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Online analysis of Hwasong-15 Piak USA

Ang4MohTrump

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The figure assumed only a single attack from Rocket man, but I don't think he will do just a single attack at all. At least 3 and up to all the Hwasong-15 he got. Could be 10. All launched at a single breath at different cities of USA.

The effectiveness of nuking any country is nonlinear as the number of attacked cities increased. Possibly 2 simultaneously nuked cites could be up to 5X more effective than a single city. 5 simultaneously nuked cities can be as effective as nuking 20 cities. There so called psychological multiplication effects. The higher panic reactions itself will cause more effects. This was clearly exhibited during 911.

If Rocketman hit just only one city, Americans may still hang on and struggle to get back on feet. If 5 cities were gone at the same time, many will die of heart attacks and suicides and hysterical reactions. The American civil war may begin in chaos after nuke hits and stressed the existing divided nation beyond tolerance and government collapse.


http://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2017...war-with-north-korea-could-look-like.amp.html

NORTH KOREA

Published August 14, 2017
8 million dead - what nuclear war with North Korea could look like
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By Harry J. Kazianis, Fox News
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Missiles are driven past the stand with North Korean leader Kim Jong Un and other high ranking officials during a military parade marking the 105th birth anniversary of North Korea's founding father, Kim Il Sung, in Pyongyang, April 15, 2017. REUTERS/Sue-Lin Wong - RTS12FMN

The American public is once again having to learn history all over again.

Continue Reading Below


When it comes to North Korea, Americans are having to face the prospect of a rogue nation—a human rights abuser on par with Nazi Germany—that is now armed with nuclear weapons that can strike our homeland.

History reminds us we have been down this road before—whether it was with the Soviet Union building a deadly nuclear arsenal in the 1950s or China doing the same in the 1960s.

The collective shock and panic you see when it comes to North Korea—and the nightmare reality that they can hit the U.S. with nuclear weapons—is our generation’s “Sputnik” moment. While some are still in denial, the simple facts are now inescapable.

The collective shock and panic you see when it comes to North Korea—and the nightmare reality that they can hit the U.S. with nuclear weapons—is our generation’s ‘Sputnik’ moment.


So, the next question seems obvious: Would Kim Jong Un use his nuclear weapons under the right conditions, say if he felt his survival was threatened? The answer is a resounding yes.

Know this: if Pyongyang decided to launch a salvo of nuclear armed missiles towards Seoul, Tokyo, U.S. military bases or the homeland, the carnage unleashed would be unlike anything we have seen since the days of World War II. In such a scenario, millions upon millions of people could die or become the victims of radioactive fallout, whose injuries could lay dormant for years. It would be, per one senior Pentagon official I spoke to last week, “as if Lucifer opened the gates of hell.”

Continue Reading Below


Gaming out nuclear war scenarios—as horrific as they are—is part of my job working for a D.C. foreign policy think tank. Back in 2013, I took part in a series of wargames to consider what would happen if North Korea and America become entangled in a nuclear conflict. No matter how we approached such an atomic conflict the results were the same. There was no question millions of people would die—it was just a question of how many.

Over the course of several days, experts, journalists, academics and retired Pentagon staffers played out three scenarios of what a war with North Korea would look like – focusing on nuclear weapons use, and concluding one war per day in a sped-up fashion. We started with a scenario that involved atomic weapons release on a small scale and in the next two sessions raised the stakes dramatically.

The first wargame—the smallest and least lethal of the bunch—imagined a conflict in 2020 where U.S. and allied forces on the Korean Peninsula were attacked by surprise with conventional weapons only by North Korea, responding to intelligence that Washington was considering building forces in the region for a possible attack.

Kim decides to open this imagined Second Korean War by launching a massive artillery barrage on Seoul while raining down 250 or so small- and medium-range missiles on targets all around South Korea and Japan. Allied forces then counterattack, focusing mostly on Kim’s weapons of mass destruction, the biggest threat of all, eliminating what they think is all of them.

Eventually, allied forces battle their way up the peninsula and close in on Pyongyang, the capitol of North Korea. But Kim, even with his forces battered and bloody, kept four nuclear weapons hidden from U.S. strikes and decides to attack Seoul and Tokyo. While the allies do win the war, the casualties from the nuclear attacks—with one warhead each making it past allied missiles defenses detonating in each city—results in over one million people dead and millions more wounded. Add that to the likely staggering body count totals from what would be a bloody conventional campaign, and you would see a death toll that seems unthinkable today.

As if the above wasn’t bad enough, a second scenario involved Kim starting a conflict using nuclear weapons in a sort of atomic “Pearl Harbor.” In this exercise, we assume that in 2020 U.S. forces are building in the Asia-Pacific in preparation for a regime change operation, responding to a demand from the international community for North Korea to give up its nuclear weapons—just like the Second Gulf War.

But Kim Jong Un is a student of history. He knows once U.S. forces are in place they will try to take out his weapons of mass destruction and move across the 38thparallel. He decides to attack first. In this wargame, we assumed Kim launched successful nuclear strikes on Seoul, Pusan, Incheon, Tokyo, Sendai and Nagoya, with one nuclear weapon hitting each city and getting past allied missile defenses—he fires more, but this is what actually hits the target. Before the allies can even spring into action, over two million people perish in the atomic fire.

The final wargame was the most dramatic and led to the most loss of life. We assume a similar scenario in 2020 with allied forces getting ready for a possible invasion, but this time Kim decides to launch a pre-emptive attack on the U.S. homeland. We assume he strikes the target cities in the second scenario, but add on successful nuclear attacks on Los Angeles, San Francisco, Seattle and Portland. We were shocked to discover we ended up with a combined body count of over three million people between losses in Asia and America. Oh, and by the way, this is before America’s nuclear counterattack, which would add millions more to the total.

By the time this wargame ended, North Korea went all in with every weapon it had, launching more nuclear attacks along with chemical and biological weapons strikes. When it was over and North Korea was finally defeated, eight million people were killed.

Now, to be fair, a wargame does not predict the future and is nowhere near perfect in its analysis. However, experts conduct such exercises many times to game out worst-case scenarios and consider unconventional strategies for dealing with the threats of the future. But one thing we assumed in this scenario is quite haunting: we believed by 2020 Kim would have nuclear weapons that could be mounted on a warhead and could target all northeast Asia and hit the U.S. homeland, something some in the simulation thought was fantasy. Now it is a chilling reality—in 2017.

What can we take away from all of this?

While military options for removing Kim’s nuclear weapons, as you can see above, could result in the death of millions, we still have time to make sure North Korea can’t keep adding more and more advanced capabilities to its atomic arsenal.

The most important thing we can do now is stop the amount of resources flowing into North Korea and enforce the recently passed UN Security Council resolutions—and that means China must finally join the international communities’ efforts. If not, North Korea could get its hands on a hydrogen bomb or even more long-range missiles—something we did not consider in our wargames. If that day comes to pass, the above scenarios, played out with smaller atomic weapons, will seem downright optimistic. And that should send a chill up everyone’s spine.
 
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http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencet...g-vision-happen-America-hit-nuclear-bomb.html

'We are not prepared': Scientist outlines terrifying vision of what would happen if America was hit by a nuclear bomb
By Professor Cham Dallas For The Conversation01:38 GMT 12 Aug 2015, updated 03:43 GMT 12 Aug 2015

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+6
Latest From MailOnline
  • Cham Dallas looks at what might happen if 10kt nuclear bomb went off
  • Most of the 100,000 deaths would happen soon after the detonation
  • Local health care response capability would be largely eradicated
  • No real evacuation plans are in place, so survivors will be trapped
  • He says officials are in denial over the threat of nuclear weapons
As we observe the 70th anniversary of the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, it may seem like the threat from nuclear weapons has receded.

But it hasn't; the threat is actually increasing steadily.

This is difficult to face for many people, and this denial also means that we are not very well-prepared for nuclear and radiological events.

Scroll down for video

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+6
Professor Cham Dallas at University of Georgia says that many people are in denial over the threat of nuclear weapons, and as a result, the nation is not prepared for the consequences
WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF A 10 KILOTON NUKE HIT THE US?
The majority of deaths - around 100,000, depending on the area - would happen soon after the detonation.

No real evacuation plans are in place, so survivors will remain trapped in area.

Local health care response capability would be largely eradicated.

Damage will make it extremely difficult to respond, recover and rehabilitate.

Health care workers would have little to no familiarity with the treatment of radiation victims.

There would also be a massive number of laceration injuries from the breakage of virtually all glass in a wide area.

Large swaths of territory will be uninhabitable for decades.

Many could die from the effects years later, as the fallout spreads across the country.

What if a nuclear device were detonated in an urban area today?

As in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the majority of deaths would happen soon after the detonation, and the local health care response capability would be largely eradicated.

Models show that such an event in an urban area in particular will not only destroy the existing public health protections but will, most likely, make it extremely difficult to respond, recover and rehabilitate them.

With medical facilities decimated after a detonation, treating the injured will be a tremendous challenge.

Very few medical personnel today have the skills or knowledge to treat the kind and the quantity of injuries a nuclear blast can cause.

Health care workers would have little to no familiarity with the treatment of radiation victims.

Thermal burns would require enormous resources to treat even a single patient, and a large number of patients with these injuries will overwhelm any existing medical system.

There would also be a massive number of laceration injuries from the breakage of virtually all glass in a wide area.

Currently, it has not been worked out how medical systems in affected areas are supposed to cope with the overwhelming numbers of patients from an urban nuclear detonation.

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http://www.mercurynews.com/2017/08/...-ponder-the-unthinkable-a-nuclear-attack/amp/



North Korean threats make Bay Area ponder the unthinkable: a nuclear attack
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SAN FRANCISCO — For the first time since the end of the Cold War, Bay Area residents are being forced to confront the unthinkable: the possibility of a nuclear attack on our own soil.



FAQ: What do we know about North Korea’s nukes?
It’s a scenario that suddenly became real after reports that the North Korean government has figured out how to make a nuclear warhead small enough to fit on an intercontinental missile — and after President Donald Trump vowed North Koreans would face “fire and fury” if they continued making threats, in an apparently improvised public response.


A nuclear strike would be devastating to the Bay Area, and there’s no preparation that could avoid that. But there are a few simple steps — like staying inside instead of trying to flee — that can help prevent radiation poisoning and save lives, experts say.

As geopolitical tensions ramped up this week, the North Korean military said it is studying missile attacks on Guam — and the U.S. mainland. “The provocative war the U.S. has devised and plans to execute will be countered with a just all-out war of wiping out all the strongholds of the enemies, including the U.S. mainland,” a North Korean military spokesman said in a statement Tuesday.



It’s not clear how close the North Koreans actually are to being able to attack the West Coast or the rest of the United States. Even if their missiles can reach across the Pacific, one of the hardest parts of engineering a nuclear attack is getting the warhead to survive the re-entry into the earth’s atmosphere, and there’s no evidence yet that they’ve figured it out.

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But imagine that a missile attack succeeded, targeted on San Francisco. The latest North Korean nuclear test is estimated to have the explosive power of 20-30 kilotons — equivalent to 20,000 to 30,000 tons of TNT going off at once. That’s more than the 15- and 20-kiloton strength of the bombs the United States dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945, but far less than the 2,000-some kiloton Soviet missiles aimed at the U.S. during the height of the Cold War.

First, there would be an explosion — a fireball roughly a third of a mile wide with temperatures equal to the surface of the sun. A blast wave would knock down most buildings within a half-mile of the explosion. A flash of thermal energy would burn exposed people within a mile of the detonation and temporarily blind those looking toward it. Up to several miles away from the detonation, there would be less severe damage, like shattered windows.

Then, there would be deadly radiation. Debris from the explosion would be sucked upwards into a giant mushroom cloud and then carried downwind. This would be the threat that concerns most of us: Falling particles the size of grains of sands sprinkling down across the Bay Area would emit gamma rays that could give people severe radiation poisoning.

The most dangerous zone would be 10 to 20 miles downwind of the explosion, while some fallout could occur 100 miles away or farther, depending on the magnitude of the explosion. (Communities upwind and far enough away from the explosion would escape relatively unharmed.)

“The bottom line is you’re looking at an incredible human catastrophe,” said Jeffrey Lewis, a nuclear weapons expert at the James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies in Monterey. “The trick is to not have the nuclear war in the first place.”

The best thing to do in the event of an attack, experts say, is get inside, ideally in a basement or interior stairwell that puts as much building material between you and potential radiation as possible. Staying inside for 12 to 24 hours is best, but staying sheltered for at least the first hour is the most important.

“When you’re looking at a high population density area like the Bay Area, you can save hundreds of thousands of people from significant exposure if we just get people inside after the nuclear detonation,” said Brooke Buddemeier, a health physicist at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory who studies the effects of nuclear detonations.

San Francisco’s Department of Emergency Management doesn’t have specific preparations in place for a nuclear missile strike, but it has prepared for other nuclear events. “While a nuclear missile attack is a thing from the Cold War, what local agencies including ours have been planning and preparing for is a radiological device or a dirty bomb,” said Francis Zamora, a spokesman for the city’s department. Officials have stockpiles of radiation detection devices ready to go.

The first warnings of an imminent attack would come from federal radar, and local, state and federal officials would send out warning messages via phone alerts and broadcasts over air sirens — but it’s not clear how long we’d have between the first warnings and an attack.

Apple app store or the Google Play store.
Ray Riordan, the director of San Jose’s Office of Emergency Services, said that local officials would follow cues from the federal government. “What we would be responsible for is any of the consequences or impacts related to (an attack),” he said. The city’s fire department is currently going through training on responding to radioactive incidents, although it was long planned and wasn’t prompted by North Korea’s saber rattling, Riordan said.

Just because the Bay Area is on the West Coast doesn’t mean we’re a top target. “People are in total denial about how far those missiles go,” Lewis said. It’s likely that most of the U.S. mainland, including New York and Los Angeles, are in range of the regime.

A map in a 2013 North Korean propagandaphoto showed potential targets of Washington, D.C., the Pacific fleet in San Diego, the Pearl Harbor base in Honolulu, and several Air Force bases in middle America — not San Francisco or the Bay Area.

Julie Pullen, a professor at Stevens Institute of Technology who studies civil defense issues, said dramatic headlines about North Korea provided a good chance for officials to spread the word about best practices in the unlikely event of an attack. “I don’t think this is an imminent threat,” Pullen said, “but it’s an opportunity for people to learn about nuclear weapons, particularly younger people who didn’t grow up in the Cold War.”

Some Bay Area locals, however, are still worried about the possibility of a strike. In the suburb of Hercules — not exactly at the top of Kim Jong Un’s hit list — resident Giorgio Cosentino spoke out at his City Council meeting Tuesday night to ask what type of preparations were being made locally.

“We are seeing action at the highest level of government, so we should also be seeing action at the local level, but we are not,” Cosentino said in an email. “There is a disconnect. No one is talking to the citizens about what to do if this goes down tomorrow.”

Contra Costa County Supervisor John Gioia said he thought state and local officials needed to do more to prepare for the North Korean threat. “Having grown up in a generation not faced with the prospect of these types of threats, it’s new territory for us,” Gioia said.
 

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http://nationalinterest.org/blog/th...a-could-nuke-america-right-now-everyone-20437



THE BUZZ
The One Way North Korea Could Nuke America (Right Now) Everyone Is Missing
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Chris Douglas

May 2, 2017

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The United States has announced that it’s reserving the option of military force to prevent North Korea acquiring the means to deliver a nuclear warhead using a long range ballistic missile. It’s time to check our thinking about what North Korea’s counterattack response might be. Not all of the DPRK’s potential responses, nor their potential impacts, are being discussed.

Current assessments of North Korea’s ability to attack the US are based on the assumption that delivery of a nuclear weapon is dependent on missile technology. But North Korea already has a system capable of delivering nuclear weapons anywhere—it’s just not rocket powered.

Globalisation’s been driven in part by the development of technology. One of the most significant developments was the invention of shipping containers. Designed for peaceful and lawful purposes, they’ve been used—and continue to be used—as instruments of crime, to move narcotics, weapons, stolen property, and humans around the world. They could also be used to deliver nuclear weapons. They’re the perfect intercontinental mobile ballistic ‘missile’ system. A nuclear weapon placed inside a container could be delivered to any country and to any city, including those far from sea ports, using trains or trucks. And they cannot be destroyed by anti-ballistic missile systems being deployed by the US.


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Many military strategists assume that North Korea’s hidden its nuclear weapons deep underground to protect them from an attack by the US. Hiding the weapons deep underground would make sense if the North Korean strategy were to protect them from destruction, and if the American objective was merely to destroy them and North Korea’s capacity to produce more. But if the US intended to remove the regime, then hiding nuclear weapons would make no sense from the perspective of the North Korean leadership. Its senior leaders, especially the paranoid President, will assume that any attack by the US will have removal of the government as one of its objectives. Even if regime change wasn’t the US objective, the leadership would still feel threatened. With nothing to lose, it makes sound strategic sense for the North Koreans to respond to any attack in a way that not only cripples the US but the world economy as well.

Nuclear weapons could be smuggled out of North Korea via China, or by fishing vessel or diesel electric submarine, and then be placed into containers on a cargo ship for transport to a port anywhere in the world. Concealing the weapons would be easy with 3,000 free trade zones around the world, many in countries with high levels of corruption, where goods can be rebadged and re-invoiced, with little or no scrutiny from a competent authority. North Korea’s knowledge of world trade systems, with help from countries friendly to it, has enabled it to evade the full impact of sanctions for years, allowing it to develop missile systems and for the regime to remain in power.

If the Pong Su, a North Korean freighter could drop a large quantity of narcotics off the Australian coast near a major city, a fanatical regime facing extinction at the hands of a deeply hated enemy wouldn’t think twice about sending a container bearing a nuclear device into the US or an allied country and detonating it. Alternatively, similar to the use of Japanese midget submarines to attack Sydney harbor during World War 2, North Korea could sail a nuclear bomb laden diesel electric submarine into an American or Australian port and explode the weapon.

North Korea understands that the US and the world economy would be crippled by a nuclear counterattack. And it further appreciates that just the threat of shipping containers bearing nuclear weapons sitting in locations around the world awaiting detonation by its agents would cause the US to think twice about attacking it. Such an action would result in the US and its allies diverting resources to search for and find the weapons, or taking pains to confirm their non-existence.

With over 17 million shipping containers in circulation, weaponised containers would be hard to detect. The large number means that thousands could be deployed as decoys, increasing the chances that the few carrying nuclear weapons are successfully delivered and exploded.

It’s imperative that the US treads carefully and does not plan any attack on North Korea on the assumption that it’s going to respond like a text book enemy. The North Korean leadership has shown that, while it appears irrational, it’s smart and ruthless. And it’ll respond accordingly when attacked. A failure in imagination in any assessment of North Korea’s options to respond to a US attack could have a devastating impact not only on the United States of America but the entire world, involving a significant loss of life and global economic ruin.

This first appeared in East Asia Forum here.
 

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https://thebulletin.org/what-would-...warhead-detonated-above-midtown-manhattan8023



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ANALYSIS
25 FEBRUARY 2015
What would happen if an 800-kiloton nuclear warhead detonated above midtown Manhattan?
Steven StarrLynn EdenTheodore A. Postol
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LYNN EDEN
Eden is a member of the Bulletin's Science and Security Board and a senior research scholar and associate...

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THEODORE A. POSTOL
A physicist, Theodore A. Postol is professor of science, technology, and national security policy at MIT. His expertise is in...

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STEVEN STARR
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Russian intercontinental ballistic missiles are believed to carry a total of approximately 1,000 strategic nuclear warheads that can hit the US less than 30 minutes after being launched. Of this total, about 700 warheads are rated at 800 kilotons; that is, each has the explosive power of 800,000 tons of TNT. What follows is a description of the consequences of the detonation of a single such warhead over midtown Manhattan, in the heart of New York City.

The initial fireball. The warhead would probably be detonated slightly more than a mile above the city, to maximize the damage created by its blast wave. Within a few tenths of millionths of a second after detonation, the center of the warhead would reach a temperature of roughly 200 million degrees Fahrenheit (about 100 million degrees Celsius), or about four to five times the temperature at the center of the sun.

A ball of superheated air would form, initiallly expanding outward at millions of miles per hour. It would act like a fast-moving piston on the surrounding air, compressing it at the edge of the fireball and creating a shockwave of vast size and power.

After one second, the fireball would be roughly a mile in diameter. It would have cooled from its initial temperature of many millions of degrees to about 16,000 degrees Fahrenheit, roughly 4,000 degrees hotter than the surface of the sun.

On a clear day with average weather conditions, the enormous heat and light from the fireball would almost instantly ignite fires over a total area of about 100 square miles.

Hurricane of fire. Within seconds after the detonation, fires set within a few miles of the fireball would burn violently. These fires would force gigantic masses of heated air to rise, drawing cooler air from surrounding areas toward the center of the fire zone from all directions.

As the massive winds drove flames into areas where fires had not yet fully developed,the fires set by the detonation would begin to merge. Within tens of minutes of the detonation, fires from near and far would join to form a single, gigantic fire. The energy released by this mass fire would be 15 to 50 times greater than the energy produced by the nuclear detonation.

The mass fire, or firestorm, would quickly increase in intensity, heating enormous volumes of air that would rise at speeds approaching 300 miles per hour. This chimney effect would pull cool air from outside the fire zone towards the center of the fire at speeds of hundreds of miles per hour. These superheated ground winds of more than hurricane force would further intensify the fire. At the edge of the fire zone, the winds would be powerful enough to uproot trees three feet in diameter and suck people from outside the fire into it.

The inrushing winds would drive the flames from burning buildings horizontally along the ground, filling city streets with flames and firebrands, breaking in doors and windows, and causing the fire to jump, sometimes hundreds of feet, swallowing anything not already violently combusting.

These above-hurricane-force ground winds would have average air temperatures well above the boiling point of water. The targeted area would be transformed into a huge hurricane of fire, producing a lethal environment throughout the entire fire zone.

Ground zero: Midtown Manhattan. The fireball would vaporize the structures directly below it and produce an immense blast wave and high-speed winds, crushing even heavily built concrete structures within a couple miles of ground zero. The blast would tear apart high-rise buildings and expose their contents to the solar temperatures; it would spread fires by exposing ignitable surfaces, releasing flammable materials, and dispersing burning materials.

At the Empire State Building, Grand Central Station, the Chrysler Building, and St. Patrick's Cathedral, about one half to three quarters of a mile from ground zero, light from the fireball would melt asphalt in the streets, burn paint off walls, and melt metal surfaces within a half second of the detonation. Roughly one second later, the blast wave and 750-mile-per-hour winds would arrive, flattening buildings and tossing burning cars into the air like leaves in a windstorm. Throughout Midtown, the interiors of vehicles and buildings in line of sight of the fireball would explode into flames.

Slightly more than a mile from ground zero are the neighborhoods of Chelsea, Midtown East, and Lenox Hill, as well as the United Nations; at this distance, for a split second the fireball would shine 10,000 times brighter than a desert sun at noon. All combustible materials illuminated by the fireball would spew fire and black smoke.

Grass, vegetation, and leaves on trees would explode into flames; the surface of the ground would explode into superheated dust. Any flammable material inside buildings (paper, curtains, upholstery) that was directly exposed to the fireball would burst into flame. The surfaces of the bronze statues in front of the UN would melt; marble surfaces exposed to the fireball would crack, pop, and possibly evaporate.

At this distance from the fireball, it would take about four seconds for the blast wave to arrive. As it passed over, the blast wave would engulf all structures and crush them; it would generate ferocious winds of 400 to 500 miles per hour that would persist for a few seconds

The high winds would tear structural elements from buildings and cause them to disintegrate explosively into smaller pieces. Some of these pieces would become destructive projectiles, causing further damage. The superheated, dust-laden winds would be strong enough to overturn trucks and buses.

Two miles from ground zero, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, with all its magnificent historical treasures, would be obliterated. Two and half miles from ground zero, in Lower Manhattan, the East Village, and Stuyvesant Town, the fireball would appear 2,700 times brighter than a desert sun at noon. There, thermal radiation would melt and warp aluminum surfaces, ignite the tires of autos, and turn exposed skin to charcoal, before the blast wave arrived and ripped apart the buildings.

Three to nine miles from ground zero. Midtown is bordered by the relatively wide Hudson and East rivers, and fires would start simultaneously in large areas on both sides of these waterways (that is, in Queens and Brooklyn as well as Jersey City and West New York). Although the direction of the fiery winds in regions near the river would be modified by the water, the overall wind pattern from these huge neighboring fire zones would be similar to that of a single mass fire, with its center at Midtown, Manhattan.

Three miles from ground zero, in Union City, New Jersey, and Astoria, Queens, the fireball would be as bright as 1,900 suns and deliver more than five times the thermal energy deposited at the perimeter of the mass fire at Hiroshima. In Greenpoint, Brooklyn, and in the Civic Center of Lower Manhattan, clothes worn by people in the direct line of sight of the fireball would burst into flames or melt, and uncovered skin would be charred, causing third-degree and fourth-degree burns.

It would take 12 to 14 seconds for the blast wave to travel three miles after the fireball's initial flash of light. At this distance, the blast wave would last for about three seconds and be accompanied by winds of 200 to 300 miles per hour. Residential structures would be destroyed; high-rises would be at least heavily damaged.

Fires would rage everywhere within five miles of ground zero. At a distance of 5.35 miles from the detonation, the light flash from the fireball would deliver twice the thermal energy experienced at the edge of the mass fire at Hiroshima. In Jersey City and Cliffside Park, and in Woodside in Queens, on Governors Island and in Harlem, the light and heat to surfaces would approximate that created by 600 desert suns at noon.

Wind speed at this distance would be 70 to 100 miles per hour. Buildings of heavy construction would suffer little structural damage, but all exterior windows would be shattered, and non-supporting interior walls and doors would be severely damaged or blown down. Black smoke would effuse from wood houses as paint burned off surfaces and furnishings ignited.

Six to seven miles from ground zero, from Moonachie, New Jersey, to Crown Heights, Brooklyn, from Yankee Stadium to Corona, Queens and Crown Heights, Brooklyn, the fireball would appear 300 times brighter than the desert sun at noon. Anyone in the direct light of the fireball would suffer third degree burns to their exposed skin. The firestorm could engulf neighborhoods as far as seven miles away from ground zero, since these outlying areas would receive the same amount of heat as did the areas at the edge of the mass fire at Hiroshima.

Nine miles from ground zero, in Hackensack, Bayonne, and Englewood, New Jersey, as well as in Richmond Hill, Queens, and Flatlands, Brooklyn, the fireball would be about 100 times brighter than the sun, bright enough to cause first- and second-degree burns to those in line of sight. About 36 seconds after the fireball, the shockwave would arrive and knock out all the windows, along with many interior building walls and some doors.

No survivors. Within tens of minutes, everything within approximately five to seven miles of Midtown Manhattan would be engulfed by a gigantic firestorm. The fire zone would cover a total area of 90 to 152 square miles (230 to 389 square kilometers). The firestorm would rage for three to six hours. Air temperatures in the fire zone would likely average 400 to 500 degrees Fahrenheit (200 to 260 Celsius).

After the fire burned out, the street pavement would be so hot that even tracked vehicles could not pass over it for days. Buried, unburned material from collapsed buildings throughout the fire zone could burst into flames when exposed to air—months after the firestorm had ended.

Those who tried to escape through the streets would have been incinerated by the hurricane-force winds filled with firebrands and flames. Even those able to find shelter in the lower-level sub-basements of massive buildings would likely suffocate from fire-generated gases or be cooked alive as their shelters heated to oven-like conditions.

The fire would extinguish all life and destroy almost everything else. Tens of miles downwind of the area of immediate destruction, radioactive fallout would begin to arrive within a few hours of the detonation.

But that is another story.

Editor's note: This article is adapted from “City on Fire” by Lynn Eden, originally published in the January 2004 issue of the Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists.
 
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Ang4MohTrump

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Eden wrote nothing about the water inside Hudson River. I believe there will be suddenly no water inside as they got blasted into steam. And when water from upstream arrived they will instantly boil into steam and remained this way for many days.
 

tanwahtiu

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Fucking coward angmoh nuked Japan after losing battle in Okinawa can' win the mighty Jap arms and military.

Now afriad of NK nuke? Go bow and kautau to Kim and call him Lord.
 

Ang4MohTrump

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After getting nuked multiple cities, Americans will remain confused for days even weeks about which and how many cities actually got nuked. News and Internet will not work, rumors and false news will be flying. Power grids and Phones will be fucked for months or forever. There will be no ATM no banks. Looting and Violence will be tremendous.

Facilities that restored after initial damages could be Ruined again by looting and fighting and sabotage.

American refugees thousands times more than Rohingyas will drown Canada Mexico and everywhere.
 

taksinloong

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trump and kim wont bother about all these(plp survivor) both are more interested in who will win



For Kim to win he need to do the nuke 1st strike, before Dotard nuke him. Once Dotard nuke him Kim is GAMEOVER.

Kim enjoy a strategic advantage, because NK is way smaller and lower population than USA. NK is 25 million population level USA is 325 million. NK only 50 km around Pyongyang coastal area has high urban area. USA got more than 100 highly populated cities. So for every warhead Kim has (he claimed to have 60) he can freely pick from over hundred targets, USA has thousand+ of warhead but can not find much valuable targets in NK!

USA has a superpower title to carry as a burden, NK is only not bigger than Thailand in this world (1/3 of Thai population 1/3 of Thai land area) For superpower of USA, even Soviet dare not nuke them, if NK did than they have re-written world history. For USA to nuke NK is no achievement, and failing to carry out is a great insult.

To win, Kim must deliver 1st strike and strike big, not a single shot, and politically if he made it seemed like Dotard forced himself to be get nuked, most of world's people can understand that Kim had no choice, seeing what happened to Saddam & Gaddafi etc.

When Kim nuke USA multiple ICBM, he win because he killed MUCH MORE THAN HIS OWN POPULATION, so even Dotard could nuke NK 100%, the losses and death toll and strategic balance offset is way way unequal. USA dying 20% of population is 3X of total NK population, financial losses in USA should be over 50 Trillions, worth 100X more than total lost of NK. Strategic Balance wise, wiped out NK does not change the world nor even Asian strategic balance any much, nuking USA, will surely definitely change whole world into a entirely different era permanently.

So Kim will surely lose if he negotiated any peace deal and not nuke USA. This is proven by Saddam & Gaddafi, and many other examples. He lost completely if Dotard nuke him 1st. To win big, he MUST NUKE USA 1st.
 
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kkbutterfly

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For Kim to win he need to do the nuke 1st strike, before Dotard nuke him. Once Dotard nuke him Kim is GAMEOVER.

Kim enjoy a strategic advantage, because NK is way smaller and lower population than USA. NK is 25 million population level USA is 325 million. NK only 50 km around Pyongyang coastal area has high urban area. USA got more than 100 highly populated cities. So for every warhead Kim has (he claimed to have 60) he can freely pick from over hundred targets, USA has thousand+ of warhead but can not find much valuable targets in NK!

USA has a superpower title to carry as a burden, NK is only not bigger than Thailand in this world (1/3 of Thai population 1/3 of Thai land area) For superpower of USA, even Soviet dare not nuke them, if NK did than they have re-written world history. For USA to nuke NK is no achievement, and failing to carry out is a great insult.

To win, Kim must deliver 1st strike and strike big, not a single shot, and politically if he made it seemed like Dotard forced himself to be get nuked, most of world's people can understand that Kim had no choice, seeing what happened to Saddam & Gaddafi etc.

When Kim nuke USA multiple ICBM, he win because he killed MUCH MORE THAN HIS OWN POPULATION, so even Dotard could nuke NK 100%, the losses and death toll and strategic balance offset is way way unequal. USA dying 20% of population is 3X of total NK population, financial losses in USA should be over 50 Trillions, worth 100X more than total lost of NK. Strategic Balance wise, wiped out NK does not change the world nor even Asian strategic balance any much, nuking USA, will surely definitely change whole world into a entirely different era permanently.

So Kim will surely lose if he negotiated any peace deal and not nuke USA. This is proven by Saddam & Gaddafi, and many other examples. He lost completely if Dotard nuke him 1st. To win big, he MUST NUKE USA 1st.

kim is stalling for time to perfect his nuclear warhead.
He also has to worry even if he can mount nuclear warhead on his hwasong icbm, usa might have the capabilities to intercept the missile.
 

Shut Up you are Not MM

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kim is stalling for time to perfect his nuclear warhead.
He also has to worry even if he can mount nuclear warhead on his hwasong icbm, usa might have the capabilities to intercept the missile.


The Western idiot media sell the worry of ignorant. Hwasong-15 is TAILORED for their H-BOMB by design there is no such worry about Fitting or Matching. All are Made to Measure.
 

obama.bin.laden

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The only way to defuse this - offer mrs trump to fatty kim. One night for one missle disarmament.


Kimmy should wedge between American anti-Trump & the Dotard himself, to get NK a best political position.

He can proclaim and NK people love peace and have same rights like PRC Russia USA Ah Neh etc to develop own national defense, and Dotard even from before presidential election already made propaganda to destroy NK completely, so as the leader of NK people he had no choice but to complete effective nuke protection ASAP. Urge Americans to Impeach Dotard, and say that NK will be patience with American impeachment process for 6 more months.

This way USA Huat Already.
 

kkbutterfly

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kim is more difficult to deal than saddam H.
if NK got attack, China will definitely do something. The last thing China wants is US become their neighbor.
 

obama.bin.laden

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kim is more difficult to deal than saddam H.
if NK got attack, China will definitely do something. The last thing China wants is US become their neighbor.


Sino-Russian alliance want USA completely off the west pacific including SG53, Japan & Korean Peninsular.

Pentagon reported to Congress recently that Xijinping got a new military unit that are responsible to jam and fuckup and destroy US satellites including use of lasers & microwave besides missiles.

https://www.globalsecurity.org/space/world/china/asat.htm


Chinese Anti-Satellite [ASAT] Capabilities
China has tested two direct-ascent antisatellite missiles: the SC–19 and the larger DN–2. Direct-ascent antisatellite missiles are designed to disable or destroy a satellite or spacecraft using one of several possible kill mechanisms, such as a kinetic kill vehicle. The missiles typically are launched against pre-selected targets, as they must either wait for the target satellite to pass overhead within a certain distance from the launch site, or target a stationary satellite within range of the launch site. Unlike co-orbital antisatellite systems, direct-ascent antisatellite missiles do not establish a persistent presence in space, enter into long-term orbits, or loiter to await commands to engage a target.

China continues to develop and refine its ASAT capabilities as one component of a multi-dimensional program to limit or prevent the use of space-based assets by potential adversaries during times of conflict. In addition to the direct-ascent ASAT program, China is developing other technologies and concepts for kinetic and directed energy for ASAT missions. Foreign and indigenous systems give China the capability to jam common satellite communications bands and Global Positioning satellites (GPS) receivers. China's ASAT programs have significant implications for anti-access/area-denial efforts against the United States in Taiwan Strait contingencies.

A PLA analysis of U.S. and coalition military operations reinforced the importance of operations in space to enable informationalized warfare. This analysis claimed that "space is the commanding point for the information battlefield. Battlefield monitor and control, information communications, navigation and position guidance all rely on satellites and other sensors." PLA writings emphasize the necessity of "destroying, damaging, and interfering with the enemy's reconnaissance ... and communications satellites," suggesting that such systems, as well as navigation and early warning satellites, could be among initial targets of attack to "blind and deafen the enemy." The same PLA analysis of U.S. and coalition military operations also states that "destroying or capturing satellites and other sensors ... will deprive an opponent of initiative on the battlefield and [make it difficult] for them to bring their precision guided weapons into full play."

R&D on fundamental technologies applicable to an ASAT weapons system has been ongoing in China since the 1960s. Under the 640 Program, the space and missile industry's Second Academy, traditionally responsible for SAM development, set out to field a viable antimissile system, consisting of a kinetic kill vehicle, high powered laser, space early warning, and target discrimination system components. This program was abandoned in 1980.

Preliminary research on ASATs was carried out since the 1980s, at least partly funded under the 863 Program for High Technology Development. PLA-affiliated publications long asserted that while China did not yet possess the capability to destroy satellites with high-powered lasers, they are capable of damaging optical reconnaissance satellites.

The 1998 Report to Congress "Future Military Capabilities and Strategy of the People's Republic of China", states "China already may possess the capability to damage, under specific conditions, optical sensors on satellites that are very vulnerable to damage by lasers. However, given China's current interest in laser technology, it is reasonable to assume that Beijing would develop a weapon that could destroy satellites in the future."

China is said to be acquiring a variety of foreign technologies, which could be used to develop an anti-satellite (ASAT) capability. Beijing already may have acquired technical assistance which could be applied to the development of laser radars used to track and image satellites and may be seeking an advanced radar system with the capability to track satellites in low earth orbit. It also may be developing jammers, which could be used against Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers. In addition, China already may possess the capability to damage, under specific conditions, optical sensors on satellites that are very vulnerable to damage by lasers. Beijing also may have acquired high-energy laser equipment and technical assistance, which probably could be used in the development of ground-based ASAT weapons.

Given China's level of interest in laser technology, Beijing probably could develop a weapon that could destroy satellites in the future. Although specific Chinese programs for laser ASAT have not been identified, press articles indicate an interest in developing this capability and Beijing may be working on appropriate technologies. According to senior consultant, James T. Westwood, of Military Science and Defense Analytics, Unionville, VA, the Chinese ASAT test in January, 2007, was propitious in confirming in the real world, an original operations research and analysis study he did during 1989-1990 while consulting to a consortium of defense contractors paid by the then Strategic Defense Initiative Office (SDIO) in the Pentagon.

In that novel study, Westwood showed that space-based 'Brilliant Pebbles' component of the national missile defense system, sponsored by Dr. Lowell Wood (Edward Teller's protégé), of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, was a fundamentally flawed concept of operations because (1) it required less than one percent of the total constellation contemplated by the LLNL model to perform effectively and (2) because, like as the PRC anti-satellite event over fifteen years later, every successive, successful, kinetic-kill impact would increase the volume of an orbiting debris cloud, itself ever-more ruinous of the jth "pebble's" reliability.

The Clinton Administration cancelled 'Brilliant Pebbles' five years later. During this ground-breaking study, Mr. Westwood collaborated with Dr. Gregory Canavan, a kinematicists’ and, at one time, the youngest lieutenant colonel in the U.S. Air Force on active duty, then at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. (Kinematics is that branch of physics which studies bodies in motion without respect to how they come to be in motion.)

In August 2006 there were reports that China had fired high-power lasers at American intelligence satellites flying over its territory. National Reconnaissance Office Director, Donald M. Kerr, told reporters that a US satellite had recently been "painted," or illuminated, by a ground-based laser in China. Some observers saw this as tests of Chinese capability to blind the spacecraft, while others took it as being tests of a laser radar for guiding a direct ascent kinetic energy ASAT. It was unclear how many times a the ground-based laser was tested against US spacecraft.

According to Westwood, in 1978, while employed as a senior special research analyst for one of the three-letter national intelligence agencies, he discovered and crystallized into application, a novel, original technique for interpreting and predicting all of the military and space programs of the former Soviet Union with consistent accuracy and reliability. There came from this numerous applications and non-surprises, e.g., that the ballistic missile programs, with their space rocket off-shoots (to coin a phrase), were arguably the most reliable and revealing among the thousands of armor, aircraft, ship, artillery, etc. military hardware and operations programs. In a recent interview with this author, Westwood says that to the extent that the military programs of the PRC long may have replicated the former Soviet Union's national planning schema, the same methodology likely can successfully illuminate China's future military and space programs.

The Dalian Universuty of Technology design team was on January 9, 2009 awarded the top PRC Science and Technology Award for the development of the ASAT system. It was headed by Gua Dongming head of the Dalian scientific team that included Jai Zhenyuan, Kang Renke, Wang Yongqing, Sheng Xianjun of Dalian University and Yu Huilong of the 25th institute , 2nd. Academy Astronautics science and industry group.

In an effort to counteract a network of US navigation, intelligence, and communication satellites capable of unmatched precision strikes, China is developing its own arsenal of electromagnetic railguns, powerful microwave weapons, and high-powered lasers.

Researchers, Zeng Yu-quang, Wang Zhi-hong, and Gao Ming-hui first wrote about the notion of a space-based laser weapon in 2013 in the Chinese Optics journal. All three scientists work for leading laser-weapons technology organization the Institute for Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics. The article revealed that, "In 2005, we have successfully conducted a satellite-blinding experiment using a 50-100 kilowatt capacity mounted laser gun in Xinjiang province…The target was a low orbit satellite with a tilt distance of 600 kilometers. The diameter of the telescope firing the laser beam is 0.6 meters wide. The accuracy of [acquisition, tracking and pointing is less than 5 [microradians]."



References

Chinese ASAT and rates of change [email protected] (Allen Thomson) 1995/12/31




http://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2017-12-13/doc-ifyppemf6557281.shtml

美报告披露中国这支神秘部队:将有太空武器能打卫星
2017年12月13日 11:16 新浪军事

0
  2015年12月,中国人民解放军战略支援部队战略支援部队正式成立。这支部队极具神秘感,官方很少透露这支神秘到底是做什么的。外界甚至只能从它的臂章来猜测这支部队的任务职能。

  可以说,目前关于这支部队的绝大多数信息都只是外界猜想。最近,美国国会下属美中经济与安全审查委员会加入了这支猜想大军,其向美国国会提交的所谓《年度报告》中用不少篇幅介绍了这支部队。今天,北国防务编译其中部分内容,让大家感受一下他们的猜猜猜成果。

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  报告封面

  作为军事改革和重组的一部分,解放军于2015年12月组建了负责网络、电子、信息和太空作战的战略支援部队。吸纳了原总参的信息侦搜能力、电子搜集能力以及人力情报侦搜等能力。此外,这支新部队还具有部署和发展定向能武器等尖端武器能力。

  从中国媒体报道可获知,战略支援部队还将向其他解放军部队提供情报和侦察力量支撑、以实现一体化联合作战。疑似具备无线电情报侦搜、电子战、电子对抗和太空侦察能力。

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  战略支援部队的臂章和胸章,上面的太空元素成为外界关注焦点

  网络战方面,中国军事著作通常将网络作战称之为“网络战”,主要包括网络信息领域攻、防和侦察活动。中国政府2017年2月发布的《网络空间国际合作战略》指出,中国将“加快网络空间力量建设,提高网络空间态势感知、网络防御能力”(注:原文为“中国将发挥军队在维护国家网络空间主权、安全和发展利益中的重要作用,加快网络空间力量建设,提高网络空间态势感知、网络防御、支援国家网络空间行动和参与国际合作的能力”)。

  电子战方面:美国军方认为,解放军的电子战理论“强调使用电磁频谱武器压制或欺骗敌方电子设备”,主要以无线电、雷达、光学、红外、微波,以及侵入敌方计算机和信息系统为重点战略方向。

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  △建军90周年沙场阅兵上的电子侦察方队

  太空战方面:2位五角大楼分析人员曾起草报告指出,解放军战略支援部队的太空战任务可能分为太空支援、太空进攻任务。未来,解放军将不断发展太空支援能力,例如,天基通信、天基定位、导航和定时服务,天基情报侦察,天基导弹预警、发射探测和定性,以及环境监测能力。同时,解放军将拥有或正在发展天基进攻性武器系统,如动能反卫星导弹、天基共轨武器系统和地面定向能武器。

  ①在太空支援能力方面,2015年、2016年间,中国先后发射了本国第一颗地球同步轨道遥感卫星——“高分4号”以及其他遥感和“实践”卫星。2017年1月,中国政府宣布,中国第一颗高分辨率合成孔径雷达卫星“高分3号”卫星已投入使用。2017年6月,北京又发射了2颗遥感卫星,这是中国正在建造的卫星群的第一批。所有上述卫星都可用于提高解放军的天基情报侦察监视能力。2016年,中国还发射了第23颗北斗导航卫星,并于2016年至2020年间共发射30颗北斗卫星,到2020年建成覆盖全球的北斗卫星导航定位系统。此外,据中国国家媒体报道,2016年中国发射了世界上第一颗实验性量子通信卫星,其所试验的量子通信技术,最终将用于发展极难破解的加密密钥技术,以实现高度安全的数字通信。

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  我国以北斗三号为基础的新一代全球导航系统已经开始构建

  ②在太空进攻能力方面,中国已经试射了2类动能反卫星导弹,包括SC-19火箭和导弹试验,其中一枚导弹成功地摧毁了低地轨道卫星,以及更大的DN-2导弹试验。这些反卫星武器试验已经能够打到美国GPS全球定位系统和大多数侦察卫星所在的高轨道。在共轨太空武器系统方面,五角大楼中国太空计划专家陈大卫向国会外交委员会证实,过去10年间,中国已经进行了6次涉及“太空交会对接”的空间飞行任务,这种技术也可以用于反卫星作战任务。

  在定向能武器领域,美国五角大楼2006年报告中指出,中国至少正在发展一种地面强激光武器,用于击毁或致盲敌方太空成像卫星。2006年,中国还对一颗美国卫星进行了强激光试验性打击,导致美方卫星阶段性“失能”。此举到底是为了确定美国卫星位置,还是为了试验中国激光武器对卫星的致盲能力,目前还不能确定。同时,2005年以来,中国已经采购了一些进口和国产的地面卫星干扰器,旨在通过压制或发射干扰信号、削弱敌方天地通信能力。

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  中国第一颗高分辨率合成孔径雷达卫星“高分3号”卫星

  综上所述,战略支援部队可通过天基情报侦察监视和网络空间作战,为其他部队提供重要作战支援,进而而提升中国人民解放军的一体化联合作战能力。

  可以认为,中国人民解放军组建集网络、电子、信息和太空作战于一体的战略支援部队,将重点部署和发展尖端武器技术能力,并通过整合无线电侦搜、电子战、电子对抗和航天侦察能力,为整个解放军部队提供情报和侦察支撑。此外,如果解放军具备人力情报搜集能力,将直接向中共中央军委提供全方位情报支持。正如美国传统基金会高级研究员郑迪安向众议院外交委员会所证实的那样,组建战略支援部队“反映出中国正在努力构建信息优势,这对打赢未来战争至关重要。”

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  国外臆测我国反卫星试验

  前美军太平洋舰队情报总监、日内瓦安全政策中心詹姆斯·E·法内尔对外交委员会证实,战略支援部队“将为中国人民解放军提供精确态势感知、目标识别、网络防御和实时指挥控制支撑”。

  报告认为,美国必须认识到,战略支援部队将对美军前沿部署作战部队发起网络攻击,对美军后勤支援节点发起攻击,为反介入/区域拒止作战贡献力量。此外,战略支援部队精准的作战服务支撑,可能有助于解放军空军和火箭军部队对美军驻印度-太平洋地区部队实施联合火力打击。(作者署名:北国防务)
 

kkbutterfly

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Loyal
best technology is not to intercept missles.is can hijack its operating frequency and change its signal and redirect the missle back to he source who launch it
 
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