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歼20挑战美空军有优势! 独特弹舱设计美国人想不到却有重大缺陷
2018-11-11 22:13
导弹 /中国 /歼20
在“军火库飞机”概念中，高速隐形战斗机(包括F-22和F-35)将把武器隐藏在战机内部的武器舱中，以最大限度地发挥它们的隐蔽性，使雷达很难发现它们。 例如F-22战斗机机舱内的标准负载量是4枚空对空导弹以及两枚1000磅(约合454公斤)重的炸弹。与之相比，俄罗斯和中国的很多战斗机尽管不隐形，但是在它们的机身和机翼可携带导弹和炸弹的数量通常可达10枚或更多。
歼20是左右两箱体结构，要担心的还是挂弹高G机动时，机主梁承受不承受的住。一个隔板机体刚度下降很多。这又是一个矛盾设计，一方面弹舱强度较歼20下降很多，另一方面却强调多用途能力，可能装备较重的对地武器，需要更高的强度。一方面说不强调高速能力，另一方面则需要低空活动，低空大表速性能应该很重要。最终要看总体设计了，没有隔板有空间利用高的好处，但也有互相影响的不利之处：譬如F22弹舱可以只打开一边的门射弹，而单一弹舱恐怕这样做就有一定难度（不是做不到）。另外中间有隔板有利于结构强度，这样弹舱周边用于加强的结构就可以节省点重量，单一弹舱在这方面就会稍微吃亏，不过个人认为结构上重量增加不会太多。总之，用什么方式来做结构设计与总体要求有关，要看什么是主要矛盾。
歼-20战机的导弹发射架与装备在美国F-22“猛禽”喷气式隐形战斗机上的完全不同。歼-20的武器舱门关闭后，导弹依然挂在发射架上。这样的设计有利于减小阻力和飞机的雷达标记。与美国F-22战斗机的武器舱设计相比，这种方式使它的导弹引导头视野更好，不必采用异常复杂的"发射后锁定"的方式来使用导弹。
网友CG歼20带弹图片
摄于2013年的歼20带模拟霹雳12的图片
歼-20的武器舱门似乎是专门设计了一个缺口以便该导弹尺寸巨大的尾翼通过。
如果是使用锁定再发射的红外格斗弹，F22进入格斗状态时侧弹仓需要全程开启，以捕捉战机使得红外导引头锁定目标；而J20的侧弹仓盖可以关闭，虽然此时挂架、格斗弹外置仍然会破坏隐身性和气动外形，但相对于F22的全程开盖来说影响会小很多。这种情况下，毫无疑问，J20的侧弹仓设计完胜。
但在使用发射再锁定的红外格斗弹时，F22可以保持侧弹仓盖关闭进入缠斗状态，需要发射导弹时再打开仓盖，发射完毕后立刻关闭，从而把隐身性和气动外形的破坏时间降到最低。而从设计上来看，J20的侧弹仓很可能无法做到这一点。F22的侧弹仓盖是两片式，格斗弹挂架（导轨）是弹出式。无论是仓盖打开速度，还是挂架弹出就位的速度都要快于J20的单片盖、旋转挂架。从好孩子的视频上来看，J20格斗弹从开盖到转出就位，大致需要4秒钟时间。在近距格斗中，这个时间太长了，恐怕只能进入缠斗前就事先把导弹外挂。F22的侧弹仓设计中，格斗弹向下、向外倾斜，从而为导引头提供了更好的视界。而J20采取的挂弹方式，导引头多少受到鸭翼、边条遮挡，视界受限。
图片为网友PS，可以看到军迷对国产四代机带弹数量的渴望
其实导弹的容量并不是武器的重要点, 容量多指的是可以对多个目标,最主要的而是于命中,歼20如果装备F22测试的导弹 同样可以容下6枚导弹, 但是歼20重点不是在于多个目标,而是从精, 大家都知道歼20机动性差于F22, 但机动性并不代表谁强谁弱, 而五代机最主要的特点就是隐形,先发制人。
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一张图让你弄清楚，歼-20的侧面弹舱有多先进
陌上默守 2018/6/16 12:38:07
12 3498
导读：在央视近日的则报道中，歼-战斗机首次展示了地面武器挂载的画面，能看出其挂弹非常方便，尤其是侧面弹舱的设计更为巧妙，内部的导弹挂架伸出来后，弹舱盖还能关上，只把待发射的导弹露在外面，大大降低了对全机隐身及气动特性的影响。图注:打开状态的歼-侧弹舱纵观世界上已经服役的几款五代机，为保证隐身性能，基本都采用了内置弹舱。但在具体设计上又各有不同，如美国的-因为采用单发设计，不能利用两台发动机之间的机体空间来布置弹舱，只能在两侧进气道下部挤出空间作为主弹舱，没有空间布置侧弹舱；俄罗斯的苏-虽然是双发设计，
在央视近日的一则报道中，歼-20战斗机首次展示了地面武器挂载的画面，能看出其挂弹非常方便，尤其是侧面弹舱的设计更为巧妙，内部的导弹挂架伸出来后，弹舱盖还能关上，只把待发射的导弹露在外面，大大降低了对全机隐身及气动特性的影响。
图注:打开状态的歼-20侧弹舱
主弹舱+侧弹舱设计
纵观世界上已经服役的几款五代机，为保证隐身性能，基本都采用了内置弹舱。但在具体设计上又各有不同，如美国的F-35因为采用单发设计，不能利用两台发动机之间的机体空间来布置弹舱，只能在两侧进气道下部挤出空间作为主弹舱，没有空间布置侧弹舱；俄罗斯的苏-57虽然是双发设计，但由于机身过于扁平，所以俄罗斯干脆选择不设置侧弹舱，而是利用其两台发动机间距较大的特点，将整个腹部空间设计成弹舱，容积非常大，能挂载远程巡航导弹。
图注:苏-57由于机身太过扁平，难以布置侧弹舱，因而只在腹部设置了两个大型弹舱
只有F-22和歼-20采用了腹部主弹舱+机身两侧侧弹舱相结合的做法。其中，主弹舱容积较大，主要用来挂载一些体积较大、翼展较长的弹药，如远距、中距空空导弹、精确制导炸弹、反辐射导弹或空射巡航导弹等；侧弹舱容积较小，主要挂载近距格斗导弹。
这种设计非常合理，因为主弹舱内的挂架数量有限，如果用来挂载格斗导弹，就挂不了远距导弹或对地攻击武器，会直接影响整机的火力容量和载荷利用效率。而且主弹舱的舱门尺寸大，开合速度慢，对飞机的发射姿态和迎角限制比较多，不利于飞机在近距离格斗时争分夺秒的发射出格斗导弹。因此，在机身两侧各设计一个侧弹舱，专门挂载格斗弹就可以巧妙地解决这个问题。
歼-20侧弹舱比F-22的更加先进
虽然歼-20与F-22都有侧弹舱，但二者的设计是不一样的，对比来看，明显歼-20的更先进一些。
从结构上看，F-22侧弹舱的舱门是两片式设计，内部的导弹挂架上装有一个折叠机构，平时折叠收纳。发射时，上下两片舱门分别向上下开启，然后导弹挂架的折叠机构打开，将挂架伸出弹舱，导弹直接在挂架上发射。等导弹发射后，挂架收回，舱门关闭。
图注:F-22侧弹舱内的导弹挂架特写，能看出其是通过折叠结构进行收放
歼-20侧弹舱的舱门采用向上旋转的单片舱门，内部的导弹挂架采用翻转式设计，可通过铰链式作动机构向下反转。发射时，弹舱门向上打开，导弹挂架向下翻转到弹舱外部，然后舱门关闭，只把导弹和挂架露在外面，形成独特的"半外挂"设计。
也就是说，F-22在格斗时，侧弹舱必须一直开着，而歼-20却可以关闭舱门，只把导弹留在外面。明显歼-20的做法对隐身和气动性能的破坏最小，而且导弹整体突出于机身，更方便导弹导引头搜寻目标，导弹发射后也能更快远离载机，可以减小高温尾流对机身隐身涂层的伤害，比起F-22的设计，更为稳妥和科学。
图注:F-22在格斗时，侧弹舱要一直处于打开状态
从侧弹舱的这个细节可以看出，歼-20在设计上除了高大上的前沿科技，还非常注重实用性，也正是这样的设计理念才让歼-20成为五代机中的佼佼者。
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歼20 challenge the US Air Force has an advantage! Unique bomb cabin design Americans can not think of but have major defects
2018-11-11 22:13 missile / China / 歼 20
In the "Arsenal Aircraft" concept, high-speed stealth fighters (including the F-22 and F-35) will hide their weapons in the weapon bay inside the aircraft to maximize their concealment, making it difficult for radar to find them. . For example, the standard load in the F-22 fighter cabin is four air-to-air missiles and two 1000-pound bombs. In contrast, many fighters in Russia and China, although not invisible, typically carry 10 or more missiles and bombs in their fuselage and wings.
歼20 is the left and right two-box structure. The worry is that when the hoisting high G maneuver, the main beam of the machine can not withstand it. The stiffness of a diaphragm body is much lower. This is another contradictory design. On the one hand, the strength of the bomb bay is much lower than that of the 歼20. On the other hand, it emphasizes the multi-purpose ability. It may be equipped with heavier ground-to-ground weapons and requires higher strength. On the one hand, it does not emphasize high-speed capabilities, on the other hand, it requires low-altitude activities, and low-altitude and high-speed performance should be important. In the end, it depends on the overall design. There is no space for the use of partitions. However, there are also disadvantages of mutual influence: for example, the F22 bomb can only open the door projectile on one side, and it is difficult for a single bomb to do so. (Not impossible). In addition, there is a partition in the middle to facilitate the structural strength, so that the structure around the bullet chamber for reinforcement can save some weight. The single bomb chamber will suffer a little in this respect, but personally think that the structural weight increase will not be too much. In short, the way to do structural design is related to the overall requirements, depending on what is the main contradiction.
The missile launcher of the J-20 fighter is completely different from that of the F-22 Raptor jet stealth fighter. After the weapon door of the 歼-20 is closed, the missile is still hung on the launcher. This design is beneficial to reduce drag and radar marking of the aircraft. Compared with the weapon cabin design of the US F-22 fighter, this approach gives it a better view of the missile's pilot head and does not require the use of an unusually complex "post-launch lock" to use the missile.
Netizen CG歼20 with bomb pictures
Picture taken in 2013 with 霹雳20 with analog 霹雳12
The 歼-20's weapon hatch seems to have been specifically designed with a gap to allow the size of the missile to pass through.
If the infrared rebel is used to lock and re-emit, when the F22 enters the fighting state, the side magazine needs to be fully opened to capture the fighter so that the infrared seeker locks the target; while the J20 side cover can be closed, although the pylon, The external appearance of the fighting bomb will still destroy the stealth and aerodynamic shape, but the impact will be much smaller than the full opening of the F22. In this case, there is no doubt that the J20's side magazine design is over.
However, when using the infrared rebel bullet that is re-locked, the F22 can keep the side cover cover closed and enter the fighting state. When the missile needs to be fired, the cover will be opened again, and the cover will be closed immediately after the launch, thus destroying the stealth and aerodynamic shape. drop to lowest. From the design point of view, J20's side magazine is likely to be unable to do this. The side cover of the F22 is a two-piece type, and the fighting bullet pylon (rail) is pop-up. Whether it is the opening speed of the cover or the position of the hanger is faster than the J20's single-piece cover and rotating pylon. Judging from the video of the good boy, the J20 fighting bomb takes about 4 seconds from opening to closing. In the close combat, this time is too long, I am afraid that the missile can be externally attached before entering the fight. In the F22's side magazine design, the fighting bullets are tilted downwards and outwards, providing a better view of the seeker. The hanging method adopted by the J20, the seeker is somewhat blocked by the canard and the side strip, and the horizon is limited.
The picture is netizen PS, you can see the desire of military fans for the number of domestically produced four generations of machine bombs.
In fact, the capacity of the missile is not an important point of the weapon. The capacity refers to multiple targets, the most important one is the hit. 歼20 If the missile equipped with the F22 test can also accommodate 6 missiles, the focus is 20 It is not in multiple goals, but in precision. Everyone knows that 歼20 mobility is worse than F22, but mobility does not mean who is strong or weak, and the most important feature of the fifth generation is invisibility, preemptive. Go back to Sohu and see more
Disclaimer: This article only represents the author himself, Sohu is the information publishing platform, and Sohu only provides information storage space services.
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A picture lets you figure out how advanced the 弹-20's side bomb bay is.
Moss on the door 2018/6/16 12:38:07 12 3498
In the recent CCTV report, the 歼-Fighter showed the ground-mounted weapon for the first time. It can be seen that the hanging bomb is very convenient, especially the design of the side bomb cabin is more subtle, and the internal missile pylon is extended. After that, the bullet cover can be closed, and only the missile to be launched is exposed, which greatly reduces the impact on the stealth and aerodynamic characteristics of the whole machine. Legend: The open side of the 歼-side bomb bay view of the five fifth-generation aircraft already in service in the world, in order to ensure stealth performance, basically use the built-in bomb bay. However, the specific design is different, such as the United States - because the single-engine design, the space between the two engines can not be used to arrange the bomb bay, only the space in the lower part of the intake duct can be squeezed out as the main bomb Cabin, no space to arrange the side bomb bay; Russian Su-although is a double-engine design,
A picture lets you figure out how advanced the 弹-20's side bomb bay is.
In a recent CCTV report, the J-20 fighter showed the ground-mounted weapon for the first time. It can be seen that the bullet is very convenient, especially the design of the side bomb is more subtle, and the internal missile pylon is extended. After that, the bullet cover can be closed, and only the missile to be launched is exposed, which greatly reduces the impact on the stealth and aerodynamic characteristics of the whole machine.
A picture lets you figure out how advanced the 弹-20's side bomb bay is.
Legend: 歼-20 side bomb bay in open state
Main bomb cabin + side bomb cabin design
Throughout the five generations of machines that have been in service in the world, in order to ensure stealth performance, the built-in bomb bay is basically adopted. However, the specific design is different. For example, the F-35 in the United States cannot use the space between the two engines to arrange the bomb room because of the single-engine design. The main bomb bay has no space to arrange the side bomb bay; although the Russian Su-57 is a double-engine design, because the fuselage is too flat, Russia simply chooses not to set the side bomb bay, but uses the two engines with larger spacing. Features, the entire abdomen space is designed into a bomb bay, the volume is very large, and can be used to mount long-range cruise missiles.
A picture lets you figure out how advanced the 弹-20's side bomb bay is.
Legend: Su-57 is too flat, it is difficult to arrange the side bomb compartment, so only two large bomb bays are set in the abdomen
Only the F-22 and the 歼-20 use a combination of the abdominal main bomb cabin + the side shells on both sides of the fuselage. Among them, the main bomb compartment has a large volume, and is mainly used to mount some large-volume, long-wing ammunition, such as long-range, medium-range air-to-air missiles, precision-guided bombs, anti-radiation missiles or air-launched cruise missiles; The bomb bay has a small volume and is mainly loaded with close-range combat missiles.
This design is very reasonable, because the number of pylons in the main bomb bay is limited. If it is used to mount a fighting missile, it cannot hang a long-range missile or a ground-attack weapon, which will directly affect the fire capacity and load utilization efficiency of the whole machine. Moreover, the size of the door of the main bomb cabin is large, and the opening and closing speed is slow. The launching attitude and angle of attack of the aircraft are more limited, which is not conducive to the aircraft launching a fighting missile in a close combat time. Therefore, designing a side bomb compartment on each side of the fuselage, specifically mounting a fighting bomb can skillfully solve this problem.
歼-20 side bomb cabin is more advanced than F-22
Although both the 歼-20 and F-22 have side bomb bays, the design of the two is different. In contrast, the 歼-20 is more advanced.
From the structural point of view, the door of the F-22 side bomb cabin is a two-piece design, and the internal missile pylon is equipped with a folding mechanism, which is usually folded and stored. When launching, the upper and lower hatches are opened up and down respectively, and then the folding mechanism of the missile pylon is opened, the pylon is extended out of the bomb bay, and the missile is directly launched on the pylon. After the missile is launched, the pylon is retracted and the hatch is closed.
A picture lets you figure out how advanced the 弹-20's side bomb bay is.
Legend: The close-up of the missile pylon in the F-22 side bomb compartment, it can be seen that it is retracted by folding structure
The door of the 歼-20 side bomb bay adopts an upwardly rotating single-piece door, and the internal missile pylon adopts a flip-type design, which can be reversed downward by a hinge-type actuating mechanism. When launching, the bomb door opens upwards, the missile pylon flips down to the outside of the bomb bay, and then the hatch is closed, leaving only the missile and the pylon exposed to form a unique "semi-external" design.
That is to say, when the F-22 is fighting, the side bomb compartment must be kept open, while the 歼-20 can close the hatch and leave the missile outside. Obviously, the practice of 歼-20 has the least damage to stealth and aerodynamic performance, and the missile as a whole protrudes from the fuselage, which is more convenient for the missile seeker to search for the target. The missile can also move away from the carrier faster after launching, which can reduce the high temperature wake pair. The damage of the body stealth coating is more secure and scientific than the design of the F-22.
A picture lets you figure out how advanced the 弹-20's side bomb bay is.
Legend: When the F-22 is fighting, the side bomb compartment must remain open.
From the details of the side bomb cabin, it can be seen that the design of the 歼-20 is very practical in addition to the cutting-edge technology of the tall, and it is this design concept that makes the 歼-20 a leader in the fifth generation.
