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Serious Welcome to ArseTrailer, Just stay away from our beloved Sydney and Melbourne

Asterix

Alfrescian (Inf)
Asset
New migrants wanting to settle in Australia may soon face a big condition on their stay: Sydney and Melbourne will be off limits.

Prime Minister Scott Morrison’s government is in the early stages of drafting plans to force thousands of migrants to settle outside the nation’s two largest cities. It’s seeking to address concerns about rapid population growth and the impact on infrastructure ahead of an election that must be called by May.

The influx of immigrants that’s equivalent to one person arriving in Australia every minute is causing a backlash in the biggest cities. While the flood of arrivals has swelled the population by 50 percent over the past three decades and underpinned economic growth, residents are frustrated that their quality of life has been compromised, with house prices too high, roads clogged and wages stagnant.

“We are working on measures to have more new arrivals go to the smaller states and regions and require them to be there for at least a few years,” Population and Urban Infrastructure Minister Alan Tudge said in a speech Tuesday that announced elements of the new policy. “In that time, the evidence suggests that many will make it their home for the long term.”

The measures may affect just under half of the total intake, specifically those not sponsored to work in a major city by companies or granted visas to join their families, he said. The government is also investigating faster rail links between big cities and regional
centres.

“There clearly is a concentration of migration purely into Sydney and Melbourne,” Steven Ciobo, a member of Morrison’s cabinet, said in a Sky News interview on Tuesday. “We know that’s putting immense pressure on a range of areas.”

While governments from the U.S. to the U.K to Europe have clamped down on immigration, Australia has taken the opposite route: its permanent migration program welcomed almost 184,000 new arrivals in fiscal 2017.

Just over half of Australians think the total number of migrants coming to Australia each year is either “about right” or “too low,” according to a Lowy Institute survey published in June 2017. Four in 10 said the number was too high.

Australia’s so-called points system for assessing potential migrants sees skilled workers ranked by their need, and they must also pass health and character tests. Those becoming citizens must first pass an English-language quiz on the nation’s constitution, history and values.

India is the biggest source of skilled migrants, comprising 21 percent in fiscal 2017, followed by China on 15 percent and the U.K. with 9 percent.

https://www.google.com.hk/amp/s/www...ustralia-okay-but-forget-sydney-and-melbourne
 

JohnTan

Alfrescian (InfP)
Generous Asset
How about Lebanon, Pakistan, Iraq, Syria, Afghanistan?

Aren't there lots of migrants from these places to Australia too?
 

Hypocrite-The

Alfrescian
Loyal
New migrants wanting to settle in Australia may soon face a big condition on their stay: Sydney and Melbourne will be off limits.

Prime Minister Scott Morrison’s government is in the early stages of drafting plans to force thousands of migrants to settle outside the nation’s two largest cities. It’s seeking to address concerns about rapid population growth and the impact on infrastructure ahead of an election that must be called by May.

The influx of immigrants that’s equivalent to one person arriving in Australia every minute is causing a backlash in the biggest cities. While the flood of arrivals has swelled the population by 50 percent over the past three decades and underpinned economic growth, residents are frustrated that their quality of life has been compromised, with house prices too high, roads clogged and wages stagnant.

“We are working on measures to have more new arrivals go to the smaller states and regions and require them to be there for at least a few years,” Population and Urban Infrastructure Minister Alan Tudge said in a speech Tuesday that announced elements of the new policy. “In that time, the evidence suggests that many will make it their home for the long term.”

The measures may affect just under half of the total intake, specifically those not sponsored to work in a major city by companies or granted visas to join their families, he said. The government is also investigating faster rail links between big cities and regional
centres.

“There clearly is a concentration of migration purely into Sydney and Melbourne,” Steven Ciobo, a member of Morrison’s cabinet, said in a Sky News interview on Tuesday. “We know that’s putting immense pressure on a range of areas.”

While governments from the U.S. to the U.K to Europe have clamped down on immigration, Australia has taken the opposite route: its permanent migration program welcomed almost 184,000 new arrivals in fiscal 2017.

Just over half of Australians think the total number of migrants coming to Australia each year is either “about right” or “too low,” according to a Lowy Institute survey published in June 2017. Four in 10 said the number was too high.

Australia’s so-called points system for assessing potential migrants sees skilled workers ranked by their need, and they must also pass health and character tests. Those becoming citizens must first pass an English-language quiz on the nation’s constitution, history and values.

India is the biggest source of skilled migrants, comprising 21 percent in fiscal 2017, followed by China on 15 percent and the U.K. with 9 percent.

https://www.google.com.hk/amp/s/www...ustralia-okay-but-forget-sydney-and-melbourne
How is the gahmen going to implement such a policy? N after 2 years all will move into the cities than what difference does it make? Dumb ass policies n politicians talking through their ass
 

tanwahtiu

Alfrescian
Loyal
D Trump mentality. He can Increase tarrif and if you retailate he gets angry and threaten increase more...

End up CAM loser...

How is the gahmen going to implement such a policy? N after 2 years all will move into the cities than what difference does it make? Dumb ass policies n politicians talking through their ass
 

Hypocrite-The

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Loyal
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Foreign students left out of Government's regional migration push despite growing impact
BY POLITICAL REPORTERS ELLEN COULTER ANDJACKSON GOTHE-SNAPEUPDATED YESTERDAY AT 3:53PM
Email Facebook Twitter WhatsApp

PHOTO
Alan Tudge argues Australia's major cities are too congested, and migrants should be sent to regional centres.
ABC NEWS: MATT ROBERTS
Australia's Minister for Population has left out international students in his vision to bust congestion, despite this group's increasing impact on the country's biggest cities.
Key points:
  • Government flags intention to redirect permanent migrants to regions
  • Geographic restrictions for international students not raised despite group's growing impact
  • PM Scott Morrison has previously flagged moves to slow international students in Melbourne and Sydney
Alan Tudge used a speech today to highlight the population pressures on Melbourne, Sydney and south-east Queensland.
These areas have accounted for three-quarters of Australia's total population growth over the past five years.
Mr Tudge said 87 per cent of all skilled migrants — and almost all the intake of humanitarian migrants — were going to Sydney and Melbourne.
"If we had a better distribution of the growth across the country it would take the pressure off those big cities and help the development of the regional areas and the smaller states," Mr Tudge told Radio National.
However he did not address the impact of international students, despite this group growing by around 40,000 in the previous year and the Prime Minister flagging possible restrictions in recent weeks.
In an interview on Miranda Devine Live last month, Scott Morrison said that the Government has some "levers to pull" in order to direct a greater share of students to regional universities.
It followed an interview earlier in September in the Sydney Morning Herald in which he flagged potential restrictions on the number of international students at big city universities.
"There could be a case for it in Melbourne or the University of New South Wales or UTS (the University of Technology, Sydney)", he said.
However Mr Morrison was reluctant to discuss possible changes at a press conference following Mr Tudge's speech.
"We would have to be very careful when it comes to the education industry," Mr Morrison said.
"We don't engage in policies that will hold our economy back."
Temporary migration overlooked
ANU demographer Liz Allen said the Government neglected the impact of temporary migration, which included international students.
"In terms of the numbers, we had a former prime minister say if you're worried about congestion, it's not so much permanent migration, it's the temporary flow particularly of students in our major centres," she said.
In April, Mr Morrison's predecessor Malcolm Turnbull described the growth in foreign students as the "single biggest driver" of immigration growth.
PHOTO Former prime minister Malcolm Turnbull linked public transport congestion to a growth in foreign students.
TWITTER: MALCOLM TURNBULL

"There are around 200,000 more foreign students in Australia today than there were a few years ago," he said.
"That is the single biggest driving factor (of immigration growth).
"So if you feel there are more foreigners on the tram and you can't get a seat on the tram, that is because of that, if that's your perception."
Dr Allen described the situation as "problematic" because changes to student intakes had an adverse effect on one of the country's largest exports.
International education is worth approximately $30 billion to the Australian economy.
Instead Mr Tudge's speech focused on options for the permanent migration program, specifically matching the skills of migrants with regional needs, as well as infrastructure investment and population planning.
He said regional incentives could apply to up to 45 per cent of permanent migrants — approximately 70,000 visas each year.
Labor labels plan a 'thought bubble'
In 2010, Mr Morrison, who was then the Opposition's immigration spokesman, said less than 10 per cent of migrants settled in regional areas, and argued debate on population could not happen without a debate on immigration numbers.
"The Government says it is not about immigration and they want to put out this false hope that they can move all these people around the country differently," Mr Morrison said at the time.
"So to hold out some false hope that this problem's going to be solved because a Population Minister is going to fantastically move people around like has never been done before in our history, is I think unfair to the Australian people to suggest that that is realistic option, certainly in the short or medium term.
"Long term I think there are still real doubts."
On Tuesday, Mr Morrison said his 2010 comments were about permanent residents.
"You have no powers under the migration program to direct permanent migrants to live anywhere in the country," Mr Morrison said.
"But for temporary residents, those on temporary visas, non-permanent visas, then the powers the Commonwealth have are very, very different."
Opposition frontbencher Brendan O'Connor has slammed the migration plan as a "thought bubble".
Mr O'Connor said he would like experts to look at it, but the Goverment should start by looking at temporary visa levels and the implication for Australian workers.
Nick Parr, a demographer from Macquarie University, compared labour market outcomes of migrant groups with Australian-born residents in regional areas in 2012.
"We found that the labour market outcomes were broadly similar for the migrant population and the Australian-born population, which is a sign of success as we saw it," he said, although noted migrant women struggled to find work more than men.
He suggested there may be increased employment opportunities for migrants in regional areas as baby boomers working in industries such as nursing retire in coming decades.
While major population areas are struggling to cope with congestion, other smaller areas are pushing for more migration.
The Tasmanian government, for example, wants to increase that state's population from about 515,000 to 650,000 by 2050, and South Australian Premier Steven Marshall wants to grow his state's population by 15,000 people a year.
POSTED YESTERDAY AT 11:43AM
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Top of pageChange to standard view
 

Hypocrite-The

Alfrescian
Loyal
ABC Home
OpenSitesmenu - use enter key to open and tab key to navigate
Log In
Search ABC NewsOpen menu
NEWS HOME
Foreign students left out of Government's regional migration push despite growing impact
BY POLITICAL REPORTERS ELLEN COULTER ANDJACKSON GOTHE-SNAPEUPDATED YESTERDAY AT 3:53PM
Email Facebook Twitter WhatsApp

PHOTO
Alan Tudge argues Australia's major cities are too congested, and migrants should be sent to regional centres.
ABC NEWS: MATT ROBERTS
Australia's Minister for Population has left out international students in his vision to bust congestion, despite this group's increasing impact on the country's biggest cities.
Key points:
  • Government flags intention to redirect permanent migrants to regions
  • Geographic restrictions for international students not raised despite group's growing impact
  • PM Scott Morrison has previously flagged moves to slow international students in Melbourne and Sydney
Alan Tudge used a speech today to highlight the population pressures on Melbourne, Sydney and south-east Queensland.
These areas have accounted for three-quarters of Australia's total population growth over the past five years.
Mr Tudge said 87 per cent of all skilled migrants — and almost all the intake of humanitarian migrants — were going to Sydney and Melbourne.
"If we had a better distribution of the growth across the country it would take the pressure off those big cities and help the development of the regional areas and the smaller states," Mr Tudge told Radio National.
However he did not address the impact of international students, despite this group growing by around 40,000 in the previous year and the Prime Minister flagging possible restrictions in recent weeks.
In an interview on Miranda Devine Live last month, Scott Morrison said that the Government has some "levers to pull" in order to direct a greater share of students to regional universities.
It followed an interview earlier in September in the Sydney Morning Herald in which he flagged potential restrictions on the number of international students at big city universities.
"There could be a case for it in Melbourne or the University of New South Wales or UTS (the University of Technology, Sydney)", he said.
However Mr Morrison was reluctant to discuss possible changes at a press conference following Mr Tudge's speech.
"We would have to be very careful when it comes to the education industry," Mr Morrison said.
"We don't engage in policies that will hold our economy back."
Temporary migration overlooked
ANU demographer Liz Allen said the Government neglected the impact of temporary migration, which included international students.
"In terms of the numbers, we had a former prime minister say if you're worried about congestion, it's not so much permanent migration, it's the temporary flow particularly of students in our major centres," she said.
In April, Mr Morrison's predecessor Malcolm Turnbull described the growth in foreign students as the "single biggest driver" of immigration growth.
PHOTO Former prime minister Malcolm Turnbull linked public transport congestion to a growth in foreign students.
TWITTER: MALCOLM TURNBULL

"There are around 200,000 more foreign students in Australia today than there were a few years ago," he said.
"That is the single biggest driving factor (of immigration growth).
"So if you feel there are more foreigners on the tram and you can't get a seat on the tram, that is because of that, if that's your perception."
Dr Allen described the situation as "problematic" because changes to student intakes had an adverse effect on one of the country's largest exports.
International education is worth approximately $30 billion to the Australian economy.
Instead Mr Tudge's speech focused on options for the permanent migration program, specifically matching the skills of migrants with regional needs, as well as infrastructure investment and population planning.
He said regional incentives could apply to up to 45 per cent of permanent migrants — approximately 70,000 visas each year.
Labor labels plan a 'thought bubble'
In 2010, Mr Morrison, who was then the Opposition's immigration spokesman, said less than 10 per cent of migrants settled in regional areas, and argued debate on population could not happen without a debate on immigration numbers.
"The Government says it is not about immigration and they want to put out this false hope that they can move all these people around the country differently," Mr Morrison said at the time.
"So to hold out some false hope that this problem's going to be solved because a Population Minister is going to fantastically move people around like has never been done before in our history, is I think unfair to the Australian people to suggest that that is realistic option, certainly in the short or medium term.
"Long term I think there are still real doubts."
On Tuesday, Mr Morrison said his 2010 comments were about permanent residents.
"You have no powers under the migration program to direct permanent migrants to live anywhere in the country," Mr Morrison said.
"But for temporary residents, those on temporary visas, non-permanent visas, then the powers the Commonwealth have are very, very different."
Opposition frontbencher Brendan O'Connor has slammed the migration plan as a "thought bubble".
Mr O'Connor said he would like experts to look at it, but the Goverment should start by looking at temporary visa levels and the implication for Australian workers.
Nick Parr, a demographer from Macquarie University, compared labour market outcomes of migrant groups with Australian-born residents in regional areas in 2012.
"We found that the labour market outcomes were broadly similar for the migrant population and the Australian-born population, which is a sign of success as we saw it," he said, although noted migrant women struggled to find work more than men.
He suggested there may be increased employment opportunities for migrants in regional areas as baby boomers working in industries such as nursing retire in coming decades.
While major population areas are struggling to cope with congestion, other smaller areas are pushing for more migration.
The Tasmanian government, for example, wants to increase that state's population from about 515,000 to 650,000 by 2050, and South Australian Premier Steven Marshall wants to grow his state's population by 15,000 people a year.
POSTED YESTERDAY AT 11:43AM
SHARE
Email Facebook Twitter WhatsApp
RELATED
Turnbull, Dutton will consider population growth committee but say migration program is working
Australia's population still growing strongly despite a slowdown in migration
Abbott says PM has 'knickers in a twist' over migration policy
Dutton, Morrison dismiss Abbott's migration push
Top Stories
  1. Premier 'upset' over Opera House stoush as protesters disrupt horse race lights
  2. Government issues apology for 'agony and pain' caused by vaginal mesh
  3. Nikki Haley resigns as US ambassador to the UN, as Trump rules out choosing Ivanka
  4. Opinion: We have a 'big bulge' of baby boomers and we need a plan
  5. Religious freedom panel recommends schools be able to turn away gay students
  6. More than half of women believe pap smears detect this cancer. They're wrong
  7. Banking lobby group seeks overhaul so dead customers can't be charged fees
  8. Does diplomatic immunity make it possible to get away with murder?
  9. Why America's Supreme Court mess could happen here too
  10. Royal Adelaide Hospital builder ordered to pay Chinese cladding company almost $2 million
  11. Opinion: Six things you can do to get boys reading more
  12. NSW Premier calls for immigration to the state to be halved
  13. Big wet moves crocs to new homes in WA's Kimberley, but researchers don't know where
  14. Stress busters to help you manage your latest work crisis
  15. 'Devastated': Vandals wreck disability charity's entire fleet of cars
  16. NRL fans see triple the alcohol ads of AFL fans during finals TV coverage
  17. El Nino alert declared by Bureau of Meteorology
  18. Want a tender steak? Science could serve it up with shockwave technology
  19. Australia suffers dramatic collapse to be all out for 202 against Pakistan
  20. 'Disgraceful': Student activists rally against 'weapons research' at Adelaide university
  21. Man released after questioning over rape and murder of Bulgarian journalist
MORE FROM ABC NEWS
Top of pageChange to standard view
The reason is no foreign student will stay in regional areas for their education n the education sector is worth alot of money. Money talks n BS walks
 

Hypocrite-The

Alfrescian
Loyal
For this model to succeed. There must be proper investment in infrastructure etc which Aust has consistently failed in doing a good job. If the Oz govt invests correctly than no issues.

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Sending migrants to country towns will hurt cities like Sydney
OPINION BY CHRIS JOHNSONUPDATED ABOUT 4 HOURS AGO
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PHOTO
Sydney needs IT experts, finance experts, creative industry workers and these people are urban dwellers.
AAP: DEAN LEWINS
The Federal Government's populist ploy to appear to be relieving Australian capital cities of their growing pains byforcing migrants to live in country townsis the wrong solution.
The migrants we are talking about are the skilled migrants that are needed to balance the increasing number of retirees leaving the work force.
The NSW Intergenerational Report issued a year ago indicated that 40 years ago there were seven income-earning workers for each retiree; this has now dropped to four and projected to fall to 2.4 in 40 years' time.
It is the big bulge of baby boomers who are moving out of work that signal the need for skilled migration.
The people we need are IT experts, finance experts, creative industry workers and these people are urban dwellers.
Just like their equivalents in New York, London and Singapore, they want the excitement of a big city. Look at Atlassian as an example. This computer software company is now a world leader and its office is in Martin Place right in the middle of the city.
What kind of cities do we want?
Sydney has a choice; we can keep growing and be a world leader with the best jobs underpinned by a metro rail network or we can pull up the draw bridge and say we do not want global connections.
In the first model we need to follow the lead of New York and London with the way they have managed their growth. In the second model Melbourne, Singapore and Shanghai will move forward while Sydney slides.
London, for example, is developing new urban renewal projects that are on top of new underground rail lines that are all about a mixture of jobs, homes, amenities, parks, child care and schools.
The hard and soft infrastructure comes with the development not after. Battersea Park urban renewal in London is a classic example. There are 3,500 new homes in apartments, 15,000 new jobs including the 1,400 staff at the Apple campus, along with parkland and community facilities.
Across the Atlantic, New York is building a whole new town within the city structure called Hudson Yards on 28 acres of underused railway land. This development includes 4,000 new homes and 100,000 square metres of office space as well as three parks, a school, a hotel and extensive retail space.
London and New York were once cities the same size as Sydney is now at 5 million people but both have grown to 8 million. They went through growing pains and built new subway and underground lines. London now has two crossrail projects as the city keeps humming by moving commuters from cars to trains.
Sydney is at the threshold of catching up with the economic dominance of London and New York, but we won't get there if we falter in our transition and try to push the growth to country towns.
PHOTO Already 30 per cent of Sydney's homes are in apartments.
REUTERS: DAVID GRAY, FILE PHOTO
Growing pains can be eased
Part of the current growing pain is caused by the appearance of a new urban form of living in apartments.
This is a different way of living than that of the low density suburban model but at the 2016 census, 30 per cent of Sydney's homes are in apartments. A growing number of people are preferring this lifestyle.
Yet politicians often say that apartment living is not the Australian way, it not what the community wants, but a third of the community already live this lifestyle.
Previous governments have tried to get more growth in regional cities like Albury and Bathurst and they have failed. There may be some potential to get people to move to coastal cities like Wollongong and Newcastle, but this will be in small numbers.
What we need to do is not to blink at the concerns over the growing pains of Australian cities, but continue on the growth path set by our state governments.
It is the NSW Government and the Greater Sydney Commission who are targeting Sydney's growth up to 8 million and they have a plan to achieve this, including a long-term transport plan.
Just because we have reached a tension point in Sydney's growth doesn't mean we change tack.
We need strong advocacy to ensure Sydney becomes a different place, but one that has the amenities and lifestyle that makes the city special.
Chris Johnson is chief executive of Urban Taskforce.
POSTED ABOUT 4 HOURS AGO
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Foreign students left out of Government's regional migration push despite growing impact
Top Stories

  1. Premier 'upset' over Opera House stoush as protesters disrupt horse race lights

  2. Government issues apology for 'agony and pain' caused by vaginal mesh

  3. Nikki Haley resigns as US ambassador to the UN, as Trump rules out choosing Ivanka
  4. Opinion: We have a 'big bulge' of baby boomers and we need a plan
  5. Religious freedom panel recommends schools be able to turn away gay students
  6. More than half of women believe pap smears detect this cancer. They're wrong
  7. Banking lobby group seeks overhaul so dead customers can't be charged fees
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  9. Why America's Supreme Court mess could happen here too
  10. Royal Adelaide Hospital builder ordered to pay Chinese cladding company almost $2 million
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  13. Big wet moves crocs to new homes in WA's Kimberley, but researchers don't know where
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  15. 'Devastated': Vandals wreck disability charity's entire fleet of cars
  16. NRL fans see triple the alcohol ads of AFL fans during finals TV coverage
  17. El Nino alert declared by Bureau of Meteorology
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  19. Australia suffers dramatic collapse to be all out for 202 against Pakistan
  20. 'Disgraceful': Student activists rally against 'weapons research' at Adelaide university
  21. Man released after questioning over rape and murder of Bulgarian journalist
MORE FROM ABC NEWS
Top of pageChange to standard view
 

50000

Alfrescian
Loyal
just create a few new suburbs, give them names like - New Mumbai, New Shanghai maybe even New Yishun. I'm sure they'll be filled up easily
 

Hypocrite-The

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Decentralising migration doesn't work, history shows
7.30 BY ANDY PARK AND PAIGE MACKENZIEABOUT 4 HOURS AGO
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PHOTO
Entry to the Bonegilla Reception Centre.
SUPPLIED: ALBURY LIBRARY MUSEUM
Population Minister Alan Tudge last week raised the idea that new migrants be sent to regions outside Australia's major cities, as part of their visa conditions.
What many Australians don't realise is that the Minister is reprising a model first imposed upon newly arrived migrants after World War II.
"Too often politicians say we just need to shift, we just need to decentralise, we just need to shift Australia's population growth to other regions," economist Leith van Onselen told 7.30.
"Australia's been trying to decentralise for 100 years without much success.​
"I think it's a bit of a pipe dream to think you can create migrant-proof fences and electronic tags and somehow hold migrants to regional areas."
Bonegilla

PHOTO Children play between the rows of huts at Bonegilla in 1949.
NATIONAL ARCHIVES OF AUSTRALIA

After World War II, Australia took in hundreds of thousands of migrants from war-torn Europe.
Many of them passed through the Bonegilla Migrant Reception Centre, a disused army camp outside Wodonga.
It has been described as Australia's Ellis Island.
About 5 per cent of the population can be traced back to migrants who began their lives in Australia at Bonegilla.
"One in 20 Australians are descended from someone who came through this place," Dr Bruce Pennay, a rural heritage historian at Charles Sturt University, told 7.30.
"That kind of emphasises why this place is Australia's migration moment."
And while it is heralded as having paved the way for a multi-cultural Australia, it didn't achieve the same degree of success in decentralising the population.
Despite more than 310,000 migrants passing through the former army camp over 24 years, only a small number of these people went on to live in the area.
"Some people talk about putting them in a sheep dip of country life and seeing what it was like," Dr Pennay said.
"There was always that hope that it would decentralise Australia."​
Those who stayed

PHOTO Doine Eitler remembers Bonegilla being an adventure.
ABC NEWS

Doina Eitler's family was among the first to move in to Bonegilla after leaving Romania.
"We arrived here on May 14, 1949," she told 7.30.
"We were cold, we were tired, and the first thing they gave us was a cup of pea soup.
"But next morning, I thought it was the most lovely thing I have ever heard — I didn't know what it was, but it was the magpies, their carolling.
"And I've always associated the magpies carolling with coming to Australia."
Her family was one of those who stayed in the area.
"There was a whole boatload of us that came out," she said. "A lot of our group stayed in the area, they managed to get jobs in the area and they stayed.​
"Being in a country town people did trust us more — even though we were different.
"They trusted us."

PHOTO Rainer Klepiak returns to Bonegilla.
ABC NEWS: ANDY PARK

Rainer Klepiak's family called Bonegilla home for six years.
They also stayed in the area, settling in Wodonga.
"All we got told from Mum and Dad, they just sat us down and said from now on we do what the Australians do," he said.
"We speak Australian, we act Australian and we are going to be Australians.
"And that's what we did."
But both the Eitlers and the Klepiaks were in the minority.
"I think [the] majority eventually found their way to cities after the two-year contract," Dr Pennay said.
The pull of the city

PHOTO Abul Rizvi says the economic pull of cities will always attract people.
ABC NEWS

Abul Rizvi spent two decades at the most senior levels of Australia's Immigration Department, during a time of dramatic change.
"Whilst the media and the public were transfixed by the asylum-seeker and boat-arrivals debate, we had over 3.6 million people arriving via planes, which transformed Australia in terms of skills, age and ethnic composition," he told 7.30.
He remains unconvinced that forcing new migrants to the regions will work in the long term.
"Since the mid '90s the government has been encouraging migrants to move to regional locations," he said.
"Those visas have grown steadily over the last 25 years, about 30 per cent of the skilled stream is allocated to those visas.
"So there's no shortage of migrants initially settling in those locations, but after that period they move on like any other young Australians.​
"The cities very much drive the economy and continue to bring in people," he said.
"Regional Australia continues to lose young people and therefore continues to age.
"In many ways regional Australia looks like [the aging population of] Japan."

PHOTO Dr Bruce Pennay thinks there are now better opportunities for migrants in regional areas.
ABC NEWS: JONATHAN HAIR

Dr Pennay argues this time things are different.
"If the Government adopted a policy of directing immigrants to regional areas, I can see that there would be opportunities there that would keep them there, that would keep them in regional areas, that weren't there when Bonegilla was operating," he said.
But Leith van Onselen says this latest idea is doomed to failure, like all previous attempts.
"It's just really not possible and it's really not realistic," he said.
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Foreign students left out of Government's regional migration push despite growing impact
BY POLITICAL REPORTERS ELLEN COULTERAND JACKSON GOTHE-SNAPEUPDATED TUE 9 OCT 2018, 6:53 PM AEDT
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PHOTO
Alan Tudge argues Australia's major cities are too congested, and migrants should be sent to regional centres.
ABC NEWS: MATT ROBERTS
Australia's Minister for Population has left out international students in his vision to bust congestion, despite this group's increasing impact on the country's biggest cities.
Key points:
  • Government flags intention to redirect permanent migrants to regions
  • Geographic restrictions for international students not raised despite group's growing impact
  • PM Scott Morrison has previously flagged moves to slow international students in Melbourne and Sydney
Alan Tudge used a speech today to highlight the population pressures on Melbourne, Sydney and south-east Queensland.
These areas have accounted for three-quarters of Australia's total population growth over the past five years.
Mr Tudge said 87 per cent of all skilled migrants — and almost all the intake of humanitarian migrants — were going to Sydney and Melbourne.
"If we had a better distribution of the growth across the country it would take the pressure off those big cities and help the development of the regional areas and the smaller states," Mr Tudge told Radio National.
However he did not address the impact of international students, despite this group growing by around 40,000 in the previous year and the Prime Minister flagging possible restrictions in recent weeks.
In an interview on Miranda Devine Live last month, Scott Morrison said that the Government has some "levers to pull" in order to direct a greater share of students to regional universities.
It followed an interview earlier in September in the Sydney Morning Herald in which he flagged potential restrictions on the number of international students at big city universities.
"There could be a case for it in Melbourne or the University of New South Wales or UTS (the University of Technology, Sydney)", he said.
However Mr Morrison was reluctant to discuss possible changes at a press conference following Mr Tudge's speech.
"We would have to be very careful when it comes to the education industry," Mr Morrison said.
"We don't engage in policies that will hold our economy back."
Temporary migration overlooked
ANU demographer Liz Allen said the Government neglected the impact of temporary migration, which included international students.
"In terms of the numbers, we had a former prime minister say if you're worried about congestion, it's not so much permanent migration, it's the temporary flow particularly of students in our major centres," she said.
In April, Mr Morrison's predecessor Malcolm Turnbull described the growth in foreign students as the "single biggest driver" of immigration growth.
PHOTO Former prime minister Malcolm Turnbull linked public transport congestion to a growth in foreign students.
TWITTER: MALCOLM TURNBULL

"There are around 200,000 more foreign students in Australia today than there were a few years ago," he said.
"That is the single biggest driving factor (of immigration growth).
"So if you feel there are more foreigners on the tram and you can't get a seat on the tram, that is because of that, if that's your perception."
Dr Allen described the situation as "problematic" because changes to student intakes had an adverse effect on one of the country's largest exports.
International education is worth approximately $30 billion to the Australian economy.
Instead Mr Tudge's speech focused on options for the permanent migration program, specifically matching the skills of migrants with regional needs, as well as infrastructure investment and population planning.
He said regional incentives could apply to up to 45 per cent of permanent migrants — approximately 70,000 visas each year.
Labor labels plan a 'thought bubble'
In 2010, Mr Morrison, who was then the Opposition's immigration spokesman, said less than 10 per cent of migrants settled in regional areas, and argued debate on population could not happen without a debate on immigration numbers.
"The Government says it is not about immigration and they want to put out this false hope that they can move all these people around the country differently," Mr Morrison said at the time.
"So to hold out some false hope that this problem's going to be solved because a Population Minister is going to fantastically move people around like has never been done before in our history, is I think unfair to the Australian people to suggest that that is realistic option, certainly in the short or medium term.
"Long term I think there are still real doubts."
On Tuesday, Mr Morrison said his 2010 comments were about permanent residents.
"You have no powers under the migration program to direct permanent migrants to live anywhere in the country," Mr Morrison said.
"But for temporary residents, those on temporary visas, non-permanent visas, then the powers the Commonwealth have are very, very different."
Opposition frontbencher Brendan O'Connor has slammed the migration plan as a "thought bubble".
Mr O'Connor said he would like experts to look at it, but the Goverment should start by looking at temporary visa levels and the implication for Australian workers.
Nick Parr, a demographer from Macquarie University, compared labour market outcomes of migrant groups with Australian-born residents in regional areas in 2012.
"We found that the labour market outcomes were broadly similar for the migrant population and the Australian-born population, which is a sign of success as we saw it," he said, although noted migrant women struggled to find work more than men.
He suggested there may be increased employment opportunities for migrants in regional areas as baby boomers working in industries such as nursing retire in coming decades.
While major population areas are struggling to cope with congestion, other smaller areas are pushing for more migration.
The Tasmanian government, for example, wants to increase that state's population from about 515,000 to 650,000 by 2050, and South Australian Premier Steven Marshall wants to grow his state's population by 15,000 people a year.
POSTED TUE 9 OCT 2018, 2:43 PM AEDT
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