones and acoustic sonars will be integrated to form a very coherent real time knowledge where what carriers are and their supporting ships and where they are heading and what speed they are going at.
And relay telemetry and information to drones and AShMs and DFs?
3000++ Mach 3-4 AShMs and 200++ DFs
and CM-401s will carry the good news to keep the 'Muricans on their ships forever young.
Chaoxun-1 (CX-1)
The CX-1 is a supersonic anti-ship cruise missile (ASCM) that can travel up to Mach 2.8-3 at an altitude of 17,000 m (56,000 ft). It travels along a low-high-low flight profile and has a range of 40–280 km (25–174 mi; 22–151 nmi) using a two-stage booster, descending to 10 meters above the water when 10 km (6.2 mi; 5.4 nmi) from the target. The 260 kg (570 lb) warhead has a 20 m (66 ft) circular error probability (CEP)
YJ-12 (CM-302)
The Chinese YJ-12E, also known as CM-302, is a supersonic, anti-ship, cruise missile developed by China Aerospace Science and Industry Corp (CASIC). The CM-302 missile has a maximum range of 290 kilometers carrying a 250 kg warhead with a kill probability of 90 percent. The missile is an export version of the YJ-12 missile and was unveiled at the Zuhai Air Show in November 2016.
4 fucking carriers will be hit and burning
The carriers and Burkes and Ticos can run but cannot hide.
Truly god view, Jilin-1 video satellite shot @OneSpace01 OS-X1 suborbital rocket's launch at JSLC this noon.
If Chinese satellite can track a moving rocket and follow it on video , keeping it smoothly in center of view, how difficult will it be to track and follow moving US carriers in Pacific?
Tracking by radar is even easier than tracking with video.
And relay telemetry and information to drones and AShMs and DFs?
China not only has many satellites above, very high flying drones at 25,000 meters are also flying. And the sea floor strewn with acoustic sonars. Those are supposed to be listen to fishes . But I can imagine that they are listening to submarines and to turning of big big blades of ships, and carriers.
And the supercomputers of China will not be catching Pokemon monsters or mining Bitcoins. All the signals from satellites and drones and acoustic sonars will be integrated to form a very coherent real time knowledge where what carriers are and their supporting ships and where they are heading and what speed they are going at.
And relay telemetry and information to drones and AShMs and DFs?
10,000 Divine Eagle L-band T/R module interferometer / 1,200 F-35 X-band T/R module AESA radar = Eight times greater sensitivity based on module count
Why does China’s Divine Eagle UAV have a maximum altitude of 79,000 feet?
According to Popular Science, China’s Divine Eagle UAV has a maximum altitude of 25km (or 79,000 feet).
In contrast, the US Global Hawk has a maximum altitude of only 18km (or 57,000 feet).
And Chinese Soar Dragon XiangLong
ANOTHER BIG BIRD
The 7-10 ton Xianglong, with some stealthy features, would make an ideal EW drone thanks to its huge size, and lone endurance. Its unique 20 meter joined tandem wings increase its range and on station time.
http://www.top81.cn, via yexu at China Defense Forum
vacuuming up a wealth of data, for extended periods of time.
The system might also move beyond a surveillance role. Chinese engineers have noted that the Xianglong's large payload, endurance and range makes it ideal for electronic warfare (EW) missions, both for gathering intelligence on electronic activity, as well as carrying jammers to disrupt enemy radars and datalinks. In wartime, the Xianglong's high altitude jammers would seek to disrupt not only the radars of enemy fighters and missiles, but also jam and spoof communications between enemy bombers, airborne early warning and control aircraft, drones and even datalinks between satellites, ships, land based missile launchers and missiles. in such role, the EW Xianglong would operate alongside a host of other Chinese EW aircraft, including Y-9 heavy transport jammers, J-16 and JH-7 strike aircraft, in both offensive and defensive operations.
3000++ Mach 3-4 AShMs and 200++ DFs
and CM-401s will carry the good news to keep the 'Muricans on their ships forever young.
Chaoxun-1 (CX-1)
The CX-1 is a supersonic anti-ship cruise missile (ASCM) that can travel up to Mach 2.8-3 at an altitude of 17,000 m (56,000 ft). It travels along a low-high-low flight profile and has a range of 40–280 km (25–174 mi; 22–151 nmi) using a two-stage booster, descending to 10 meters above the water when 10 km (6.2 mi; 5.4 nmi) from the target. The 260 kg (570 lb) warhead has a 20 m (66 ft) circular error probability (CEP)
YJ-12 (CM-302)
The Chinese YJ-12E, also known as CM-302, is a supersonic, anti-ship, cruise missile developed by China Aerospace Science and Industry Corp (CASIC). The CM-302 missile has a maximum range of 290 kilometers carrying a 250 kg warhead with a kill probability of 90 percent. The missile is an export version of the YJ-12 missile and was unveiled at the Zuhai Air Show in November 2016.
Last edited:
What exactly is a railgun, and do we need to start building bunkers again?
BY ALAN WEEDON
UPDATED ABOUT 2 HOURS AGO
Email Facebook Twitter WhatsApp
VIDEO 0:36 Previous US tests have seen railgun mounts melt after projectiles were fired.
ABC NEWS
Earlier this week, a prominent Weibo defence blogger posted an image that appeared to be a Chinese naval warship carrying an electromagnetic railgun.
Key points:
The gun uses the power of a neighbourhood to fire one shot at 2.5 kilometres per second
China appears to be testing railgun technology on warships
Previous prototypes have been too large and energy-hungry to be practical at sea
A thick sheet of steel lies in front of purple naval material that shows a circular hole from a railgun projtectile.
PHOTO The velocity of railgun projectiles allows them to slice through ships.
US DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE: JESSICA L TOZER
This gun, oft-touted as a super-weapon, does away with the use of conventional explosives to fire a projectile, instead using an incredibly powerful electric circuit to launch a projectile.
The technology forms part of a suite of "next-generation" weapons that global powers have touted over recent years, such as Russia's hypersonic glide missiles announced in December.
Proponents of the railguns praise it for a number of reasons: It makes ships safer as you don't have to carry explosive ammunition, it's incredibly fast, and — depending on calculations — the shot can be incredibly precise.
Tests have shown that projectiles from railguns can be fired at 2.5 kilometres per second, over distances of up to 200 kilometres.
Put simply, this kind of weapon would be the equivalent of a ship in Sydney firing a projectile faster than the Concorde, striking a target somewhere past Newcastle within a minute and 20 seconds.
'It's like an electrician being blown off a chair'
A diagram showing how the railgun works, including electric current flowing through the rails and generating a magnetic field.
PHOTO The rails need to carry enough power to service an average neighbourhood to launch just one shot.
ABC NEWS: JARROD FANKHAUSER
The railgun essentially functions as an incredibly powerful electric circuit that consists of three elements: a power source, conductive rails, and a moveable bridge — also made out of conductive metals — sitting between the rails housing the projectile (known as the armature).
The rails are made out of conductive metals (such as copper) which are fed with whopping amounts of energy from a generator — one side positive, the other negative — to propel the armature at great speed and distance via magnetic force.
This kind of magnetic force is known as the Lorentz force, where the force is directed perpendicular to the magnetic field.
"I like to think of it as similar to when a dodgy electrician is trying to change a lightbulb who gets blown off their chair," said Dr Jai Galliott, Leader of the Values in Defence & Security Technology Group within the University of New South Wales's School of Engineering and Information Technology at the Australian Defence Force Academy.
"The science is pretty straightforward, but the issue is that the railgun calls for huge energy generation, and of course, power is pretty scant at sea," Dr Galliott said.
"The systems that the US were looking to deploy were somewhere between 15 and 25 megawatts which is enough to power a reasonably-sized neighbourhood if not more — so it's a whole lot of energy for just one shot," he said.
"The benefit of a normal projectile is that, if you've got enough on hand, you can pump out tens if not hundreds of rounds per minute depending on the weapon you're talking about."
Will the railgun suffer the same fate as the Concorde?
A large series of cylindrical power conductors in bright yellow are hooked to multiple groupings of thick black wires.
PHOTO The sheer size of railgun generators has been an impediment to their introduction to navy fleets.
US NAVY: JOHN F WILLIAMS
The sheer amount of power that a railgun uses generates incredible heat during operation, and previous US railgun tests have seen rails melt during launches.
Over the past decade, the US has pulled away from railgun research toward Hyper Velocity Projectiles (HPVs), which are equally as fast but can be added to existing US and select allied fleets with a few tweaks.
"It's a lot cheaper to invest in HPVs because you don't have to retrofit a ship with a whole new weapons platform," Dr Galliott said.
"So there's a question of: 'Why should we make such a big investment in the technology when the capability enhancement isn't that great'?"
As global powers return to more conventional forms of warfare, defence strategists across the US and its allies are all vying to create agile forces that can be quickly deployed.
While US railgun research is in its second phase, it is a while away from being able to be deployed at a mass scale — BAE systems has been concurrently developing HPV and railgun technology for the US Office of Naval Research since 2013.
The railgun research also comes amid the presidency of Donald Trump, who has not been a fan of costly developments in military technology, rubbishing electromagnetic technology to a US Navy Officer in November:
"Steam is very reliable, and the electromagnetic, I mean, unfortunately you have to be Albert Einstein to really work it properly," Mr Trump said.
Chinese railgun might be a bit of a fizzer
Office of Naval Research's Electromagnetic Railgun
PHOTO Ballistics experts have questioned the firing efficiency of current railgun efforts.
US NAVY: JOHN F WILLIAMS
In March 2018, a Chinese engineer working with the People's Liberation Army (PLA) claimed to have developed the "largest repeating power supply system in the world".
At present, it is unclear if China's railgun is able to fire multiple rounds, at what rate per minute it can fire, and what exactly they are going to do with the gun.
Dr Galliot believes it is all a bit of a fizzer.
"The thing with Chinese technology is that it might look like something on the outside but actually be hollow on the inside," Dr Galliott said.
"From what I've seen it doesn't look like anything special, and it doesn't look like it would be a readily deployable weapon — it might be more for PR purposes than anything else."
View image on TwitterView image on TwitterView image on TwitterView image on Twitter
Chris Cavas
✔
@CavasShips
Is the #Chinese #Navy about to test a #railgun at sea? New views of 22-yo Type 072 III landing ship HAIYANGSHAN 936 with what might be a railgun forward. Power modules seem to be placed on deck just aft of the gun. Props to @xinfengcao et al for these.
118
12:54 AM - Feb 1, 2018
140 people are talking about this
Twitter Ads info and privacy
But Dr Galliott added that there's plenty of other items in the Chinese armoury that already exist to wipe a potential adversary out.
"China already has missiles that could reach Australia relatively easily," he said. "The bigger problem is that countries like Australia are always 10 to 30 years behind the US and certain European players."
"And even if Australia worked toward getting 80 decent ships, the PLA Navy's sheer size will be our main issue."
The Australian fleet consists of 48 ships, boats and submarines compared to about 220 combat ships in the PLA Navy's favour (they plan to increase to 351 by 2020).
But in the case of the railgun, officials at the Australian Navy will not have to fret just yet, as China's touted "ship destroying" technology is even viewed with scepticism back home.
A Chinese senior editor from a prominent defence publication told the ABC anonymously that the widescale threat of Chinese railguns is not on the horizons.
"As we have seen, the US electromagnetic railgun is so big that it's unable to be carried by a warship," they said.
"So I don't see how the technology will be practical despite the reported technological developments."
The Chinese Foreign Ministry and Chinese Embassy were contacted for comment but the ABC has yet to receive a reply.
Additional interviews by Michael Li
POSTED YESTERDAY AT 6:48PM
SHAREEmail Facebook Twitter WhatsApp
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BY ALAN WEEDON
UPDATED ABOUT 2 HOURS AGO
Email Facebook Twitter WhatsApp
VIDEO 0:36 Previous US tests have seen railgun mounts melt after projectiles were fired.
ABC NEWS
Earlier this week, a prominent Weibo defence blogger posted an image that appeared to be a Chinese naval warship carrying an electromagnetic railgun.
Key points:
The gun uses the power of a neighbourhood to fire one shot at 2.5 kilometres per second
China appears to be testing railgun technology on warships
Previous prototypes have been too large and energy-hungry to be practical at sea
A thick sheet of steel lies in front of purple naval material that shows a circular hole from a railgun projtectile.
PHOTO The velocity of railgun projectiles allows them to slice through ships.
US DEPARTMENT OF DEFENCE: JESSICA L TOZER
This gun, oft-touted as a super-weapon, does away with the use of conventional explosives to fire a projectile, instead using an incredibly powerful electric circuit to launch a projectile.
The technology forms part of a suite of "next-generation" weapons that global powers have touted over recent years, such as Russia's hypersonic glide missiles announced in December.
Proponents of the railguns praise it for a number of reasons: It makes ships safer as you don't have to carry explosive ammunition, it's incredibly fast, and — depending on calculations — the shot can be incredibly precise.
Tests have shown that projectiles from railguns can be fired at 2.5 kilometres per second, over distances of up to 200 kilometres.
Put simply, this kind of weapon would be the equivalent of a ship in Sydney firing a projectile faster than the Concorde, striking a target somewhere past Newcastle within a minute and 20 seconds.
'It's like an electrician being blown off a chair'
A diagram showing how the railgun works, including electric current flowing through the rails and generating a magnetic field.
PHOTO The rails need to carry enough power to service an average neighbourhood to launch just one shot.
ABC NEWS: JARROD FANKHAUSER
The railgun essentially functions as an incredibly powerful electric circuit that consists of three elements: a power source, conductive rails, and a moveable bridge — also made out of conductive metals — sitting between the rails housing the projectile (known as the armature).
The rails are made out of conductive metals (such as copper) which are fed with whopping amounts of energy from a generator — one side positive, the other negative — to propel the armature at great speed and distance via magnetic force.
This kind of magnetic force is known as the Lorentz force, where the force is directed perpendicular to the magnetic field.
"I like to think of it as similar to when a dodgy electrician is trying to change a lightbulb who gets blown off their chair," said Dr Jai Galliott, Leader of the Values in Defence & Security Technology Group within the University of New South Wales's School of Engineering and Information Technology at the Australian Defence Force Academy.
"The science is pretty straightforward, but the issue is that the railgun calls for huge energy generation, and of course, power is pretty scant at sea," Dr Galliott said.
"The systems that the US were looking to deploy were somewhere between 15 and 25 megawatts which is enough to power a reasonably-sized neighbourhood if not more — so it's a whole lot of energy for just one shot," he said.
"The benefit of a normal projectile is that, if you've got enough on hand, you can pump out tens if not hundreds of rounds per minute depending on the weapon you're talking about."
Will the railgun suffer the same fate as the Concorde?
A large series of cylindrical power conductors in bright yellow are hooked to multiple groupings of thick black wires.
PHOTO The sheer size of railgun generators has been an impediment to their introduction to navy fleets.
US NAVY: JOHN F WILLIAMS
The sheer amount of power that a railgun uses generates incredible heat during operation, and previous US railgun tests have seen rails melt during launches.
Over the past decade, the US has pulled away from railgun research toward Hyper Velocity Projectiles (HPVs), which are equally as fast but can be added to existing US and select allied fleets with a few tweaks.
"It's a lot cheaper to invest in HPVs because you don't have to retrofit a ship with a whole new weapons platform," Dr Galliott said.
"So there's a question of: 'Why should we make such a big investment in the technology when the capability enhancement isn't that great'?"
As global powers return to more conventional forms of warfare, defence strategists across the US and its allies are all vying to create agile forces that can be quickly deployed.
While US railgun research is in its second phase, it is a while away from being able to be deployed at a mass scale — BAE systems has been concurrently developing HPV and railgun technology for the US Office of Naval Research since 2013.
The railgun research also comes amid the presidency of Donald Trump, who has not been a fan of costly developments in military technology, rubbishing electromagnetic technology to a US Navy Officer in November:
"Steam is very reliable, and the electromagnetic, I mean, unfortunately you have to be Albert Einstein to really work it properly," Mr Trump said.
Chinese railgun might be a bit of a fizzer
Office of Naval Research's Electromagnetic Railgun
PHOTO Ballistics experts have questioned the firing efficiency of current railgun efforts.
US NAVY: JOHN F WILLIAMS
In March 2018, a Chinese engineer working with the People's Liberation Army (PLA) claimed to have developed the "largest repeating power supply system in the world".
At present, it is unclear if China's railgun is able to fire multiple rounds, at what rate per minute it can fire, and what exactly they are going to do with the gun.
Dr Galliot believes it is all a bit of a fizzer.
"The thing with Chinese technology is that it might look like something on the outside but actually be hollow on the inside," Dr Galliott said.
"From what I've seen it doesn't look like anything special, and it doesn't look like it would be a readily deployable weapon — it might be more for PR purposes than anything else."
View image on TwitterView image on TwitterView image on TwitterView image on Twitter
Chris Cavas
✔
@CavasShips
Is the #Chinese #Navy about to test a #railgun at sea? New views of 22-yo Type 072 III landing ship HAIYANGSHAN 936 with what might be a railgun forward. Power modules seem to be placed on deck just aft of the gun. Props to @xinfengcao et al for these.
118
12:54 AM - Feb 1, 2018
140 people are talking about this
Twitter Ads info and privacy
But Dr Galliott added that there's plenty of other items in the Chinese armoury that already exist to wipe a potential adversary out.
"China already has missiles that could reach Australia relatively easily," he said. "The bigger problem is that countries like Australia are always 10 to 30 years behind the US and certain European players."
"And even if Australia worked toward getting 80 decent ships, the PLA Navy's sheer size will be our main issue."
The Australian fleet consists of 48 ships, boats and submarines compared to about 220 combat ships in the PLA Navy's favour (they plan to increase to 351 by 2020).
But in the case of the railgun, officials at the Australian Navy will not have to fret just yet, as China's touted "ship destroying" technology is even viewed with scepticism back home.
A Chinese senior editor from a prominent defence publication told the ABC anonymously that the widescale threat of Chinese railguns is not on the horizons.
"As we have seen, the US electromagnetic railgun is so big that it's unable to be carried by a warship," they said.
"So I don't see how the technology will be practical despite the reported technological developments."
The Chinese Foreign Ministry and Chinese Embassy were contacted for comment but the ABC has yet to receive a reply.
Additional interviews by Michael Li
POSTED YESTERDAY AT 6:48PM
SHAREEmail Facebook Twitter WhatsApp
RELATED
China's new railgun warship could put it ahead of the US in the battle for naval supremacy
US Navy keeps electromagnetic railgun in its sights
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China activates ‘ship killer’ DF-26 missiles after ‘sink two carriers’ threat
JANUARY 10, 201912:01pm
Chinese Military Might
Jamie SeidelNews Corp Australia Network
Beijing has moved to make good on its threat to ‘sink two aircraft carriers’, stating it has activated ‘ship killer’ ballistic missiles in response to a US Navy challenge earlier this week.
The state-controlled Global Times news service overnight reported its newest ballistic missile weapon system, introduced as recently as April last year, are being deployed to positions best suited at striking vessels in the East and South China Sea.
Embedded video
Global Times
✔
@globaltimesnews
#ChinaDefense China's far-reaching, anti-ship ballistic missile DF-26 has been mobilized to Northwest China's plateau and desert areas as a US warship trespassed into China's territorial waters in the S.China Sea Monday. http://bit.Iy/2QxoPlg
56
5:20 PM - Jan 9, 2019
29 people are talking about this
Twitter Ads info and privacy
The announcement follows a Chinese Vice Admiral’s threat stating the best way to force the US to ‘back away’ from Beijing’s attempts to annex the disputed waterways would be to ‘sink two aircraft carriers’. He boasted China could do so with the introduction of new ballistic missile systems.
RELATED: Chinese Admiral’s chilling recipe to dominate South China Sea
But the announcement of the deployment comes just days after a US warship passed through the Taiwan Strait and close to the Paracel Islands (Xisha Islands) — claimed by China, Vietnam and Taiwan — to assert the international rules of the sea which govern rights of free passage.
China's 'ship killer' DF-26 missiles aboard their mobile launchers. They are among the faster missiles in active service.
China's 'ship killer' DF-26 missiles aboard their mobile launchers. They are among the faster missiles in active service.Source:Supplied
“The timing of the report sparked discussions among Chinese military observers online, as it came after the USS McCambell, a US guided-missile destroyer, trespassed into China’s territorial waters off the Xisha Islands on Monday without permission from the Chinese government,” the government mouthpiece noted.
Military aircraft and warships had been sent to warn the US vessel away, Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lu Kang said at a daily briefing earlier this week.
But the later state-controlled media report about the missiles indicates Beijing is beginning to lose its patience.
LEVEL THREAT
“The DF-26 is China’s new generation of intermediate-range ballistic missile capable of targeting medium and large ships at sea,” the Global Times warned. “It can carry both conventional and nuclear warheads.”
The missiles are ballistic, meaning they boost their warheads high into the edge of space.
These warheads then plunge at very high speeds back down towards their targets.
SPECIAL REPORT: China’s exploding military might
Unlike conventional, shorter-range cruise missiles, the DF-26 will not be positioned close to the Taiwan Strait or on the disputed islands themselves.
Instead, Chinese state-run television service CCTV reports the truck-mounted weapons are positioned in a distant outpost: “The DF-26 is attached to a brigade under the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Rocket Force that operates in Northwest China’s plateau and desert areas”.
“A mobile missile launch from deep in the country’s interior is more difficult to intercept,” the Global Times quoted an expert as explaining.
He said the DF-26 has enough range — reputed to be some 4500km — to cover the South China Sea, even when launched from deep within China itself.
SPECIAL REPORT: How hypersonic weapons will change warfare forever
“During the initial phase of a ballistic missile launch, the missile is relatively slow and not difficult to detect, making it an easier target for enemy antimissile installations.
“After the missile enters a later stage, its speed is so high that chances for interception are significantly lower.”
The state media report went so far as to highlight the significant US naval base in the middle of the Pacific at Guam was within range of the missiles.
“The report is a good reminder that China is capable of safeguarding its territory,” it stated.
ISLAND FLASHPOINTS
The US in recent weeks has called on its international allies — including Australia — to ramp up pressure on Beijing’s attempt to assert control over the international shipping lanes and fisheries through an increased tempo of ‘freedom of navigation operations’ (FONOPS) by their warships.
The US insists it is not interested in who owns the islands.
RELATED: China’s island fortresses ‘impossible’ to defeat
Instead, it says it wants to maintain the freedom of access practised through the busy trade hub since the end of World War II.
Recently, however, Beijing has asserted what it claims to be traditional sovereignty over the entirety of the South and East China Seas. An international arbitration court rejected this claim, but China has chosen to ignore the ruling.
Nor does international law allow territorial rights to be applied to the waters around artificial islands. Beijing has recently completed a chain of fortresses on what had previously been coral reefs and demanded that all nations respect its 12 nautical mile (22km) sovereign territorial claim around them.
Foreign Ministry spokesman Lu told reporters that China had demanded the USS McCampbell leave waters around the Paracel Islands.
SPECIAL REPORT: Aussie admiral warns we are ‘sleepwalking’ into war
“Relevant actions by US vessels violate Chinese and international laws, infringe on China’s sovereignty, and undermine peace, stability and good order in relevant waters,” Lu said.
But international legal institutions have rejected this claim.
“We will continue to take necessary measures to safeguard national sovereignty and security,” he added, potentially referring to the later announcement of the DF-26 missiles.
The spat comes ahead of Beijing-Washington trade talks this week.
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China activates ‘ship killer’ DF-26 missiles after ‘sink two carriers’ threat
JANUARY 10, 201912:01pm
Chinese Military Might
Jamie SeidelNews Corp Australia Network
Beijing has moved to make good on its threat to ‘sink two aircraft carriers’, stating it has activated ‘ship killer’ ballistic missiles in response to a US Navy challenge earlier this week.
The state-controlled Global Times news service overnight reported its newest ballistic missile weapon system, introduced as recently as April last year, are being deployed to positions best suited at striking vessels in the East and South China Sea.
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#ChinaDefense China's far-reaching, anti-ship ballistic missile DF-26 has been mobilized to Northwest China's plateau and desert areas as a US warship trespassed into China's territorial waters in the S.China Sea Monday. http://bit.Iy/2QxoPlg
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The announcement follows a Chinese Vice Admiral’s threat stating the best way to force the US to ‘back away’ from Beijing’s attempts to annex the disputed waterways would be to ‘sink two aircraft carriers’. He boasted China could do so with the introduction of new ballistic missile systems.
RELATED: Chinese Admiral’s chilling recipe to dominate South China Sea
But the announcement of the deployment comes just days after a US warship passed through the Taiwan Strait and close to the Paracel Islands (Xisha Islands) — claimed by China, Vietnam and Taiwan — to assert the international rules of the sea which govern rights of free passage.
China's 'ship killer' DF-26 missiles aboard their mobile launchers. They are among the faster missiles in active service.
China's 'ship killer' DF-26 missiles aboard their mobile launchers. They are among the faster missiles in active service.Source:Supplied
“The timing of the report sparked discussions among Chinese military observers online, as it came after the USS McCambell, a US guided-missile destroyer, trespassed into China’s territorial waters off the Xisha Islands on Monday without permission from the Chinese government,” the government mouthpiece noted.
Military aircraft and warships had been sent to warn the US vessel away, Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lu Kang said at a daily briefing earlier this week.
But the later state-controlled media report about the missiles indicates Beijing is beginning to lose its patience.
LEVEL THREAT
“The DF-26 is China’s new generation of intermediate-range ballistic missile capable of targeting medium and large ships at sea,” the Global Times warned. “It can carry both conventional and nuclear warheads.”
The missiles are ballistic, meaning they boost their warheads high into the edge of space.
These warheads then plunge at very high speeds back down towards their targets.
SPECIAL REPORT: China’s exploding military might
Unlike conventional, shorter-range cruise missiles, the DF-26 will not be positioned close to the Taiwan Strait or on the disputed islands themselves.
Instead, Chinese state-run television service CCTV reports the truck-mounted weapons are positioned in a distant outpost: “The DF-26 is attached to a brigade under the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Rocket Force that operates in Northwest China’s plateau and desert areas”.
“A mobile missile launch from deep in the country’s interior is more difficult to intercept,” the Global Times quoted an expert as explaining.
He said the DF-26 has enough range — reputed to be some 4500km — to cover the South China Sea, even when launched from deep within China itself.
SPECIAL REPORT: How hypersonic weapons will change warfare forever
“During the initial phase of a ballistic missile launch, the missile is relatively slow and not difficult to detect, making it an easier target for enemy antimissile installations.
“After the missile enters a later stage, its speed is so high that chances for interception are significantly lower.”
The state media report went so far as to highlight the significant US naval base in the middle of the Pacific at Guam was within range of the missiles.
“The report is a good reminder that China is capable of safeguarding its territory,” it stated.
ISLAND FLASHPOINTS
The US in recent weeks has called on its international allies — including Australia — to ramp up pressure on Beijing’s attempt to assert control over the international shipping lanes and fisheries through an increased tempo of ‘freedom of navigation operations’ (FONOPS) by their warships.
The US insists it is not interested in who owns the islands.
RELATED: China’s island fortresses ‘impossible’ to defeat
Instead, it says it wants to maintain the freedom of access practised through the busy trade hub since the end of World War II.
Recently, however, Beijing has asserted what it claims to be traditional sovereignty over the entirety of the South and East China Seas. An international arbitration court rejected this claim, but China has chosen to ignore the ruling.
Nor does international law allow territorial rights to be applied to the waters around artificial islands. Beijing has recently completed a chain of fortresses on what had previously been coral reefs and demanded that all nations respect its 12 nautical mile (22km) sovereign territorial claim around them.
Foreign Ministry spokesman Lu told reporters that China had demanded the USS McCampbell leave waters around the Paracel Islands.
SPECIAL REPORT: Aussie admiral warns we are ‘sleepwalking’ into war
“Relevant actions by US vessels violate Chinese and international laws, infringe on China’s sovereignty, and undermine peace, stability and good order in relevant waters,” Lu said.
But international legal institutions have rejected this claim.
“We will continue to take necessary measures to safeguard national sovereignty and security,” he added, potentially referring to the later announcement of the DF-26 missiles.
The spat comes ahead of Beijing-Washington trade talks this week.
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Home News Navy & Maritime Security News
China ‘needs at least three aircraft carriers’: naval expert
By
Agence France-Presse
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January 10, 2019
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China needs “at least three aircraft carriers” to protect its extensive coastline and its interests abroad, a senior Chinese naval expert said Wednesday.
“Our country has an 18,000-kilometre (11,000-mile) long coastline. Also, our economy is outward looking and our interests abroad are growing,” said Commodore Zhang Junshe, a member of the Naval Research Institute.
“All this requires us to send a military force to distant seas to protect (these interests). In these circumstances, I think we need at least three aircraft carriers. Of course, depending on economic development, we could legitimately revise this figure upwards,” he said during a meeting with the Chinese and foreign press.
In November, the English-language China Daily, citing the official Xinhua news agency, said the Asian giant had begun construction of a third aircraft carrier. The defence ministry has not confirmed this.
China currently has only one operational aircraft carrier, the Liaoning, a second-hand Soviet ship built nearly 30 years ago and commissioned in 2012.
A second carrier — the first built entirely by China and known only as “Type 001A” — was launched a year ago and has been undergoing sea trials.
With just one fully operational aircraft carrier, China is far behind the United States, which has 11 such warships, but is on a par with Russia, France, India and Britain, which have one each, according to Nick Childs, a naval specialist at Britain’s International Institute for Strategic Studies.
“Since the first Opium War in 1840 until the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, we have suffered 470 naval attacks from Western countries or Japan,” said Zhang.
During this period, China suffered several defeats by Britain, Japan and France which resulted in the colonisation of Chinese territories.
“We will not be invading other countries, but the Chinese are afraid that their country will be invaded again, so the main reason we are strengthening our defence is to ensure our security,” he said.
With a buildup of its military capability in recent years, Beijing is seeking to assert its extensive claims to the South China Sea and to deter any independence moves by Taiwan.
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DefenceTalk.comHome News Navy & Maritime Security News
China ‘needs at least three aircraft carriers’: naval expert
By
Agence France-Presse
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January 10, 2019
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China needs “at least three aircraft carriers” to protect its extensive coastline and its interests abroad, a senior Chinese naval expert said Wednesday.
“Our country has an 18,000-kilometre (11,000-mile) long coastline. Also, our economy is outward looking and our interests abroad are growing,” said Commodore Zhang Junshe, a member of the Naval Research Institute.
“All this requires us to send a military force to distant seas to protect (these interests). In these circumstances, I think we need at least three aircraft carriers. Of course, depending on economic development, we could legitimately revise this figure upwards,” he said during a meeting with the Chinese and foreign press.
In November, the English-language China Daily, citing the official Xinhua news agency, said the Asian giant had begun construction of a third aircraft carrier. The defence ministry has not confirmed this.
China currently has only one operational aircraft carrier, the Liaoning, a second-hand Soviet ship built nearly 30 years ago and commissioned in 2012.
A second carrier — the first built entirely by China and known only as “Type 001A” — was launched a year ago and has been undergoing sea trials.
With just one fully operational aircraft carrier, China is far behind the United States, which has 11 such warships, but is on a par with Russia, France, India and Britain, which have one each, according to Nick Childs, a naval specialist at Britain’s International Institute for Strategic Studies.
“Since the first Opium War in 1840 until the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, we have suffered 470 naval attacks from Western countries or Japan,” said Zhang.
During this period, China suffered several defeats by Britain, Japan and France which resulted in the colonisation of Chinese territories.
“We will not be invading other countries, but the Chinese are afraid that their country will be invaded again, so the main reason we are strengthening our defence is to ensure our security,” he said.
With a buildup of its military capability in recent years, Beijing is seeking to assert its extensive claims to the South China Sea and to deter any independence moves by Taiwan.
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British AS 90 Howitzer and Sinapore Howitzer questions
F-35 - International Participation
Flight on a combat aircraft Yak-130 Air Force of the Republic of Belarus
Royal Australian Navy Discussions and Updates
The comic story of how Turkey kicked tobacco on trucks from Russia
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US Army News and updates general discussion
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Asia Poland 'must pay' for Huawei arrest: Chinese state-run daily
Last week's detention of Wang Weijing follows the December arrest of Huawei's CFO in Canada AFP/WANG ZHAO
14 Jan 2019 12:33PM
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BEIJING: Poland "must pay" for arresting an employee of Chinese telecom giant Huawei for alleged espionage, state-run tabloid Global Times said on Monday (Jan 14).
READ: Huawei sacks employee arrested in Poland on spying charges
Last week's detention of Wang Weijing follows the December arrest of Huawei's chief financial officer in Canada, and US efforts to blacklist the company internationally over security concerns.
"Beijing should resolutely negotiate with Warsaw and conduct relative counter-measures, helping the world understand that Poland is an accomplice of the US," the nationalist Global Times said in a strongly worded editorial.
If Huawei suffers a blow, it will affect the confidence of "Chinese society" and the world would think it "doable to bully Chinese enterprises," said the newspaper, which is run by Communist party mouthpiece People's Daily.
"China must not be soft at this point. Beijing will not bully Warsaw - and it is unworthy to do so - but the latter must pay for the offense," the editorial said.
The newspaper did not say what kind of measures China should take.
Days after Canada arrested Huawei CFO Meng Wanzhou on a US extradition request in December, Chinese authorities detained two Canadians - a former diplomat and a businessman - on suspicion of endangering national security, a move seen by observers as an act of retaliation.
Meng is accused of fraud in connection with violations of Iran sanctions.
While China voiced concerns about Wang's arrest in Poland, Huawei has sought to distance itself from the case as it fired the employee, saying his "alleged actions have no relation to the company".
A Polish man was also arrested for alleged espionage along with Wang on Tuesday.
Both men are suspected of having "worked for Chinese services and to the detriment of Poland," said Polish special services spokesman Stanislaw Zaryn.
Source: AFP/aa
Asia Poland 'must pay' for Huawei arrest: Chinese state-run daily
Last week's detention of Wang Weijing follows the December arrest of Huawei's CFO in Canada AFP/WANG ZHAO
14 Jan 2019 12:33PM
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Bookmark
BEIJING: Poland "must pay" for arresting an employee of Chinese telecom giant Huawei for alleged espionage, state-run tabloid Global Times said on Monday (Jan 14).
READ: Huawei sacks employee arrested in Poland on spying charges
Last week's detention of Wang Weijing follows the December arrest of Huawei's chief financial officer in Canada, and US efforts to blacklist the company internationally over security concerns.
"Beijing should resolutely negotiate with Warsaw and conduct relative counter-measures, helping the world understand that Poland is an accomplice of the US," the nationalist Global Times said in a strongly worded editorial.
If Huawei suffers a blow, it will affect the confidence of "Chinese society" and the world would think it "doable to bully Chinese enterprises," said the newspaper, which is run by Communist party mouthpiece People's Daily.
"China must not be soft at this point. Beijing will not bully Warsaw - and it is unworthy to do so - but the latter must pay for the offense," the editorial said.
The newspaper did not say what kind of measures China should take.
Days after Canada arrested Huawei CFO Meng Wanzhou on a US extradition request in December, Chinese authorities detained two Canadians - a former diplomat and a businessman - on suspicion of endangering national security, a move seen by observers as an act of retaliation.
Meng is accused of fraud in connection with violations of Iran sanctions.
While China voiced concerns about Wang's arrest in Poland, Huawei has sought to distance itself from the case as it fired the employee, saying his "alleged actions have no relation to the company".
A Polish man was also arrested for alleged espionage along with Wang on Tuesday.
Both men are suspected of having "worked for Chinese services and to the detriment of Poland," said Polish special services spokesman Stanislaw Zaryn.
Source: AFP/aa
NATO bankrupted beggars think Dotard-land could save their ass from Putin? Huh? Or can they still fucking dream that? All the fucking remainder of rotten military abilities still left in Europe can not even resist half of Putin's army! Putin should give Poland and long lasting bleeding carnage after invasion force NATO to come in for Combat, and make an impressive demonstration that FUCKING USA & NATO can not save ANY COUNTRY from Putin forces. Bite them rip their body parts off and cannibalize them slowing while challenging them to live up to their so called SECURITY COMMITMENT. Got strength? Got Guts come and die ASAP. With PLA backing, it is 300% 吃定啦!
http://www.sohu.com/a/289145871_600562
迷彩青春1001
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中方某项技术领先世界，美整整追赶26年，不料我国宣布进入新领域
2019-01-15 20:14 美国 /武器 /中国
众所周知，中国现如今武器装备走上了一个新台阶，在世界上取得了不少令人羡慕的目光。但是回想当年，我们国家饱受西方各国的技术封锁，武器禁运，国家更是百废待兴，举步维艰之际，工业基础薄弱，经济发展缓慢，缺少科技人才，这些都阻碍了中国的发展。为了尽快拉近与西方国家的差距，我们只能高价去购买别国的武器装备，然后回来自己研究，吸收先进的技术，研发自己的国产装备。
但是并不是所有国家都会卖武器给我们的，而且即使卖给你，也是在人家那里的二流产品。但是这样的国家也是少之又少。特别是在上个世纪五十年代的时候，我们在朝鲜战争中取得了胜利，靠着装备落后的志愿军愣是将全副美式装备的多国联军拉下马来，这更增加了西方国家对我们的敌视，防止中国制造出先进的武器。在那个一没技术，二是缺钱少物的年代里，我们的军工科研者只能摸着石头过河。
就是在这样的困难情况下，我们造出了原子弹，氢弹，各种先进的成果层出不穷，用事实向外国人证明中国人并不比别人差。但是在高科技领域，我们还是起步发展阶段，比如芯片，航空发动机等等，直到现在我们还有些东西受限于人。但并不是所有的我们都落后，在一些个别领域我们甚至还处于领先地位，比如：非线性光学晶体技术，这个我们就领先于世界各国。
那么就有人问，这个非线性光学晶体是做什么用的？大家都知道激光武器吧。而这个晶体就是激光武器中不可缺少的重要材料之一，它可以提高激光武器对远距离目标的精确打击，甚至还可以防御导弹。它是一种材料，可以实现激波长的变频，能扩展激光武器的调节范围。早在1990年，我国就发现的KBBF晶体，可将激光转化成为176纳米波长，这比当时市面上所见的任何材料都出色，迅速在国际上引起了强烈反应。而它的成功研制，也让我们成为世界上唯一能够制造深紫外固态激光武器的国家。
这让美国等西方国家非常震惊，纷纷要求中国公布这一成果，将这种晶体进行出口。但是我国意识到激光武器带来的危害性，断然拒绝美国的无理要求，这让美国愤愤不平，认为我们在是搞技术封锁。于是美国开始进行自主研制，直到2016年，才研制成功。但是这个差距整整差了26年时间，就当美国高调宣布自己的成果时，却不知道我国在非线性材料领域又有了重大突破，2015年时中国研制出了新型材料晶体LSBO，而这种晶体有望成为下一种激光武器的候选材料。返回搜狐，查看更多
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China’s technology is leading the world, and the United States has been catching up with the country for 26 years. Unexpectedly, China has announced its entry into new fields.
2019-01-15 20:14
United States
/
arms
/
China
As is known to all, China’s weapons and equipment have now embarked on a new level and have achieved many enviable gaze in the world. However, when we recalled that our country was subjected to technological blockades by Western countries, arms embargoed, and the country was in ruins, the industrial base was weak, the economic development was slow, and the lack of scientific and technological talents hindered China’s development. In order to close the gap with Western countries as soon as possible, we can only buy weapons and equipment from other countries at a high price, and then come back to study on their own, absorb advanced technology, and develop their own domestic equipment.
But not all countries sell weapons to us, and even if they are sold to you, they are second-rate products in others. But such countries are few and far between. Especially in the 1950s, we won in the Korean War, relying on the backward volunteers to pull down the multinational coalition forces with full American equipment, which further increased the hostility of the Western countries to us. To prevent China from producing advanced weapons. In the era when there was no technology and the second was lack of money and money, our military researchers could only cross the river by feeling the stones.
It is in such a difficult situation that we have created atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs, and various advanced achievements. The facts prove to foreigners that Chinese people are no worse than others. But in the high-tech field, we are still in the early stages of development, such as chips, aero engines, etc. Until now, we still have something limited to people. But not all of us are behind, and we are even in a leading position in some individual fields, such as nonlinear optical crystal technology, which is ahead of the world.
Then someone asks, what is this nonlinear optical crystal used for? Everyone knows about laser weapons. This crystal is one of the indispensable materials in laser weapons. It can improve the precision attack of laser weapons on long-distance targets, and even defend missiles. It is a material that can achieve variable wavelength conversion and expand the range of adjustment of laser weapons. As early as 1990, the KBBF crystal discovered in China could convert the laser into a wavelength of 176 nm, which is superior to any material seen on the market at that time, and quickly caused a strong international reaction. Its successful development has also made us the only country in the world capable of manufacturing deep-UV solid-state laser weapons.
This made the United States and other Western countries very shocked and asked China to announce this result and export the crystal. However, China’s awareness of the dangers caused by laser weapons and its categorical rejection of the unreasonable demands of the United States have made the United States resentful and believe that we are engaged in technological blockade. So the United States began to develop independently, until 2016, only successfully developed. However, this gap has been worse than 26 years. When the United States announced its achievements in a high-profile manner, it did not know that China had made a major breakthrough in the field of nonlinear materials. In 2015, China developed a new material crystal LSBO. Crystals are expected to be candidates for the next laser weapon. Go back to Sohu and see more
迷彩青春1001
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中方某项技术领先世界，美整整追赶26年，不料我国宣布进入新领域
2019-01-15 20:14 美国 /武器 /中国
众所周知，中国现如今武器装备走上了一个新台阶，在世界上取得了不少令人羡慕的目光。但是回想当年，我们国家饱受西方各国的技术封锁，武器禁运，国家更是百废待兴，举步维艰之际，工业基础薄弱，经济发展缓慢，缺少科技人才，这些都阻碍了中国的发展。为了尽快拉近与西方国家的差距，我们只能高价去购买别国的武器装备，然后回来自己研究，吸收先进的技术，研发自己的国产装备。
但是并不是所有国家都会卖武器给我们的，而且即使卖给你，也是在人家那里的二流产品。但是这样的国家也是少之又少。特别是在上个世纪五十年代的时候，我们在朝鲜战争中取得了胜利，靠着装备落后的志愿军愣是将全副美式装备的多国联军拉下马来，这更增加了西方国家对我们的敌视，防止中国制造出先进的武器。在那个一没技术，二是缺钱少物的年代里，我们的军工科研者只能摸着石头过河。
就是在这样的困难情况下，我们造出了原子弹，氢弹，各种先进的成果层出不穷，用事实向外国人证明中国人并不比别人差。但是在高科技领域，我们还是起步发展阶段，比如芯片，航空发动机等等，直到现在我们还有些东西受限于人。但并不是所有的我们都落后，在一些个别领域我们甚至还处于领先地位，比如：非线性光学晶体技术，这个我们就领先于世界各国。
那么就有人问，这个非线性光学晶体是做什么用的？大家都知道激光武器吧。而这个晶体就是激光武器中不可缺少的重要材料之一，它可以提高激光武器对远距离目标的精确打击，甚至还可以防御导弹。它是一种材料，可以实现激波长的变频，能扩展激光武器的调节范围。早在1990年，我国就发现的KBBF晶体，可将激光转化成为176纳米波长，这比当时市面上所见的任何材料都出色，迅速在国际上引起了强烈反应。而它的成功研制，也让我们成为世界上唯一能够制造深紫外固态激光武器的国家。
这让美国等西方国家非常震惊，纷纷要求中国公布这一成果，将这种晶体进行出口。但是我国意识到激光武器带来的危害性，断然拒绝美国的无理要求，这让美国愤愤不平，认为我们在是搞技术封锁。于是美国开始进行自主研制，直到2016年，才研制成功。但是这个差距整整差了26年时间，就当美国高调宣布自己的成果时，却不知道我国在非线性材料领域又有了重大突破，2015年时中国研制出了新型材料晶体LSBO，而这种晶体有望成为下一种激光武器的候选材料。返回搜狐，查看更多
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China’s technology is leading the world, and the United States has been catching up with the country for 26 years. Unexpectedly, China has announced its entry into new fields.
2019-01-15 20:14
United States
/
arms
/
China
As is known to all, China’s weapons and equipment have now embarked on a new level and have achieved many enviable gaze in the world. However, when we recalled that our country was subjected to technological blockades by Western countries, arms embargoed, and the country was in ruins, the industrial base was weak, the economic development was slow, and the lack of scientific and technological talents hindered China’s development. In order to close the gap with Western countries as soon as possible, we can only buy weapons and equipment from other countries at a high price, and then come back to study on their own, absorb advanced technology, and develop their own domestic equipment.
But not all countries sell weapons to us, and even if they are sold to you, they are second-rate products in others. But such countries are few and far between. Especially in the 1950s, we won in the Korean War, relying on the backward volunteers to pull down the multinational coalition forces with full American equipment, which further increased the hostility of the Western countries to us. To prevent China from producing advanced weapons. In the era when there was no technology and the second was lack of money and money, our military researchers could only cross the river by feeling the stones.
It is in such a difficult situation that we have created atomic bombs, hydrogen bombs, and various advanced achievements. The facts prove to foreigners that Chinese people are no worse than others. But in the high-tech field, we are still in the early stages of development, such as chips, aero engines, etc. Until now, we still have something limited to people. But not all of us are behind, and we are even in a leading position in some individual fields, such as nonlinear optical crystal technology, which is ahead of the world.
Then someone asks, what is this nonlinear optical crystal used for? Everyone knows about laser weapons. This crystal is one of the indispensable materials in laser weapons. It can improve the precision attack of laser weapons on long-distance targets, and even defend missiles. It is a material that can achieve variable wavelength conversion and expand the range of adjustment of laser weapons. As early as 1990, the KBBF crystal discovered in China could convert the laser into a wavelength of 176 nm, which is superior to any material seen on the market at that time, and quickly caused a strong international reaction. Its successful development has also made us the only country in the world capable of manufacturing deep-UV solid-state laser weapons.
This made the United States and other Western countries very shocked and asked China to announce this result and export the crystal. However, China’s awareness of the dangers caused by laser weapons and its categorical rejection of the unreasonable demands of the United States have made the United States resentful and believe that we are engaged in technological blockade. So the United States began to develop independently, until 2016, only successfully developed. However, this gap has been worse than 26 years. When the United States announced its achievements in a high-profile manner, it did not know that China had made a major breakthrough in the field of nonlinear materials. In 2015, China developed a new material crystal LSBO. Crystals are expected to be candidates for the next laser weapon. Go back to Sohu and see more
Chink shameless propaganda should be toned down a bit.
Since when did Chinks lead the world in weapons tech?
As recently as 2018, they purchased Russian S-400 and Su-35 throwing all their claims of stealth fighter development into doubt.
Their weapons are not battle tested, not exported to many countries, not tested in exercises with international forces. Given the censorship in tiongland, how to trust their media?
How to trust their bravado?
Worst of all, only dirt poor and/or rogue regimes acquire their weapons. Only the Thai junta acquired Tiong subs and battle tanks, not the democratic govt. Other customers include Pakistan, Myanmar or Sudan. Even Iran and North Korea shy away from acquiring these supposedly world leading Chink weaponry.
Since when did Chinks lead the world in weapons tech?
As recently as 2018, they purchased Russian S-400 and Su-35 throwing all their claims of stealth fighter development into doubt.
Their weapons are not battle tested, not exported to many countries, not tested in exercises with international forces. Given the censorship in tiongland, how to trust their media?
How to trust their bravado?
Worst of all, only dirt poor and/or rogue regimes acquire their weapons. Only the Thai junta acquired Tiong subs and battle tanks, not the democratic govt. Other customers include Pakistan, Myanmar or Sudan. Even Iran and North Korea shy away from acquiring these supposedly world leading Chink weaponry.
New carrier 002 (still not yet formally named) is handing over to PLA Navy, and the renewed upgraded LiaoNing is completed upgrading, went out to sea for test today, Inside another shipyard 003 is on opened yard for final assembly, will take another year to totally complete it. There is surely work in progress somewhere in yards for 004 & 005 nuke carriers.
An area in the sea was marked closed for military operation near shipyard recently, the schedule already hinted media few days ago, that LiaoNing is expected to take it's upgrade completion test at sea, within this marked zone.
https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-01-21/doc-ihrfqziz9584616.shtml
辽宁舰完成8个月维修后 今日离开大连船厂出海(图)
辽宁舰完成8个月维修后 今日离开大连船厂出海(图)
23
据网友@热武器时代的爱情故事消息，在大连进行维护与升级改造后的辽宁舰，于今日上午离开大连造船厂码头，开启海试。图为辽宁舰离开码头出海
抢在阅舰式前归队！中国海军辽宁舰改造完毕今日出海1/13
查看原图图集模式
据网友@热武器时代的爱情故事消息，在大连进行维护与升级改造后的辽宁舰，于今日上午离开大连造船厂码头，开启海试。（来源：热武器时代的爱情故事）
据辽宁省海事局发布的新禁航通告，1月21日至28日在黄海北部将执行军事任务。考虑到首艘国产航母刚刚进行了第四次海试，于1月8日刚刚返回大连造船厂，因此有推测认为这次进行测试的并非国产首艘航母，而是已经结束改装的16号辽宁舰。16号辽宁舰在2018年5月返回大连造船厂后一直在进行改造和升级维护，在该舰此次维护中船体和舰上的设备进行了维护升级，特别是根据多年来使用对其进行了改装升级。而这次划出的禁区，很可能就是对16号辽宁舰这次改装的首次海试。
新的海试禁区比国产航母更远离陆地
根据1月17号发布的辽航警0015号公告显示，在黄海北部，1月21日1800时至28日1800时，在1。 38°51′00″N122°15′00″E；2。 38°51′00″N122°49′00″E；3。 38°09′00″N122°49′00″E；4。 38°09′00″N122°15′00″E诸点连线范围内执行军事任务，禁止任何舰船与飞行器驶入。而根据卫星地图上的坐标连线所处位置，这次的禁航区域较之前的禁航区域更靠近黄海，距离大连港的更远——因为16号辽宁舰只是局部改装，在技术上更成熟，因此不需要在近海海试。
这次出海海试的只会是16号辽宁舰
之所以把这次辽航警0015号公告与首艘国产航母区分开来，是因为该航母刚刚在1月8结束了第四次海试返港，根本没有可能在短短13天内组织进行第五次海试的可能，但这次划定的禁航区又是只有航母海试才具备的面积，而16号辽宁舰此前也有消息证实已完成改装，所以这次的辽航警0015号公告只会是针对16号辽宁舰的。同时，此次辽航警0015号公告的时间段很短，只有区区7天，如此短的时间所进行的海试科目必定很有限，而这也十分符合16号辽宁舰的改装试验只是局部的新设备更新这一情况。
16号辽宁舰升级后战力大幅增强
很明显，从首艘国产航母结束第四次海试，到16号辽宁舰接续出海海试，显示中国有密集测试航母的技术和工程人员配备，这一能力目前也许只有中美两国具备。而中国连续进行航母的测试证明，一切关于航母的试验，都将在4月23日之前归零。这也就是说，16号辽宁舰也许在这次为期7天海试结束后，由于其已涂刷舰桥舷号，所以将很快再次归建海军作战舰艇序列。而首艘国产航母结束第四次海试后，或许已进入涂刷舷号的时刻，该舰最迟应在3月份交付中国海军。
中国将组织类似美国双航母战斗群受阅
分析认为，如今已没有人怀疑中国航母的发展速度：16号辽宁舰为期8个月的现代化改装即将完成，首艘国产航母于2017年4月下水后为期2年的舾装海试已经结束，这两艘航母不但将组建中国的首支双航母战斗群，其双双首秀就是参加即将在4月23日揭幕的中国海军建军70周年的海上国际阅兵式——届时将会有美国、俄罗斯、日本、韩国、新加坡、巴基斯坦、印度和泰国等国家的舰艇受阅。毫无疑问，16号辽宁舰与中国首艘国产航母，都在为着这一神圣时刻，而在加紧海试准备中……（作者署名：军评陈光文）
After the Liaoning ship completed the repair for 8 months, it left the Dalian shipyard to go to the sea today (Figure)
After the Liaoning ship completed the repair for 8 months, it left the Dalian shipyard to go to the sea today (Figure)
twenty three
According to the love story of the netizen @热武器时代, the Liaoning ship after maintenance and upgrade in Dalian left the Dalian Shipyard dock this morning to open the sea trial. The picture shows the Liaoning ship leaving the dock to go out to sea.
Grab the team before returning to the ship! The Chinese Navy’s Liaoning ship was rebuilt today and went out to sea 1/13
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According to the love story of the netizen @热武器时代, the Liaoning ship after maintenance and upgrade in Dalian left the Dalian Shipyard dock this morning to open the sea trial. (Source: Love story in the era of hot weapons)
According to the new banned navigation notice issued by the Liaoning Maritime Safety Administration, military missions will be carried out in the northern part of the Yellow Sea from January 21st to 28th. Considering that the first domestic aircraft carrier has just carried out the fourth sea trial, it just returned to Dalian Shipyard on January 8. Therefore, it is speculated that this test is not the first domestic aircraft carrier, but the 16th Liaoning, which has been modified. Ship. On the 16th, the Liaoning ship has been undergoing renovation and upgrading after returning to the Dalian Shipyard in May 2018. During the maintenance of the ship, the hull and the equipment on the ship were upgraded and maintained, especially according to the use of the ship for many years. Modification upgrade. The restricted area that was drawn this time is probably the first sea test for the modification of the 16th Liaoning ship.
The new sea test restricted zone is farther away from land than the domestic aircraft carrier
According to the announcement of Liaohang Police No. 0015 issued on January 17, in the northern part of the Yellow Sea, from 1800 hours on January 21 to 1800 hours on the 28th, at 1. 38° 51′00′′ N122° 15′00′′E; 2. 38° 51′00′′ N122°49′00′′E; 3. 38°09′00′′ N122°49′00′′E; 4. 38°09′00′′ N122°15′00′′E performs military missions within the range of points, prohibiting any ships and aircraft from entering. According to the location of the coordinate connection on the satellite map, this forbidden area is closer to the Yellow Sea than the previous no-go zone, and farther away from Dalian Port - because the 16th Liaoning ship is only partially modified, technically more Mature, so there is no need to test in the offshore sea.
This time, the sea test will only be the No. 16 Liaoning ship.
The reason why the announcement of Liaohang Police No. 0015 was separated from the first domestic aircraft carrier was because the aircraft carrier had just returned from the end of the fourth sea trial on January 8. It is impossible to organize the first in just 13 days. The possibility of five sea trials, but the designated forbidden zone is only the area that only the aircraft carrier sea test can have, and the Liaoning ship No. 16 has also confirmed that the modification has been completed, so this announcement of Liaohang Police No. 0015 It will only be for the 16th Liaoning ship. At the same time, the time period of the announcement of Liaohang Police No. 0015 is very short, only 7 days in the district. The sea test subjects conducted in such a short time must be very limited, and this is also in line with the modification test of the No. 16 Liaoning ship. The new device updates this situation.
On the 16th, the Liaoning ship was greatly enhanced after the upgrade.
Obviously, from the end of the first sea trial of the first domestic aircraft carrier to the continued sea-sea test of the Liaoning ship on the 16th, it shows that China has the technical and engineering staffing of the intensive test aircraft carrier. This capability may only be available to both China and the United States. The continuous test of China's aircraft carrier proves that all tests on aircraft carriers will be returned to zero by April 23. That is to say, the 16th Liaoning ship may soon be rebuilt into the naval warship sequence after the end of the 7-day sea trial, because it has painted the bridge number. After the first domestic aircraft carrier finished the fourth sea test, it may have entered the time of painting the ship number. The ship should be delivered to the Chinese Navy at the latest in March.
China will organize a similar study of the US dual aircraft carrier battle group
According to the analysis, no one now doubts the speed of development of the Chinese aircraft carrier: the eight-month modernization of the Liaoning ship on the 16th is about to be completed, and the two-year-old sea trial after the first domestic aircraft carrier was launched in April 2017 has ended. The two aircraft carriers will not only form China’s first dual aircraft carrier battle group, but their first show will be the maritime international military parade that will be unveiled on April 23, the 70th anniversary of the Chinese navy’s military build-up. Ships in countries such as Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Pakistan, India and Thailand are reviewed. There is no doubt that the 16th Liaoning ship and China's first domestic aircraft carrier are in the sacred moment, and are in the process of stepping up the sea trial... (Author: Military Review Chen Guangwen)
An area in the sea was marked closed for military operation near shipyard recently, the schedule already hinted media few days ago, that LiaoNing is expected to take it's upgrade completion test at sea, within this marked zone.
https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-01-21/doc-ihrfqziz9584616.shtml
辽宁舰完成8个月维修后 今日离开大连船厂出海(图)
辽宁舰完成8个月维修后 今日离开大连船厂出海(图)
23
据网友@热武器时代的爱情故事消息，在大连进行维护与升级改造后的辽宁舰，于今日上午离开大连造船厂码头，开启海试。图为辽宁舰离开码头出海
抢在阅舰式前归队！中国海军辽宁舰改造完毕今日出海1/13
查看原图图集模式
据网友@热武器时代的爱情故事消息，在大连进行维护与升级改造后的辽宁舰，于今日上午离开大连造船厂码头，开启海试。（来源：热武器时代的爱情故事）
据辽宁省海事局发布的新禁航通告，1月21日至28日在黄海北部将执行军事任务。考虑到首艘国产航母刚刚进行了第四次海试，于1月8日刚刚返回大连造船厂，因此有推测认为这次进行测试的并非国产首艘航母，而是已经结束改装的16号辽宁舰。16号辽宁舰在2018年5月返回大连造船厂后一直在进行改造和升级维护，在该舰此次维护中船体和舰上的设备进行了维护升级，特别是根据多年来使用对其进行了改装升级。而这次划出的禁区，很可能就是对16号辽宁舰这次改装的首次海试。
新的海试禁区比国产航母更远离陆地
根据1月17号发布的辽航警0015号公告显示，在黄海北部，1月21日1800时至28日1800时，在1。 38°51′00″N122°15′00″E；2。 38°51′00″N122°49′00″E；3。 38°09′00″N122°49′00″E；4。 38°09′00″N122°15′00″E诸点连线范围内执行军事任务，禁止任何舰船与飞行器驶入。而根据卫星地图上的坐标连线所处位置，这次的禁航区域较之前的禁航区域更靠近黄海，距离大连港的更远——因为16号辽宁舰只是局部改装，在技术上更成熟，因此不需要在近海海试。
这次出海海试的只会是16号辽宁舰
之所以把这次辽航警0015号公告与首艘国产航母区分开来，是因为该航母刚刚在1月8结束了第四次海试返港，根本没有可能在短短13天内组织进行第五次海试的可能，但这次划定的禁航区又是只有航母海试才具备的面积，而16号辽宁舰此前也有消息证实已完成改装，所以这次的辽航警0015号公告只会是针对16号辽宁舰的。同时，此次辽航警0015号公告的时间段很短，只有区区7天，如此短的时间所进行的海试科目必定很有限，而这也十分符合16号辽宁舰的改装试验只是局部的新设备更新这一情况。
16号辽宁舰升级后战力大幅增强
很明显，从首艘国产航母结束第四次海试，到16号辽宁舰接续出海海试，显示中国有密集测试航母的技术和工程人员配备，这一能力目前也许只有中美两国具备。而中国连续进行航母的测试证明，一切关于航母的试验，都将在4月23日之前归零。这也就是说，16号辽宁舰也许在这次为期7天海试结束后，由于其已涂刷舰桥舷号，所以将很快再次归建海军作战舰艇序列。而首艘国产航母结束第四次海试后，或许已进入涂刷舷号的时刻，该舰最迟应在3月份交付中国海军。
中国将组织类似美国双航母战斗群受阅
分析认为，如今已没有人怀疑中国航母的发展速度：16号辽宁舰为期8个月的现代化改装即将完成，首艘国产航母于2017年4月下水后为期2年的舾装海试已经结束，这两艘航母不但将组建中国的首支双航母战斗群，其双双首秀就是参加即将在4月23日揭幕的中国海军建军70周年的海上国际阅兵式——届时将会有美国、俄罗斯、日本、韩国、新加坡、巴基斯坦、印度和泰国等国家的舰艇受阅。毫无疑问，16号辽宁舰与中国首艘国产航母，都在为着这一神圣时刻，而在加紧海试准备中……（作者署名：军评陈光文）
After the Liaoning ship completed the repair for 8 months, it left the Dalian shipyard to go to the sea today (Figure)
After the Liaoning ship completed the repair for 8 months, it left the Dalian shipyard to go to the sea today (Figure)
twenty three
According to the love story of the netizen @热武器时代, the Liaoning ship after maintenance and upgrade in Dalian left the Dalian Shipyard dock this morning to open the sea trial. The picture shows the Liaoning ship leaving the dock to go out to sea.
Grab the team before returning to the ship! The Chinese Navy’s Liaoning ship was rebuilt today and went out to sea 1/13
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According to the love story of the netizen @热武器时代, the Liaoning ship after maintenance and upgrade in Dalian left the Dalian Shipyard dock this morning to open the sea trial. (Source: Love story in the era of hot weapons)
According to the new banned navigation notice issued by the Liaoning Maritime Safety Administration, military missions will be carried out in the northern part of the Yellow Sea from January 21st to 28th. Considering that the first domestic aircraft carrier has just carried out the fourth sea trial, it just returned to Dalian Shipyard on January 8. Therefore, it is speculated that this test is not the first domestic aircraft carrier, but the 16th Liaoning, which has been modified. Ship. On the 16th, the Liaoning ship has been undergoing renovation and upgrading after returning to the Dalian Shipyard in May 2018. During the maintenance of the ship, the hull and the equipment on the ship were upgraded and maintained, especially according to the use of the ship for many years. Modification upgrade. The restricted area that was drawn this time is probably the first sea test for the modification of the 16th Liaoning ship.
The new sea test restricted zone is farther away from land than the domestic aircraft carrier
According to the announcement of Liaohang Police No. 0015 issued on January 17, in the northern part of the Yellow Sea, from 1800 hours on January 21 to 1800 hours on the 28th, at 1. 38° 51′00′′ N122° 15′00′′E; 2. 38° 51′00′′ N122°49′00′′E; 3. 38°09′00′′ N122°49′00′′E; 4. 38°09′00′′ N122°15′00′′E performs military missions within the range of points, prohibiting any ships and aircraft from entering. According to the location of the coordinate connection on the satellite map, this forbidden area is closer to the Yellow Sea than the previous no-go zone, and farther away from Dalian Port - because the 16th Liaoning ship is only partially modified, technically more Mature, so there is no need to test in the offshore sea.
This time, the sea test will only be the No. 16 Liaoning ship.
The reason why the announcement of Liaohang Police No. 0015 was separated from the first domestic aircraft carrier was because the aircraft carrier had just returned from the end of the fourth sea trial on January 8. It is impossible to organize the first in just 13 days. The possibility of five sea trials, but the designated forbidden zone is only the area that only the aircraft carrier sea test can have, and the Liaoning ship No. 16 has also confirmed that the modification has been completed, so this announcement of Liaohang Police No. 0015 It will only be for the 16th Liaoning ship. At the same time, the time period of the announcement of Liaohang Police No. 0015 is very short, only 7 days in the district. The sea test subjects conducted in such a short time must be very limited, and this is also in line with the modification test of the No. 16 Liaoning ship. The new device updates this situation.
On the 16th, the Liaoning ship was greatly enhanced after the upgrade.
Obviously, from the end of the first sea trial of the first domestic aircraft carrier to the continued sea-sea test of the Liaoning ship on the 16th, it shows that China has the technical and engineering staffing of the intensive test aircraft carrier. This capability may only be available to both China and the United States. The continuous test of China's aircraft carrier proves that all tests on aircraft carriers will be returned to zero by April 23. That is to say, the 16th Liaoning ship may soon be rebuilt into the naval warship sequence after the end of the 7-day sea trial, because it has painted the bridge number. After the first domestic aircraft carrier finished the fourth sea test, it may have entered the time of painting the ship number. The ship should be delivered to the Chinese Navy at the latest in March.
China will organize a similar study of the US dual aircraft carrier battle group
According to the analysis, no one now doubts the speed of development of the Chinese aircraft carrier: the eight-month modernization of the Liaoning ship on the 16th is about to be completed, and the two-year-old sea trial after the first domestic aircraft carrier was launched in April 2017 has ended. The two aircraft carriers will not only form China’s first dual aircraft carrier battle group, but their first show will be the maritime international military parade that will be unveiled on April 23, the 70th anniversary of the Chinese navy’s military build-up. Ships in countries such as Japan, South Korea, Singapore, Pakistan, India and Thailand are reviewed. There is no doubt that the 16th Liaoning ship and China's first domestic aircraft carrier are in the sacred moment, and are in the process of stepping up the sea trial... (Author: Military Review Chen Guangwen)
Upgraded LiaoNing carrier pics
Original Soviet Varyag began construction in 1983. Sold to China in 1998. 1st upgrade by Chinese completed in 2011. This is 2nd upgrade in 2018, which spent several months.
http://slide.mil.news.sina.com.cn/h/slide_8_62085_70043.html#p=1
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
据环球时报1月21日报道，今天上午中国海军辽宁舰在多艘拖船的簇拥下离开大连造船厂码头。从网上曝光的图片可以看到，辽宁舰的飞行甲板上还停放有一架歼15舰载机的模型。辽宁舰于去年5月返回大连造船厂进行维护升级时，曾恰好与不久前刚刚完成首次海试返回大连造船厂的首艘国产航母相遇。而在首艘国产航母近日刚刚完成第四次海试之际，辽宁舰也在经过近9月份的改造后首次出海。在之前的文章中，我们曾经详细讨论了国产航母第四次海试的细节，那么此次辽宁舰在出海前到底进行了哪些改造，这些改造又对辽宁舰的性能带来哪些提升。本期《出鞘》就来谈辽宁舰的改造与海试。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
辽宁舰上一次返回大连造船厂进行维护，还是在2014年。由于之后辽宁舰又担负了大量试验和训练任务，包括远洋机动、跨区机动训练等，使用强度一直较大，导致航母和舰上的设备不可避免地出现了磨损和老化等问题，需要进行维护和修理。因此在2018年5月辽宁舰又返回大连造船厂，对舰体进行了修理和维护，包括清除船底附着物，以及对螺旋桨、轴系进行探伤和维护等。此外大连造船厂也对航母上的设备如雷达、电子系统、武器系统等进行了维护，并对航母发动机、飞行甲板、阻拦索和挡焰板等进行了整修。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
辽宁舰此次改装的一大重点是升级电子设备和作战指挥管理系统。因为中国之前没有航母的使用经验，所以辽宁舰在瓦良格航母的基础上并没有对其舰艇结构做过太大变动，只是加装了不少国产设备。但经过这几年的使用后，我们对航母的应用有了更深的了解，而且对舰载设备的功能和性能也有了新的要求，再加上我军电子设备更新换代加速，所以也需要对辽宁舰上的各种国产电子设备进行维护升级。虽然从外观上看不出辽宁舰的内部设备进行了哪些改进，但从002号航母的配置来看，此次升级应该是换用不少与002号航母相同的设备。这样不仅可以减少维护成本，还降低了以后两艘航母进行联合作战时的协同难度。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
不过从之前网上曝光的图片还是可以看出，辽宁舰的对空警戒雷达曾经卸下来更换过。辽宁舰原本的对空警戒雷达是国产海鹰三座标对空警戒雷达，它也是中国海军比较常见的舰载对空警戒雷达。这款俗称“国产顶板”的雷达是中国仿照俄罗斯顶板三座标雷达研制的，包括054A型护卫舰等我军现有主力舰艇都有装备（但054A型出口型已换用国产SR2410C雷达）。这种雷达与同样装在辽宁舰上的346型有源相控阵雷达相比，技术难度相对较低，结构也比较简单，因此耗电率相对也比较少，通常可作为值班雷达使用，但缺点就是抗电子干扰能力差，无法实现二维电子扫描等，快速反应和多目标能力也较差。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
由于辽宁舰长时间作为作战强度并不大的训练舰使用，因此被当作值班雷达使用的海鹰对空警戒雷达难免要时常开机。再加上辽宁舰在返回大连造船厂进行改造之前，还曾在海上进行过长时间的部署，这也进一步导致海鹰雷达的零部件，比同在辽宁舰上的346型相控阵雷达更容易受到损伤。因此辽宁舰在此次入坞改造时，也将整个海鹰雷达给拆除。大连造船厂除了可能对雷达上相关的器件进行更换和测试外，还可能对其进行了大幅的技术升级，包括换装最新的器件和升级软件系统等以改善海鹰雷达的探测性能。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
辽宁舰上的346型有源相控阵雷达是中国海军第一款舰载多功能有源相控阵雷达（但我国第一款舰载相控阵雷达却是381型），常被戏称为“板砖”。它不仅具有灵敏度高、探测距离远、掌握目标数量多和扫描灵活等优点，还可以对付高速和高机动目标，主要承担辽宁舰的空中警戒、目标识别和指挥引导等任务，是辽宁舰在海鹰雷达之外的主要对空探测手段。这种雷达不仅装备在辽宁舰上，还装备在了052C型驱逐舰上。在052C型驱逐舰上这款雷达不仅负责对空探测，还可为海红旗-9防空导弹提供制导。但这款相控阵雷达也有一个缺陷，那就是没有采用液冷系统，而是采用了风冷，这就会使得雷达的使用性能有所下降。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
在这次辽宁舰入厂改造之前，原本也有声音认为它会换装最新的液冷相控阵雷达，从网上最新曝光的图片来看，辽宁舰相控阵雷达上的弧形罩并未消失，这也表明辽宁舰其实依旧沿用了原有的风冷系统。其实目前中国早已研制成功高效率的雷达液冷系统，而且海军也为正在大量生产的055型驱逐舰和刚刚完成第四次海试的首艘国产航空母舰都换装了这种装备国产液冷系统的改进型有源相控阵雷达。辽宁舰此次改造并未换装液冷系统，一是可能因为相控阵雷达造价昂贵，在346型雷达并未达到使用年限的情况下，并没有必要如此“土豪”；二是因为辽宁舰的定位尚属训练舰，相控阵雷达性能的些许下降，对于海军来说并非是难以忍受的问题。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
辽宁舰此次改装的另一大重点毫无疑问是舰桥了，而航空舰桥又是此次改造中变动最大的部分。航空舰桥又被称为主飞行控制室，它的任务就是保证航母舰载机能够迅速、安全起降。应该说航空舰桥在某种程度上，决定着一定时间内航母舰载机的出动能力，对于航母战力的发挥有着直接的影响。美军航母主飞行控制室通常位于舰岛最高处，前方和左边都有连续的窗户，这不仅可以提供宽阔的视野，还能够容纳10名管制员及相关设备。这主要是因为美军航母舰载机较多，日出动架次可能达到上百次。这就要求航空舰桥能够提供足够掌握舰载机在甲板调度和起降情况的观察空间。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
中国海军在改装辽宁舰的时候，由于考虑到进度等因素，并没有对瓦良格号的航空舰桥进行过太大改动。而这一次选择对其进行改进，一方面是考虑到辽宁舰的活动海域与苏联航母存在较大差异，观察窗样式不必完全拘泥于原本的苏系设计；另一方面则是因为中国海军对舰载机出动能力的要求也相对较高，这就对航母管制员的数量提出了更高要求。此外还要在航空舰桥安装相应的电子设备，而这些都需要航空舰桥内部拥有更大的空间。比如在辽宁舰服役之后，中国海军就通过一系列的海上部署运用，发现原有航空舰桥难以容纳较多的管制人员和信息设备，这无疑限制了辽宁舰监控舰载机起降的能力，相应也限制了歼15舰载机的最大出动能力。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
此次辽宁舰的航空舰桥改装主要是拆除了八角亭式的指挥塔台，此外舷窗也明显加宽了很多，使得航空舰桥的内部空间比原有设计增大了不少。除此之外，辽宁舰的航海舰桥也将原本长形舷窗进一步加宽，这使得辽宁舰的舰桥设计进一步向首艘国产航母靠拢，不过还是没有像国产航母那样将编队指挥舰桥和航海舰桥分层。目前国产航母的航海舰桥主要是2+3+2的大型加宽玻璃窗布局，这也是我军首次在水面主战舰艇上采用这种超大观察窗设计。总的来说，辽宁舰的观察视野在整个舰桥打通后变得更加良好，而这无疑可提高辽宁舰以后的指挥和运作效率。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
而在空中交通管制塔被拆除之后，大连造船厂也在原属于空中交通管制塔位置的上方涂刷了辽宁舰的舷号16。在辽宁舰的舰岛上涂刷舷号的行为，可以认为是在为中国海军今后服役更多的航母，以及组建多航母编队进行准备。因为这一涂装的首要功能，就是帮助舰载机飞行员在空中更好地识别航母的身份。同时我们也可以发现，辽宁舰的舰岛舷号上至今并未镶嵌彩灯。美军航母在夜间起降时为了便于舰载机飞行员进行分辨，还专门给舰岛上的舷号装上了一圈彩灯。相信随着辽宁舰与国产航母今后更大频率地组织混编进行夜间起降训练，未来也会装上舷号彩灯。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
值得一提的是，辽宁舰在舰岛喷绘舷号时还曾出现过“差错”。比如在第一次涂刷时，就曾因为“6”的涂刷尺寸太大，只好推倒重来。辽宁舰的舷号尺寸要比美军航母小，在于辽宁舰舰岛侧面布置的排气装置面积较大，因此舷号“16”就不得不缩小些尺寸。此外辽宁舰还特地保留了舷侧舷号，而这也是我军与美军做法不同的地方。因为中国海军军舰，无论是护卫舰还是驱逐舰，基本上都会在舰首的侧面涂刷有舷号。而美军则是因为在一开始建造航母时，造船厂便不在舰首两侧喷刷舷号，海军出于工时考虑，便也延续了不涂刷舷侧舷号的做法。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
另外辽宁舰在此次改装过程中，虽然没有直接的图片证据，但还是有可能对原本安装在飞行甲板前部下方的P-700反舰导弹发射筒的残余部分进行了清除作业。过去大连造船厂在对瓦良格号进行改装时，由于这里与机库并不连接且分布着大量的水密舱门，因此出于降低改装难度的考虑，并没有对其进行过多的改动。不过这个问题在此次改装工作中却并不存在，应该说如果改装成功的话，航母机库可以携带歼15战机的数量将会增加不少，辽宁舰的战斗力因此将进一步提高。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
此外辽宁舰还可能在补给设备方面进行了系统升级。之前辽宁舰在与“呼伦湖”号补给舰进行联合训练的时候，曾有报道显示两舰在补给物资的处理能力上差距不小。901型补给舰不仅吨位巨大和运载物资众多，而且舰内的物资转运系统也设计得相当先进高效。但辽宁舰却因为时代原因，物资补给接收系统的设计水平比较落后，难以充分发挥“呼伦湖”号强大的物资补给能力。所以如果此次大连造船厂对辽宁舰的物资转运系统在自动化等方面进行了提升，也会进一步提升未来整个辽宁舰编队的持续作战能力。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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而在恢复舰载机飞行员的常态性海上训练之后，辽宁舰还要和护航舰艇编队进行远洋机动等方面的作战训练。在航母逐渐列装之后，中国海军在作战能力的建设方面，很大程度上其实就是在围绕着航母编队来进行的，辽宁舰的重要作用显而易见。另外随着中国首艘国产航母海试已经进入尾声，中国海军完全有希望在2020年之前组建双航母编队，从而进一步提高中国海军的远洋作战能力。辽宁舰此次改造和归建，不仅有利于培养以国产航母为核心的护航舰艇编队，也有助于中国海军探索多航母编队的战力生成模式等。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
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According to the Global Times on January 21, this morning, the Chinese Navy’s Liaoning ship left the Dalian Shipyard Terminal in the presence of several tugs. It can be seen from the pictures exposed on the Internet that a model of the 歼15 carrier aircraft is still parked on the flight deck of the Liaoning ship. When the Liaoning ship returned to Dalian Shipyard for maintenance and upgrade in May last year, it happened to meet the first domestic aircraft carrier that had just completed the first sea test and returned to Dalian Shipyard. On the occasion of the first domestic aircraft carrier recently completed the fourth sea test, the Liaoning ship also went to sea for the first time after the transformation in September. In the previous article, we discussed in detail the details of the fourth sea trial of the domestic aircraft carrier, then what transformations have been made to the Liaoning ship before going out to sea, and these improvements have brought about an improvement in the performance of the Liaoning ship. In this issue of "Sheathing", I will talk about the transformation and sea trial of the Liaoning ship.
Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
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The Liaoning ship returned to Dalian Shipyard for maintenance once, but it was still in 2014. Since the Liaoning ship has also undertaken a large number of tests and training tasks, including ocean-going maneuvers and cross-regional maneuver training, the intensity of use has been large, resulting in inevitable wear and aging problems in aircraft carriers and shipboard equipment. Maintenance is required. And repair. Therefore, in May 2018, the Liaoning ship returned to the Dalian Shipyard to repair and maintain the hull, including the removal of the bottom of the ship and the inspection and maintenance of the propeller and shafting. In addition, Dalian Shipyard also carried out maintenance on equipment such as radar, electronic systems and weapon systems on the aircraft carrier, and renovated the aircraft engine, flight deck, blocking cable and flame shield.
Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
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A major focus of the Liaoning ship's modification is the upgrade of electronic equipment and operational command management systems. Because China did not have experience in using aircraft carriers before, the Liaoning ship did not make much changes to its ship structure on the basis of the Varyag aircraft carrier, but only installed a lot of domestic equipment. However, after years of use, we have a deeper understanding of the application of the aircraft carrier, and also have new requirements for the function and performance of the shipborne equipment, coupled with the acceleration of our military electronic equipment replacement, so it also needs Various domestic electronic equipment on the ship of Liaoning are maintained and upgraded. Although it is not obvious from the appearance of the improvement of the internal equipment of the Liaoning ship, from the configuration of the carrier No. 002, the upgrade should be replaced with many of the same equipment as the 002 aircraft carrier. This not only reduces maintenance costs, but also reduces the coordination difficulty of the next two aircraft carriers in joint operations.
Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
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However, it can be seen from the pictures exposed on the Internet that the Liaoning ship’s air warning radar has been removed and replaced. The original air-to-air warning radar of the Liaoning ship is the domestic sea eagle three-seat air-to-air warning radar. It is also a relatively common ship-to-air warning radar of the Chinese navy. This radar, commonly known as "domestic roof", was developed in China following the Russian three-coordinate radar. It includes the 054A frigate and other existing main ships of our military (but the 054A export type has been replaced with the domestic SR2410C radar). Compared with the 346 active phased array radar also installed on the Liaoning ship, this kind of radar has relatively low technical difficulty and relatively simple structure. Therefore, the power consumption rate is relatively small, and it can usually be used as a duty radar, but The disadvantage is that the ability to resist electronic interference is poor, two-dimensional electronic scanning cannot be realized, and the rapid response and multi-target capability are also poor.
Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
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Since the Liaoning ship has been used as a training ship with little combat strength for a long time, it is inevitable that the sea eagle air-to-air warning radar used as a duty radar will always be turned on. In addition, before the return of the Liaoning ship to the Dalian Shipyard for reconstruction, it was also deployed at sea for a long time, which further led to the parts of the Seahawk Radar, which is more than the 346 phased array radar on the Liaoning ship. It is susceptible to damage. Therefore, the Liaoning ship also removed the entire Seahawk radar during the docking transformation. In addition to possible replacement and testing of related components on the radar, Dalian Shipyard may also undergo substantial technical upgrades, including the replacement of the latest devices and upgraded software systems to improve the detection performance of Seahawk radar.
Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
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The 346-type active phased array radar on the Liaoning ship is the first naval multi-function active phased array radar of the Chinese navy (but the first shipborne phased array radar in China is the 381 type), often dubbed "Brick bricks." It not only has the advantages of high sensitivity, long detection distance, large number of targets and flexible scanning, but also can deal with high-speed and high-mobility targets. It mainly undertakes tasks such as air warning, target recognition and command and guidance of Liaoning ships. It is a ship in Liaoning. The main air-to-air detection means outside the eagle radar. This type of radar is not only equipped on the Liaoning ship, but also on the 052C destroyer. On the 052C destroyer, this radar is not only responsible for air-to-air detection, but also provides guidance for the Haihongqi-9 air defense missile. However, this phased array radar also has a drawback, that is, the use of liquid cooling system, but the use of air cooling, which will reduce the performance of the radar.
Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
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Before the transformation of the Liaoning ship into the factory, there was also a voice that it would replace the latest liquid-cooled phased array radar. From the latest exposure pictures on the Internet, the curved cover on the Liaoning phased array radar did not disappear. This also shows that the Liaoning ship still uses the original air cooling system. In fact, China has already developed a highly efficient radar liquid cooling system, and the Navy has also refitted the domestic liquid cooling system for the mass-produced Type 055 destroyer and the first domestic aircraft carrier that has just completed the fourth sea test. Improved active phased array radar. The Liaoning ship has not been replaced with a liquid cooling system. First, it may be because the phased array radar is expensive. In the case that the 346 radar has not reached the service life, there is no need for such a "local tyrant"; the second is because the Liaoning ship The positioning is still a training ship, and the performance of the phased array radar has dropped slightly, which is not an unbearable problem for the Navy.
Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
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Another major focus of the Liaoning ship's modification is undoubtedly the bridge, and the aviation bridge is the biggest change in this transformation. The air bridge is also known as the main flight control room. Its mission is to ensure that the aircraft carrier can quickly and safely take off and land. It should be said that to some extent, the aviation bridge determines the ability of the aircraft carrier to be dispatched within a certain period of time, which has a direct impact on the performance of the aircraft carrier. The US aircraft carrier's main flight control room is usually located at the highest point of the island, with continuous windows on the front and left side, which not only provides a wide view, but also can accommodate 10 controllers and related equipment. This is mainly because the US aircraft carrier has more aircraft, and the number of sunrise movements may reach hundreds of times. This requires the aviation bridge to provide sufficient observation space for the decking and take-off and landing of the aircraft.
Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
Original Soviet Varyag began construction in 1983. Sold to China in 1998. 1st upgrade by Chinese completed in 2011. This is 2nd upgrade in 2018, which spent several months.
http://slide.mil.news.sina.com.cn/h/slide_8_62085_70043.html#p=1
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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据环球时报1月21日报道，今天上午中国海军辽宁舰在多艘拖船的簇拥下离开大连造船厂码头。从网上曝光的图片可以看到，辽宁舰的飞行甲板上还停放有一架歼15舰载机的模型。辽宁舰于去年5月返回大连造船厂进行维护升级时，曾恰好与不久前刚刚完成首次海试返回大连造船厂的首艘国产航母相遇。而在首艘国产航母近日刚刚完成第四次海试之际，辽宁舰也在经过近9月份的改造后首次出海。在之前的文章中，我们曾经详细讨论了国产航母第四次海试的细节，那么此次辽宁舰在出海前到底进行了哪些改造，这些改造又对辽宁舰的性能带来哪些提升。本期《出鞘》就来谈辽宁舰的改造与海试。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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辽宁舰上一次返回大连造船厂进行维护，还是在2014年。由于之后辽宁舰又担负了大量试验和训练任务，包括远洋机动、跨区机动训练等，使用强度一直较大，导致航母和舰上的设备不可避免地出现了磨损和老化等问题，需要进行维护和修理。因此在2018年5月辽宁舰又返回大连造船厂，对舰体进行了修理和维护，包括清除船底附着物，以及对螺旋桨、轴系进行探伤和维护等。此外大连造船厂也对航母上的设备如雷达、电子系统、武器系统等进行了维护，并对航母发动机、飞行甲板、阻拦索和挡焰板等进行了整修。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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辽宁舰此次改装的一大重点是升级电子设备和作战指挥管理系统。因为中国之前没有航母的使用经验，所以辽宁舰在瓦良格航母的基础上并没有对其舰艇结构做过太大变动，只是加装了不少国产设备。但经过这几年的使用后，我们对航母的应用有了更深的了解，而且对舰载设备的功能和性能也有了新的要求，再加上我军电子设备更新换代加速，所以也需要对辽宁舰上的各种国产电子设备进行维护升级。虽然从外观上看不出辽宁舰的内部设备进行了哪些改进，但从002号航母的配置来看，此次升级应该是换用不少与002号航母相同的设备。这样不仅可以减少维护成本，还降低了以后两艘航母进行联合作战时的协同难度。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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不过从之前网上曝光的图片还是可以看出，辽宁舰的对空警戒雷达曾经卸下来更换过。辽宁舰原本的对空警戒雷达是国产海鹰三座标对空警戒雷达，它也是中国海军比较常见的舰载对空警戒雷达。这款俗称“国产顶板”的雷达是中国仿照俄罗斯顶板三座标雷达研制的，包括054A型护卫舰等我军现有主力舰艇都有装备（但054A型出口型已换用国产SR2410C雷达）。这种雷达与同样装在辽宁舰上的346型有源相控阵雷达相比，技术难度相对较低，结构也比较简单，因此耗电率相对也比较少，通常可作为值班雷达使用，但缺点就是抗电子干扰能力差，无法实现二维电子扫描等，快速反应和多目标能力也较差。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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由于辽宁舰长时间作为作战强度并不大的训练舰使用，因此被当作值班雷达使用的海鹰对空警戒雷达难免要时常开机。再加上辽宁舰在返回大连造船厂进行改造之前，还曾在海上进行过长时间的部署，这也进一步导致海鹰雷达的零部件，比同在辽宁舰上的346型相控阵雷达更容易受到损伤。因此辽宁舰在此次入坞改造时，也将整个海鹰雷达给拆除。大连造船厂除了可能对雷达上相关的器件进行更换和测试外，还可能对其进行了大幅的技术升级，包括换装最新的器件和升级软件系统等以改善海鹰雷达的探测性能。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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辽宁舰上的346型有源相控阵雷达是中国海军第一款舰载多功能有源相控阵雷达（但我国第一款舰载相控阵雷达却是381型），常被戏称为“板砖”。它不仅具有灵敏度高、探测距离远、掌握目标数量多和扫描灵活等优点，还可以对付高速和高机动目标，主要承担辽宁舰的空中警戒、目标识别和指挥引导等任务，是辽宁舰在海鹰雷达之外的主要对空探测手段。这种雷达不仅装备在辽宁舰上，还装备在了052C型驱逐舰上。在052C型驱逐舰上这款雷达不仅负责对空探测，还可为海红旗-9防空导弹提供制导。但这款相控阵雷达也有一个缺陷，那就是没有采用液冷系统，而是采用了风冷，这就会使得雷达的使用性能有所下降。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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在这次辽宁舰入厂改造之前，原本也有声音认为它会换装最新的液冷相控阵雷达，从网上最新曝光的图片来看，辽宁舰相控阵雷达上的弧形罩并未消失，这也表明辽宁舰其实依旧沿用了原有的风冷系统。其实目前中国早已研制成功高效率的雷达液冷系统，而且海军也为正在大量生产的055型驱逐舰和刚刚完成第四次海试的首艘国产航空母舰都换装了这种装备国产液冷系统的改进型有源相控阵雷达。辽宁舰此次改造并未换装液冷系统，一是可能因为相控阵雷达造价昂贵，在346型雷达并未达到使用年限的情况下，并没有必要如此“土豪”；二是因为辽宁舰的定位尚属训练舰，相控阵雷达性能的些许下降，对于海军来说并非是难以忍受的问题。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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辽宁舰此次改装的另一大重点毫无疑问是舰桥了，而航空舰桥又是此次改造中变动最大的部分。航空舰桥又被称为主飞行控制室，它的任务就是保证航母舰载机能够迅速、安全起降。应该说航空舰桥在某种程度上，决定着一定时间内航母舰载机的出动能力，对于航母战力的发挥有着直接的影响。美军航母主飞行控制室通常位于舰岛最高处，前方和左边都有连续的窗户，这不仅可以提供宽阔的视野，还能够容纳10名管制员及相关设备。这主要是因为美军航母舰载机较多，日出动架次可能达到上百次。这就要求航空舰桥能够提供足够掌握舰载机在甲板调度和起降情况的观察空间。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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辽宁舰航空舰桥延续的是瓦良格航母的原有设计，而后者又来源于基辅级航母。基辅级航母的雅克-38垂直/短距起降战斗机活动区域主要集中在舰艉，加上数量有限，需要的控制员数量也较少，导致航空舰桥内部空间也比较小。此后瓦良格号的航空舰桥沿用了位于舰岛尾部的设计，不仅内部空间小，而且位置也偏低。这样做的原因，可能一方面在于苏联仍然认为舰载机的降落比起飞更加困难，所以仍把飞行管制的重点放在了舰艉；另一方面则可能是考虑到苏系航母搭载舰载机的数量一般较少，而且出动能力也往往低于美军航母，所以对管制员数量的要求仍然不高。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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中国海军在改装辽宁舰的时候，由于考虑到进度等因素，并没有对瓦良格号的航空舰桥进行过太大改动。而这一次选择对其进行改进，一方面是考虑到辽宁舰的活动海域与苏联航母存在较大差异，观察窗样式不必完全拘泥于原本的苏系设计；另一方面则是因为中国海军对舰载机出动能力的要求也相对较高，这就对航母管制员的数量提出了更高要求。此外还要在航空舰桥安装相应的电子设备，而这些都需要航空舰桥内部拥有更大的空间。比如在辽宁舰服役之后，中国海军就通过一系列的海上部署运用，发现原有航空舰桥难以容纳较多的管制人员和信息设备，这无疑限制了辽宁舰监控舰载机起降的能力，相应也限制了歼15舰载机的最大出动能力。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
此次辽宁舰的航空舰桥改装主要是拆除了八角亭式的指挥塔台，此外舷窗也明显加宽了很多，使得航空舰桥的内部空间比原有设计增大了不少。除此之外，辽宁舰的航海舰桥也将原本长形舷窗进一步加宽，这使得辽宁舰的舰桥设计进一步向首艘国产航母靠拢，不过还是没有像国产航母那样将编队指挥舰桥和航海舰桥分层。目前国产航母的航海舰桥主要是2+3+2的大型加宽玻璃窗布局，这也是我军首次在水面主战舰艇上采用这种超大观察窗设计。总的来说，辽宁舰的观察视野在整个舰桥打通后变得更加良好，而这无疑可提高辽宁舰以后的指挥和运作效率。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
而在空中交通管制塔被拆除之后，大连造船厂也在原属于空中交通管制塔位置的上方涂刷了辽宁舰的舷号16。在辽宁舰的舰岛上涂刷舷号的行为，可以认为是在为中国海军今后服役更多的航母，以及组建多航母编队进行准备。因为这一涂装的首要功能，就是帮助舰载机飞行员在空中更好地识别航母的身份。同时我们也可以发现，辽宁舰的舰岛舷号上至今并未镶嵌彩灯。美军航母在夜间起降时为了便于舰载机飞行员进行分辨，还专门给舰岛上的舷号装上了一圈彩灯。相信随着辽宁舰与国产航母今后更大频率地组织混编进行夜间起降训练，未来也会装上舷号彩灯。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
值得一提的是，辽宁舰在舰岛喷绘舷号时还曾出现过“差错”。比如在第一次涂刷时，就曾因为“6”的涂刷尺寸太大，只好推倒重来。辽宁舰的舷号尺寸要比美军航母小，在于辽宁舰舰岛侧面布置的排气装置面积较大，因此舷号“16”就不得不缩小些尺寸。此外辽宁舰还特地保留了舷侧舷号，而这也是我军与美军做法不同的地方。因为中国海军军舰，无论是护卫舰还是驱逐舰，基本上都会在舰首的侧面涂刷有舷号。而美军则是因为在一开始建造航母时，造船厂便不在舰首两侧喷刷舷号，海军出于工时考虑，便也延续了不涂刷舷侧舷号的做法。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
另外辽宁舰在此次改装过程中，虽然没有直接的图片证据，但还是有可能对原本安装在飞行甲板前部下方的P-700反舰导弹发射筒的残余部分进行了清除作业。过去大连造船厂在对瓦良格号进行改装时，由于这里与机库并不连接且分布着大量的水密舱门，因此出于降低改装难度的考虑，并没有对其进行过多的改动。不过这个问题在此次改装工作中却并不存在，应该说如果改装成功的话，航母机库可以携带歼15战机的数量将会增加不少，辽宁舰的战斗力因此将进一步提高。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
此外辽宁舰还可能在补给设备方面进行了系统升级。之前辽宁舰在与“呼伦湖”号补给舰进行联合训练的时候，曾有报道显示两舰在补给物资的处理能力上差距不小。901型补给舰不仅吨位巨大和运载物资众多，而且舰内的物资转运系统也设计得相当先进高效。但辽宁舰却因为时代原因，物资补给接收系统的设计水平比较落后，难以充分发挥“呼伦湖”号强大的物资补给能力。所以如果此次大连造船厂对辽宁舰的物资转运系统在自动化等方面进行了提升，也会进一步提升未来整个辽宁舰编队的持续作战能力。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
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在此次出海海试之后，辽宁舰相信很快就将回归到海军的序列。而辽宁舰在返回部队之后，第一件要做的事可能就是尽快恢复歼15舰载机的常态化训练。目前中国海军舰载航空兵部队主要是在海航的飞训基地进行训练，虽然这些基地拥有完备的模拟起降设施，但毕竟还是难以完美复现真实的海上起降状态。如果舰载航空兵部队长期无法在航母进行作战训练，势必会影响战斗力的生成。此外培养更多具备夜间着舰能力的舰载机飞行员，也都需要辽宁舰尽快归建进行配合。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
而在恢复舰载机飞行员的常态性海上训练之后，辽宁舰还要和护航舰艇编队进行远洋机动等方面的作战训练。在航母逐渐列装之后，中国海军在作战能力的建设方面，很大程度上其实就是在围绕着航母编队来进行的，辽宁舰的重要作用显而易见。另外随着中国首艘国产航母海试已经进入尾声，中国海军完全有希望在2020年之前组建双航母编队，从而进一步提高中国海军的远洋作战能力。辽宁舰此次改造和归建，不仅有利于培养以国产航母为核心的护航舰艇编队，也有助于中国海军探索多航母编队的战力生成模式等。
而今迈步从头越：辽宁舰改造如何塑造中国海军新战力
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
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而从最近国内媒体引述日本媒体的消息来看，中国海军也将在今年4月的海军建军70周年时组织国际阅舰式，而辽宁舰必然会是其中的主角。所以辽宁舰在改造完成后进行这次海试，也有助于其被尽快移交给中国海军，从而为阅舰式的彩排提供准备时间。另外据国内媒体报道，美国海军作战部长理查德森曾在本月18日威胁称，美国海军不排除会派遣航母穿过台湾海峡。为了回应美军，辽宁舰也必须尽快回归到中国海军的作战序列中去。那么本期《出鞘》就到这里，我们下期再见。
Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
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According to the Global Times on January 21, this morning, the Chinese Navy’s Liaoning ship left the Dalian Shipyard Terminal in the presence of several tugs. It can be seen from the pictures exposed on the Internet that a model of the 歼15 carrier aircraft is still parked on the flight deck of the Liaoning ship. When the Liaoning ship returned to Dalian Shipyard for maintenance and upgrade in May last year, it happened to meet the first domestic aircraft carrier that had just completed the first sea test and returned to Dalian Shipyard. On the occasion of the first domestic aircraft carrier recently completed the fourth sea test, the Liaoning ship also went to sea for the first time after the transformation in September. In the previous article, we discussed in detail the details of the fourth sea trial of the domestic aircraft carrier, then what transformations have been made to the Liaoning ship before going out to sea, and these improvements have brought about an improvement in the performance of the Liaoning ship. In this issue of "Sheathing", I will talk about the transformation and sea trial of the Liaoning ship.
Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
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The Liaoning ship returned to Dalian Shipyard for maintenance once, but it was still in 2014. Since the Liaoning ship has also undertaken a large number of tests and training tasks, including ocean-going maneuvers and cross-regional maneuver training, the intensity of use has been large, resulting in inevitable wear and aging problems in aircraft carriers and shipboard equipment. Maintenance is required. And repair. Therefore, in May 2018, the Liaoning ship returned to the Dalian Shipyard to repair and maintain the hull, including the removal of the bottom of the ship and the inspection and maintenance of the propeller and shafting. In addition, Dalian Shipyard also carried out maintenance on equipment such as radar, electronic systems and weapon systems on the aircraft carrier, and renovated the aircraft engine, flight deck, blocking cable and flame shield.
Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
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A major focus of the Liaoning ship's modification is the upgrade of electronic equipment and operational command management systems. Because China did not have experience in using aircraft carriers before, the Liaoning ship did not make much changes to its ship structure on the basis of the Varyag aircraft carrier, but only installed a lot of domestic equipment. However, after years of use, we have a deeper understanding of the application of the aircraft carrier, and also have new requirements for the function and performance of the shipborne equipment, coupled with the acceleration of our military electronic equipment replacement, so it also needs Various domestic electronic equipment on the ship of Liaoning are maintained and upgraded. Although it is not obvious from the appearance of the improvement of the internal equipment of the Liaoning ship, from the configuration of the carrier No. 002, the upgrade should be replaced with many of the same equipment as the 002 aircraft carrier. This not only reduces maintenance costs, but also reduces the coordination difficulty of the next two aircraft carriers in joint operations.
Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
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2019.01.21 19:16:34
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However, it can be seen from the pictures exposed on the Internet that the Liaoning ship’s air warning radar has been removed and replaced. The original air-to-air warning radar of the Liaoning ship is the domestic sea eagle three-seat air-to-air warning radar. It is also a relatively common ship-to-air warning radar of the Chinese navy. This radar, commonly known as "domestic roof", was developed in China following the Russian three-coordinate radar. It includes the 054A frigate and other existing main ships of our military (but the 054A export type has been replaced with the domestic SR2410C radar). Compared with the 346 active phased array radar also installed on the Liaoning ship, this kind of radar has relatively low technical difficulty and relatively simple structure. Therefore, the power consumption rate is relatively small, and it can usually be used as a duty radar, but The disadvantage is that the ability to resist electronic interference is poor, two-dimensional electronic scanning cannot be realized, and the rapid response and multi-target capability are also poor.
Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
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Since the Liaoning ship has been used as a training ship with little combat strength for a long time, it is inevitable that the sea eagle air-to-air warning radar used as a duty radar will always be turned on. In addition, before the return of the Liaoning ship to the Dalian Shipyard for reconstruction, it was also deployed at sea for a long time, which further led to the parts of the Seahawk Radar, which is more than the 346 phased array radar on the Liaoning ship. It is susceptible to damage. Therefore, the Liaoning ship also removed the entire Seahawk radar during the docking transformation. In addition to possible replacement and testing of related components on the radar, Dalian Shipyard may also undergo substantial technical upgrades, including the replacement of the latest devices and upgraded software systems to improve the detection performance of Seahawk radar.
Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
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The 346-type active phased array radar on the Liaoning ship is the first naval multi-function active phased array radar of the Chinese navy (but the first shipborne phased array radar in China is the 381 type), often dubbed "Brick bricks." It not only has the advantages of high sensitivity, long detection distance, large number of targets and flexible scanning, but also can deal with high-speed and high-mobility targets. It mainly undertakes tasks such as air warning, target recognition and command and guidance of Liaoning ships. It is a ship in Liaoning. The main air-to-air detection means outside the eagle radar. This type of radar is not only equipped on the Liaoning ship, but also on the 052C destroyer. On the 052C destroyer, this radar is not only responsible for air-to-air detection, but also provides guidance for the Haihongqi-9 air defense missile. However, this phased array radar also has a drawback, that is, the use of liquid cooling system, but the use of air cooling, which will reduce the performance of the radar.
Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
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Before the transformation of the Liaoning ship into the factory, there was also a voice that it would replace the latest liquid-cooled phased array radar. From the latest exposure pictures on the Internet, the curved cover on the Liaoning phased array radar did not disappear. This also shows that the Liaoning ship still uses the original air cooling system. In fact, China has already developed a highly efficient radar liquid cooling system, and the Navy has also refitted the domestic liquid cooling system for the mass-produced Type 055 destroyer and the first domestic aircraft carrier that has just completed the fourth sea test. Improved active phased array radar. The Liaoning ship has not been replaced with a liquid cooling system. First, it may be because the phased array radar is expensive. In the case that the 346 radar has not reached the service life, there is no need for such a "local tyrant"; the second is because the Liaoning ship The positioning is still a training ship, and the performance of the phased array radar has dropped slightly, which is not an unbearable problem for the Navy.
Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
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Another major focus of the Liaoning ship's modification is undoubtedly the bridge, and the aviation bridge is the biggest change in this transformation. The air bridge is also known as the main flight control room. Its mission is to ensure that the aircraft carrier can quickly and safely take off and land. It should be said that to some extent, the aviation bridge determines the ability of the aircraft carrier to be dispatched within a certain period of time, which has a direct impact on the performance of the aircraft carrier. The US aircraft carrier's main flight control room is usually located at the highest point of the island, with continuous windows on the front and left side, which not only provides a wide view, but also can accommodate 10 controllers and related equipment. This is mainly because the US aircraft carrier has more aircraft, and the number of sunrise movements may reach hundreds of times. This requires the aviation bridge to provide sufficient observation space for the decking and take-off and landing of the aircraft.
Nowadays, from the beginning: How does the transformation of Liaoning ship shape the new strength of the Chinese navy?
