• IP addresses are NOT logged in this forum so there's no point asking. Please note that this forum is full of homophobes, racists, lunatics, schizophrenics & absolute nut jobs with a smattering of geniuses, Chinese chauvinists, Moderate Muslims and last but not least a couple of "know-it-alls" constantly sprouting their dubious wisdom. If you believe that content generated by unsavory characters might cause you offense PLEASE LEAVE NOW! Sammyboy Admin and Staff are not responsible for your hurt feelings should you choose to read any of the content here.

    The OTHER forum is HERE so please stop asking.

Lung cancer

Very difficult to say.
Winston Churchill smoked cigars and drinks continuously and lived until 90.
 
When my friend found out she had cancer she took the alternative route.
Went to Malacca where they were teaching people with serious illnesses coping skills: exercise, destressing exercises, what to eat, how best to prepare the food, etc

From what I understand she survived longer than others who also had cancer but took only the medical route.

Be wary of such alternative methods. Need a more statistically significant study. Most of the sellers of these alternative medicine only like to highlight their "successes", but totally bury their many failures. The success cases could be due entirely to the natural strength of the patients, or the type of cancer.
 
Very difficult to say.
Winston Churchill smoked cigars and drinks continuously and lived until 90.

That's what smokers usually say to delude themselves. Sure, there are cases of people who chain smoke and yet live to 90. Deng Xiaoping is another example. However, a significant majority of people who chain smoke suffer from many smoking related illnesses, and they die prematurely. I have seen jokers who chain smoke, and yet pays good money to eat health tonic.
 
That's what smokers usually say to delude themselves. Sure, there are cases of people who chain smoke and yet live to 90. Deng Xiaoping is another example. However, a significant majority of people who chain smoke suffer from many smoking related illnesses, and they die prematurely. I have seen jokers who chain smoke, and yet pays good money to eat health tonic.

my neighbour is another good eg. chain smoking for more than half a century yet doesnt even have the smoker's cough :eek: some pp have allthe luck to be blessed with such good genes
 
Be wary of such alternative methods. Need a more statistically significant study. Most of the sellers of these alternative medicine only like to highlight their "successes", but totally bury their many failures. The success cases could be due entirely to the natural strength of the patients, or the type of cancer.

She was a degree holder & a professional. Before making the decision to take the alternative route, she did her own homework reading & going through the network
The fact is that she outlived others who had similar cancers & taking the conventional route.

From my own experience with heart problems I have found that the medical profession chooses to ignores the power of good nutrition & lifestyle habits. The only medication I am taking is chelation. It is a medical procedure to remove heavy metals.
 
Try Sabah snake grass.

Sabah Snake Grass aka 优遁草 aka Clinacanthus nutans Lindau

Houghton, P. et al., 2007. The sulphorhodamine (SRB) assay and other approaches to testing plant extracts and derived compounds for activities related to reputed anticancer activity. Methods, 42(4), pp.377–387.

Abstract
Since the major approach in searching for potential anticancer agents over the last 50 years has been based on selective cytotoxic effects on mammalian cancer cell lines, cell-based methods for cytotoxicity are described and compared. The sulphorhodamine B (SRB) assay is described in detail as the preferred method and also a novel approach has been developed which is based on the hypothesis that, in some circumstances, the naturally occurring compounds act as prodrugs rather than active compounds in their own right. Consequently, extracts or compounds are pre-incubated with systems modelling metabolic processes in the body before being tested. The methods have been validated using known compounds and Iris tectorum extracts have been shown to be more cytotoxic after treatment with ?-glucosidase. In addition bioassays based on mammalian cells involving antioxidant and upregulation of some cellular self-defence mechanisms are discussed which are related to prevention as well as treatment of cancer. Extracts of Alpinia officinarum induced glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity in cultured hepatocytes and this was traced to the phenylpropanoids present, especially 1?-acetoxychavicol acetate.

2007_Houghton_Table2n3.gif
 
Agachan, B. et al., 2009. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE1) gene polymorphisms and lung cancer risk in relation to tobacco smoking. Anticancer research, 29(6), pp.2417–2420.
Amabile, J.-C. et al., 2009. Multifactorial study of the risk of lung cancer among French uranium miners: radon, smoking and silicosis. Health physics, 97(6), pp.613–621.
An, S.-J. et al., 2012. Identification of enriched driver gene alterations in subgroups of non-small cell lung cancer patients based on histology and smoking status. PloS one, 7(6), p.e40109.
Anna, L. et al., 2009. Relationship between TP53 tumour suppressor gene mutations and smoking-related bulky DNA adducts in a lung cancer study population from Hungary. Mutagenesis, 24(6), pp.475–480.
Bai, J. et al., 2009. Cigarette smoking, MDM2 SNP309, gene-environment interactions, and lung cancer risk: a meta-analysis. Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A, 72(11-12), pp.677–682.
Balduyck, B. et al., 2011. The effect of smoking cessation on quality of life after lung cancer surgery. European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery: official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery, 40(6), pp.1432–1437; discussion 1437–1438.
Beane, J. et al., 2011. Characterizing the impact of smoking and lung cancer on the airway transcriptome using RNA-Seq. Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.), 4(6), pp.803–817.
Bearz, A. et al., 2012. Comment on ‘Lung cancer in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study: role of smoking, immunodeficiency and pulmonary infection’. British journal of cancer, 106(11), pp.1899–1900.
Becze, E., 2009. Patients with lung cancer encourage family members to stop smoking. ONS connect, 24(5), pp.14–15.
Begum, S., 2012. Molecular changes in smoking-related lung cancer. Expert review of molecular diagnostics, 12(1), pp.93–106.
Beleford, D. et al., 2010. Methylation induced gene silencing of HtrA3 in smoking-related lung cancer. Clinical cancer research: an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research, 16(2), pp.398–409.
Bijwaard, H., Dekkers, F. & Van Dillen, T., 2011. Modelling lung cancer due to radon and smoking in WISMUT miners: preliminary results. Radiation protection dosimetry, 143(2-4), pp.380–383.
Boelens, M.C. et al., 2009. Current smoking-specific gene expression signature in normal bronchial epithelium is enhanced in squamous cell lung cancer. The Journal of pathology, 218(2), pp.182–191.
Boffetta, P. et al., 2011. Tobacco smoking as a risk factor of bronchioloalveolar carcinoma of the lung: pooled analysis of seven case-control studies in the International Lung Cancer Consortium (ILCCO). Cancer causes & control: CCC, 22(1), pp.73–79.
Bottorff, J.L. et al., 2009. Continued family smoking after lung cancer diagnosis: the patient’s perspective. Oncology nursing forum, 36(3), pp.E126–132.
Bousman, C.A. & Madlensky, L., 2010. Family history of lung cancer and contemplation of smoking cessation. Preventing chronic disease, 7(2), p.A29.
Browning, K.K. et al., 2009. The Self-regulation Model of Illness applied to smoking behavior in lung cancer. Cancer nursing, 32(4), pp.E15–25.
Buch, S.C. et al., 2012. Genetic variability in DNA repair and cell cycle control pathway genes and risk of smoking-related lung cancer. Molecular carcinogenesis, 51 Suppl 1, pp.E11–20.
Burns, D.M., Anderson, C.M. & Gray, N., 2011. Has the lung cancer risk from smoking increased over the last fifty years? Cancer causes & control: CCC, 22(3), pp.389–397.
Butler, K.M. et al., 2011. Motivation to quit smoking among relatives of lung cancer patients. Public health nursing (Boston, Mass.), 28(1), pp.43–50.
Butler, M.W. et al., 2011. Modulation of cystatin A expression in human airway epithelium related to genotype, smoking, COPD, and lung cancer. Cancer research, 71(7), pp.2572–2581.
Campling, B.G. et al., 2011. Spontaneous smoking cessation before lung cancer diagnosis. Journal of thoracic oncology: official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, 6(3), pp.517–524.
Carreras, G., Gorini, G. & Paci, E., 2012. Can a national lung cancer screening program in combination with smoking cessation policies cause an early decrease in tobacco deaths in Italy? Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.), 5(6), pp.874–882.
Cataldo, J.K., Dubey, S. & Prochaska, J.J., 2010. Smoking cessation: an integral part of lung cancer treatment. Oncology, 78(5-6), pp.289–301.
Cerny, D. et al., 2009. Lung cancer in the Canton of St. Gallen, Eastern Switzerland: sex-associated differences in smoking habits, disease presentation and survival. Onkologie, 32(10), pp.569–573.
Chang, C.-H. et al., 2009. Interactive effect of cigarette smoking with human 8-oxoguanine DNA N-glycosylase 1 (hOGG1) polymorphisms on the risk of lung cancer: a case-control study in Taiwan. American journal of epidemiology, 170(6), pp.695–702.
Chaouachi, K. & Sajid, K.M., 2010. A critique of recent hypotheses on oral (and lung) cancer induced by water pipe (hookah, shisha, narghile) tobacco smoking. Medical hypotheses, 74(5), pp.843–846.
Chen, J. et al., 2012. Effect of cigarette smoking on quality of life in small cell lung cancer patients. European journal of cancer (Oxford, England: 1990), 48(11), pp.1593–1601.
Chen, L.S. & Kaphingst, K.A., 2011. Risk perceptions and family history of lung cancer: differences by smoking status. Public health genomics, 14(1), pp.26–34.
Chen, P.-H. et al., 2012. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor in association with RelA modulates IL-6 expression in non-smoking lung cancer. Oncogene, 31(20), pp.2555–2565.
Chen, Xing et al., 2011. Association of smoking with tumor size at diagnosis in non-small cell lung cancer. Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 74(3), pp.378–383.
Cheng, Z. et al., 2012. hOGG1, p53 genes, and smoking interactions are associated with the development of lung cancer. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP, 13(5), pp.1803–1808.
Chua, H.W. et al., 2010. Effect of MDM2 SNP309 and p53 codon 72 polymorphisms on lung cancer risk and survival among non-smoking Chinese women in Singapore. BMC cancer, 10, p.88.
Clark, M.M. & Jett, J.R., 2009. Change in smoking status after low-dose spiral chest CT screening for lung cancer: opportunity for smoking intervention. Thorax, 64(5), pp.371–372.
Clifford, G.M. et al., 2012. Lung cancer in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study: role of smoking, immunodeficiency and pulmonary infection. British journal of cancer, 106(3), pp.447–452.
Cooley, M.E. et al., 2009. Smoking cessation is challenging even for patients recovering from lung cancer surgery with curative intent. Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 66(2), pp.218–225.
Cornfield, J. et al., 2009. Smoking and lung cancer: recent evidence and a discussion of some questions. 1959. International journal of epidemiology, 38(5), pp.1175–1191.
Cox, D.R., 2009. Commentary: Smoking and lung cancer: reflections on a pioneering paper. International journal of epidemiology, 38(5), pp.1192–1193.
De Bruin-Visser, J.C. et al., 2012. Integration of a smoking cessation program in the treatment protocol for patients with head and neck and lung cancer. European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology: official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS): affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, 269(2), pp.659–665.
Didkowska, J. et al., 2011. Future lung cancer incidence in Poland and Finland based on forecasts on hypothetical changes in smoking habits. Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden), 50(1), pp.81–87.
Dong, J. et al., 2012. Association analyses identify multiple new lung cancer susceptibility loci and their interactions with smoking in the Chinese population. Nature genetics, 44(8), pp.895–899.
Egawa, H. et al., 2012. Radiation and smoking effects on lung cancer incidence by histological types among atomic bomb survivors. Radiation research, 178(3), pp.191–201.
Erhunmwunsee, L. & Onaitis, M.W., 2009. Smoking cessation and the success of lung cancer surgery. Current oncology reports, 11(4), pp.269–274.
Evans, W.K. & Wolfson, M.C., 2011. Computed tomography screening for lung cancer without a smoking cessation program--not a cost-effective idea. Journal of thoracic oncology: official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, 6(11), pp.1781–1783.
Everatt, R., Kuzmickiene, I. & Senulis, A., 2011. Cigarette smoking and trends in lung cancer incidence in Lithuania: an analysis by histological type. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 47(4), pp.222–229.
Faehling, M. et al., 2010. Benefit of erlotinib in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer is related to smoking status, gender, skin rash and radiological response but not to histology and treatment line. Oncology, 78(3-4), pp.249–258.
Fang, X. et al., 2013. Genetic network and gene set enrichment analysis to identify biomarkers related to cigarette smoking and lung cancer. Cancer treatment reviews, 39(1), pp.77–88.
Feng, Z. et al., 2012. Association of ERCC2/XPD polymorphisms and interaction with tobacco smoking in lung cancer susceptibility: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Molecular biology reports, 39(1), pp.57–69.
Ferketich, A.K. et al., 2012. Smoking status and survival in the national comprehensive cancer network non-small cell lung cancer cohort. Cancer.
Feuer, E.J., Levy, D.T. & McCarthy, W.J., 2012. Chapter 1:The impact of the reduction in tobacco smoking on U.S. lung cancer mortality, 1975-2000: an introduction to the problem. Risk analysis: an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis, 32 Suppl 1, pp.S6–S13.
Finney Rutten, L.J. et al., 2011. Illness representations of lung cancer, lung cancer worry, and perceptions of risk by smoking status. Journal of cancer education: the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education, 26(4), pp.747–753.
Flemming, A., 2011. Cancer: Hope for smoking-associated lung cancer? Nature reviews. Drug discovery, 10(2), pp.98–99.
Fowke, J.H. et al., 2011. Urinary isothiocyanate levels and lung cancer risk among non-smoking women: a prospective investigation. Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 73(1), pp.18–24.
Foy, Millennia et al., 2011. A smoking-based carcinogenesis model for lung cancer risk prediction. International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer, 129(8), pp.1907–1913.
Frost, G., Darnton, A. & Harding, A.-H., 2011. The effect of smoking on the risk of lung cancer mortality for asbestos workers in Great Britain (1971-2005). The Annals of occupational hygiene, 55(3), pp.239–247.
Fujita, Y. & Inoue, K., 2010. The importance of smoking cessation as part of lung cancer control measures in Japan. The West Indian medical journal, 59(6), p.726.
Funatogawa, I., Funatogawa, T. & Yano, E., 2012. Impacts of early smoking initiation: long-term trends of lung cancer mortality and smoking initiation from repeated cross-sectional surveys in Great Britain. BMJ open, 2(5).
Furukawa, K. et al., 2010. Radiation and smoking effects on lung cancer incidence among atomic bomb survivors. Radiation research, 174(1), pp.72–82.
George, M., 2012. Health beliefs, treatment preferences and complementary and alternative medicine for asthma, smoking and lung cancer self-management in diverse Black communities. Patient education and counseling.
Girones Sarrio, R. et al., 2010. Smoking habits in elderly lung cancer patients: still no changes in epidemiology? A single-center experience. Clinical & translational oncology: official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico, 12(10), pp.686–691.
Gonzalez, M. et al., 2012. Smoking, occupational risk factors, and bronchial tumor location: a possible impact for lung cancer computed tomography scan screening. Journal of thoracic oncology: official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, 7(1), pp.128–136.
Gordon, L.G. et al., 2010. Within a smoking-cessation program, what impact does genetic information on lung cancer need to have to demonstrate cost-effectiveness? Cost effectiveness and resource allocation: C/E, 8, p.18.
Groves-Kirkby, C.J. et al., 2011. Lung-cancer reduction from smoking cessation and radon remediation: a preliminary cost-analysis in Northamptonshire, UK. Environment international, 37(2), pp.375–382.
Guo, Nancy L, Tosun, K. & Horn, K., 2009. Impact and interactions between smoking and traditional prognostic factors in lung cancer progression. Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 66(3), pp.386–392.
Guo, Nancy Lan & Wan, Y.-W., 2012. Pathway-based identification of a smoking associated 6-gene signature predictive of lung cancer risk and survival. Artificial intelligence in medicine, 55(2), pp.97–105.
Gupta, A. et al., 2009. Smoking intensity, oxidative stress and chemotherapy in nonsmall cell lung cancer: a correlated prognostic study. Bioscience trends, 3(5), pp.191–199.
Hruba, D., 2012. Clear relationship between smoking and lung cancer. Central European journal of public health, 20(1), pp.3–4.
Hsia, T.-C. et al., 2011. Interaction of CCND1 genotype and smoking habit in Taiwan lung cancer patients. Anticancer research, 31(10), pp.3601–3605.
Huang, B. et al., 2012. Functional genetic variants of c-Jun and their interaction with smoking and drinking increase the susceptibility to lung cancer in southern and eastern Chinese. International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer, 131(5), pp.E744–758.
Huang, Y.-S. et al., 2011. Impact of smoking status and pathologic type on epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in lung cancer. Chinese medical journal, 124(16), pp.2457–2460.
Huang, Y.-T. et al., 2011. Cigarette smoking increases copy number alterations in nonsmall-cell lung cancer. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 108(39), pp.16345–16350.
Huang, Yisheng et al., 2009. [The Impact of Smoking Status on the Efficacy of Erlotinib in Patients with Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.]. Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer, 12(12), pp.1266–1270.
Improgo, M.R.D. et al., 2010. From smoking to lung cancer: the CHRNA5/A3/B4 connection. Oncogene, 29(35), pp.4874–4884.
Iyen-Omofoman, B. et al., 2012. The association between smoking quantity and lung cancer in men and women. Chest.
Janjigian, Y.Y. et al., 2010. Pack-years of cigarette smoking as a prognostic factor in patients with stage IIIB/IV nonsmall cell lung cancer. Cancer, 116(3), pp.670–675.
Jassem, E. et al., 2009. [Smoking and lung cancer]. Pneumonologia i alergologia polska, 77(5), pp.469–473.
Jida, M. et al., 2009. Usefulness of cumulative smoking dose for identifying the EGFR mutation and patients with non-small-cell lung cancer for gefitinib treatment. Cancer science, 100(10), pp.1931–1934.
Jin, Y. et al., 2010. Combined effects of cigarette smoking, gene polymorphisms and methylations of tumor suppressor genes on non small cell lung cancer: a hospital-based case-control study in China. BMC cancer, 10, p.422.
Kang, M.-W. et al., 2011. AKR1B10 is associated with smoking and smoking-related non-small-cell lung cancer. The Journal of international medical research, 39(1), pp.78–85.
Kawaguchi, T., Matsumura, A., et al., 2010. Japanese ethnicity compared with Caucasian ethnicity and never-smoking status are independent favorable prognostic factors for overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer: a collaborative epidemiologic study of the National Hospital Organization Study Group for Lung Cancer (NHSGLC) in Japan and a Southern California Regional Cancer Registry databases. Journal of thoracic oncology: official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, 5(7), pp.1001–1010.
Kawaguchi, T., Takada, M., et al., 2010. Performance status and smoking status are independent favorable prognostic factors for survival in non-small cell lung cancer: a comprehensive analysis of 26,957 patients with NSCLC. Journal of thoracic oncology: official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, 5(5), pp.620–630.
Kirk, R., 2011. Screening: Finding the smoking gun in lung cancer. Nature reviews. Clinical oncology, 8(9), p.510.
Kischkel, S. et al., 2010. Breath biomarkers for lung cancer detection and assessment of smoking related effects--confounding variables, influence of normalization and statistical algorithms. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry, 411(21-22), pp.1637–1644.
Kiyohara, C. et al., 2011. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase polymorphisms and interaction with smoking and alcohol consumption in lung cancer risk: a case-control study in a Japanese population. BMC cancer, 11, p.459.
Kiyohara, C., Horiuchi, T., Miyake, Y., et al., 2010. Cigarette smoking, TP53 Arg72Pro, TP53BP1 Asp353Glu and the risk of lung cancer in a Japanese population. Oncology reports, 23(5), pp.1361–1368.
Kiyohara, C., Horiuchi, T., Takayama, K., et al., 2010. IL1B rs1143634 polymorphism, cigarette smoking, alcohol use, and lung cancer risk in a Japanese population. Journal of thoracic oncology: official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, 5(3), pp.299–304.
Koh, W.-P. et al., 2010. Body mass index and smoking-related lung cancer risk in the Singapore Chinese Health Study. British journal of cancer, 102(3), pp.610–614.
Koul, P.A. & Chaouachi, K., 2011. Important clarifications about peculiarities of hookah smoking and lung cancer in Kashmir. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP, 12(8), pp.2145–2146.
Koul, P.A. et al., 2011. Hookah smoking and lung cancer in the Kashmir valley of the Indian subcontinent. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP, 12(2), pp.519–524.
Kovacs, G., Barsai, A. & Szilasi, M., 2012. [Smoking: a prognostic factor of lung cancer survival]. Magyar onkologia, 56(3), pp.187–191.
Lam, T.K. et al., 2010. Cruciferous vegetable intake and lung cancer risk: a nested case-control study matched on cigarette smoking. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 19(10), pp.2534–2540.
Lan, Qing et al., 2012. Genome-wide association analysis identifies new lung cancer susceptibility loci in never-smoking women in Asia. Nature genetics.
Lee, K.-M. et al., 2010. Differential effects of smoking on lung cancer mortality before and after household stove improvement in Xuanwei, China. British journal of cancer, 103(5), pp.727–729.
Lee, P.N., Forey, B.A. & Coombs, K.J., 2012. Systematic review with meta-analysis of the epidemiological evidence in the 1900s relating smoking to lung cancer. BMC cancer, 12(1), p.385.
Lee, Y.J. et al., 2010. Dose effect of cigarette smoking on frequency and spectrum of epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutations in Korean patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology, 136(12), pp.1937–1944.
Leuraud, K. et al., 2011. Radon, smoking and lung cancer risk: results of a joint analysis of three European case-control studies among uranium miners. Radiation research, 176(3), pp.375–387.
Levy, D.T., Blackman, K. & Zaloshnja, E., 2012. Chapter 10: A macro-model of smoking and lung cancer: examining aggregate trends in lung cancer rates using the CPS-I and CPS-II and two-stage clonal expansion models. Risk analysis: an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis, 32 Suppl 1, pp.S125–141.
Li, Hao et al., 2012. Smoking and air pollution exposure and lung cancer mortality in Zhaoyuan County. International journal of hygiene and environmental health.
Lim, W.-Y. et al., 2011. Meat consumption and risk of lung cancer among never-smoking women. Nutrition and cancer, 63(6), pp.850–859.
Lin, I.-H. et al., 2012. Smoking, green tea consumption, genetic polymorphisms in the insulin-like growth factors and lung cancer risk. PloS one, 7(2), p.e30951.
Liu, C.-J., Hsia, T.-C., Tsai, R.-Y., et al., 2010. The joint effect of hOGG1 single nucleotide polymorphism and smoking habit on lung cancer in Taiwan. Anticancer research, 30(10), pp.4141–4145.
Liu, C.-J., Hsia, T.-C., Wang, R.-F., et al., 2010. Interaction of cyclooxygenase 2 genotype and smoking habit in Taiwanese lung cancer patients. Anticancer research, 30(4), pp.1195–1199.
Liu, C.-S. et al., 2009. Interaction of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genotype and smoking habit in Taiwanese lung cancer patients. Cancer genomics & proteomics, 6(6), pp.325–329.
Lobchuk, M.M. et al., 2012. Impact of patient smoking behavior on empathic helping by family caregivers in lung cancer. Oncology nursing forum, 39(2), pp.E112–121.
Longo, F. et al., 2011. Long-term survival in a smoking caucasian male patient treated with gefitinib for spinal cord compression secondary to lung cancer. Onkologie, 34(6), pp.326–328.
Luftman, V. et al., 2011. The power of videotaped personal statements of patients with lung cancer: a recruitment strategy for smoking prevention and cessation programs. Oncology nursing forum, 38(1), pp.11–14.
Maeda, R. et al., 2011. The prognostic impact of cigarette smoking on patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Journal of thoracic oncology: official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, 6(4), pp.735–742.
Maeda, T. et al., 2010. [Three cases of lung cancer detected after smoking cessation]. Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai zasshi = the journal of the Japanese Respiratory Society, 48(9), pp.711–714.
Margaret, A.L., Syahruddin, E. & Wanandi, S.I., 2011. Low activity of manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in blood of lung cancer patients with smoking history: relationship to oxidative stress. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP, 12(11), pp.3049–3053.
Martiniuk, A. et al., 2010. Burden of lung cancer deaths due to smoking for men and women in the WHO Western Pacific and South East Asian regions. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP, 11(1), pp.67–72.
Mason, D.P. et al., 2009. Impact of smoking cessation before resection of lung cancer: a Society of Thoracic Surgeons General Thoracic Surgery Database study. The Annals of thoracic surgery, 88(2), pp.362–370; discussion 370–371.
Meguid, R.A. et al., 2010. Long-term survival outcomes by smoking status in surgical and nonsurgical patients with non-small cell lung cancer: comparing never smokers and current smokers. Chest, 138(3), pp.500–509.
Mendez, D. et al., 2011. The impact of declining smoking on radon-related lung cancer in the United States. American journal of public health, 101(2), pp.310–314.
Mitchell, P. et al., 2012. Smoking history as a predictive factor of treatment response in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review. Clinical lung cancer, 13(4), pp.239–251.
Mong, C. et al., 2011. High prevalence of lung cancer in a surgical cohort of lung cancer patients a decade after smoking cessation. Journal of cardiothoracic surgery, 6, p.19.
Moolgavkar, S.H. et al., 2012. Impact of reduced tobacco smoking on lung cancer mortality in the United States during 1975-2000. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 104(7), pp.541–548.
Morabia, A. & Szklo, M., 2010. Re: Smoking and lung cancer: recent evidence and a discussion of some questions. International journal of epidemiology, 39(6), p.1676.
Na, I.I. et al., 2011. Significance of smoking history and FDG uptake for pathological N2 staging in clinical N2-negative non-small-cell lung cancer. Annals of oncology: official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology / ESMO, 22(9), pp.2068–2072.
Nagakura, H. et al., 2012. The Impact of a Negative History of Smoking on Survival in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Detected with Clinic-based Screening Programs. Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan), 51(22), pp.3115–3118.
Nagathihalli, N.S. et al., 2012. Smoking Induces Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer through HDAC-Mediated Downregulation of E-Cadherin. Molecular cancer therapeutics, 11(11), pp.2362–2372.
Nakanishi, R. et al., 2010. [Effects of smoking on video-assisted thoracic surgery lobectomy for lung cancer]. Journal of UOEH, 32(1), pp.45–52.
Nguyen, S.K.A. et al., 2010. Influence of smoking status on treatment outcomes after post-operative radiation therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer. Radiotherapy and oncology: journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology, 96(1), pp.89–93.
Nkosi, T.M. et al., 2012. Socioeconomic position and lung cancer risk: how important is the modeling of smoking? Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.), 23(3), pp.377–385.
Ohba, T. et al., 2009. Expression of an X-family DNA polymerase, pol lambda, in the respiratory epithelium of non-small cell lung cancer patients with habitual smoking. Mutation research, 677(1-2), pp.66–71.
Okeh, U.M., 2009. Statistical measure of association between smoking and lung cancer in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State Nigeria. East African journal of public health, 6 Suppl(1), pp.23–29.
Osawa, K. et al., 2010. APEX1 Asp148Glu gene polymorphism is a risk factor for lung cancer in relation to smoking in Japanese. Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention: APJCP, 11(5), pp.1181–1186.
Ou, S.-H.I., Ziogas, A. & Zell, J.A., 2009. Asian ethnicity is a favorable prognostic factor for overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is independent of smoking status. Journal of thoracic oncology: official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, 4(9), pp.1083–1093.
Ou, S.-H.I., Ziogas, A. & Zell, J.A., 2010. A comparison study of clinicopathologic characteristics of Southern California Asian American Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients by smoking status. Journal of thoracic oncology: official publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer, 5(2), pp.158–168.
Papadopoulos, A. et al., 2011. Cigarette smoking and lung cancer in women: results of the French ICARE case-control study. Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 74(3), pp.369–377.
Park, Ji Young et al., 2010. Impact of smoking on lung cancer risk is stronger in those with the homozygous aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 null allele in a Japanese population. Carcinogenesis, 31(4), pp.660–665.
Park, S.K. et al., 2010. Lung cancer risk and cigarette smoking, lung tuberculosis according to histologic type and gender in a population based case-control study. Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 68(1), pp.20–26.
Parsons, A. et al., 2010. Influence of smoking cessation after diagnosis of early stage lung cancer on prognosis: systematic review of observational studies with meta-analysis. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 340, p.b5569.
Pavlovska, I., Orovchanec, N. & Zafirova-Ivanovska, B., 2008. Lung cancer and the smoking habit - case control study. Prilozi / Makedonska akademija na naukite i umetnostite, Oddelenie za bioloski i medicinski nauki = Contributions / Macedonian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Section of Biological and Medical Sciences, 29(2), pp.269–280.
Peluso, M. et al., 2010. Smoking, DNA adducts and number of risk DNA repair alleles in lung cancer cases, in subjects with benign lung diseases and in controls. Journal of nucleic acids, 2010, p.386798.
Pesch, B. et al., 2012. Cigarette smoking and lung cancer--relative risk estimates for the major histological types from a pooled analysis of case-control studies. International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer, 131(5), pp.1210–1219.
Pierce, J.P. et al., 2010. Forty years of faster decline in cigarette smoking in California explains current lower lung cancer rates. Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention: a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 19(11), pp.2801–2810.
Poghosyan, H., Kennedy Sheldon, L. & Cooley, M.E., 2012. The impact of computed tomography screening for lung cancer on smoking behaviors: a teachable moment? Cancer nursing, 35(6), pp.446–475.
Poullis, M. et al., 2012. Smoking status at diagnosis and histology type as determinants of long-term outcomes of lung cancer patients. European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery: official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery.
Prasad, R., Singhal, S. & Garg, R., 2009. Bidi smoking and lung cancer. Bioscience trends, 3(2), pp.41–43.
Printz, C., 2010. Smoking decline reduces lung cancer disparity. Cancer, 116(10), p.2289.
:
:
Zhang, Y. & Liu, C., 2012. The interaction between smoking and GSTM1 variant on lung cancer in the Chinese population. Tumour biology: the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine.
Zhang, Z. et al., 2012. Cigarette smoking strongly modifies the association of complement factor H variant and the risk of lung cancer. Cancer epidemiology, 36(2), pp.e111–115.
Zhao, H. et al., 2010. [Meta-analysis of the relationship between passive smoking population in China and lung cancer]. Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer, 13(6), pp.617–623.
Zhu, X.-X., Hu, C.-P. & Gu, Q.-H., 2010. [CYP1A1 polymorphisms, lack of glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1), cooking oil fumes and lung cancer risk in non-smoking women]. Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases, 33(11), pp.817–822.
Zou, X. et al., 2009. [Study on the relations between smoking and the risk of age-specific lung cancer deaths in urban and rural areas of China]. Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi, 30(9), pp.907–910.
Zwahlen, M., 2009. Commentary: Cornfield on cigarette smoking and lung cancer and how to assess causality. International journal of epidemiology, 38(5), pp.1197–1198.
 
It's to help fight cancer.

Many people don't realise that smoking is also very bad for those around them. Had a friend who got lung cancer & has since passed away. She didn't smoke but worked for people who were heavy smokers.

cud she be smoking cigars//////////>???
 
How was cigarette discovered? Who is the first man to dry tobacco leaves for smoking? Why and what circumstances made him do so?

Man like animals probably seek treatment from nature when ill. Tobacco is probably one of those cures. However, excessive consumption become harmful.
 
Back
Top