Not quite. Retribution is a false idea based on vengeance. The correct idea of karma and 'heaven vs hell' type of existences in the afterlife, is about honestly facing yourself and what you've done (including the consequences of all your actions including how they affected others) for the purpose of clarification, learning, growth and soul evolution.
Hellish experiences in the afterlife are not for the sake of punishment, they are natural consequences of your own thoughts, feelings and actions, eg. if you've indulged in anger and hatred most of your life, that's what you'll feel amplified many times, giving you a hell-like experience, for the sake of the soul facing itself and understanding the nature of its own emotions, actions and consequences.
In the afterlife, regardless of your religion when you were alive, you will be asked along the lines of "In this life you've just lived, what have you learnt? And who have you helped?". The purpose of the life review is not to punish, but to help you grow. And help to prepare you for your next physical incarnation.