WTFF
My usual answer will be asking you to drink a bowl of LKB tonic soup,
but usually, the reasons are :
Dehydration
You may become dehydrated if you're overheated, if you aren't eating or
drinking enough, or if you're sick. Without enough fluids, the volume of your blood goes down, lowering your blood pressure and keeping your brain from getting enough blood, causing lightheadedness. "A glass of water may be enough to make you feel better, but if you haven't been eating or drinking much for days, it will take more than that to rehydrate your body," says Dr. Grossman. You may need an intravenous infusion of fluid. A doctor can check to see if you need electrolytes like potassium or salt.
Drug side effects
Sometimes medications make you feel lightheaded, especially those that
lower your blood pressure or make you urinate more. "If they work too well, they'll lower your blood pressure too much and make you lightheaded. Diuretics are notorious for this," says Dr. Grossman. The fix may be as simple as adjusting the dose or trying a different drug.
Sudden drop in blood pressure
The autonomic nervous system helps the body regulate the shift in blood pressure when we stand up. As we get older, this system may deteriorate, causing a temporary drop in blood pressure when we stand—known as orthostatic hypotension—resulting in lightheadedness. This may be a long-term problem, but there are medications to treat it, such as midodrine (ProAmatine) and fludrocortisone (Florinef), so this too warrants a trip to your doctor.
Low blood sugar
"When you don't have enough blood sugar, every system in your body goes on reserve to use as little energy as possible, including your brain, making you feel lightheaded or confused," says Dr. Grossman. It may only take a drink of juice to relieve your symptoms, but it's best to get your blood sugar levels checked, especially if you need more glucose (sugar) in intravenous or pill form.
Heart attack and stroke
At its most serious, lightheadedness may be a sign of a heart attack or
stroke. Other symptoms of a heart attack often accompanying lightheadedness are
chest pain, shortness of breath, nausea, arm pain,
back pain, or jaw pain. Symptoms suggesting a stroke are the sudden onset of headache, numbness, weakness, visual changes, trouble walking, or slurred speech. "But in older adults, lightheadedness may be the only symptom of a heart attack or a stroke, especially if it doesn't go away," says Dr. Grossman. In that case, every second counts, so get to an emergency room for treatment.
Dizziness: How it's different from lightheadedness"Are you feeling lightheaded or dizzy?" your doctor may ask. Although it is often hard to tell the difference, your answer may have a big impact on how the doctor moves forward with diagnosis. Lightheadedness is not the same as dizziness, also known as vertigo, which refers to feeling like your surroundings are spinning.
Common causes of dizziness include medication side effects; infections or other disorders of the inner ear; tumors; a stroke that occurs in the back of the brain; Ménière's disease, which attacks a nerve important in balance and hearing; benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, when tiny crystals in the inner ear become dislodged and move around inside the ear canals; and Parkinson's disease.
Treating the underlying condition can relieve dizziness. But don't ignore bouts of dizziness, warns Dr. Grossman. "Vertigo can lead to falls and injury. It's a real problem, particularly in the elderly, and in many cases, it can be prevented," he says.
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