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狮航黑匣子录音曝光：坠机前绝望翻操作手册
2019-03-20 22:39
【文/观察者网 徐乾昂】
埃航波音737 MAX事故发生后，全世界目光再次集中到5个月前的狮航事故中：如果两起空难有相似之处，将进一步证明波音该机型存在致命漏洞。
今天，路透社方面获悉，去年10月29日坠海的印度尼西亚狮航JT610航班黑匣子录音内容首次公开：在飞机坠毁前，机组人员还在翻操作手册，但最终没有找到解决方案。
而观察者网注意到，这起事故的调查小组在去年11月12日透露，这架航班上波音提供的手册，根本没有提到如何应对这样的情况。
这样一来，狮航机上全员生命的最后13分钟，似乎是寄托在了0%的可能性上。
狮航事故飞机黑匣子 图自CNBC
“时间到了，题没答完”
本次路透社并没有拿到录音音频，也没有录音本文，而是通过3位匿名调查人士透露的消息还原了现场。狮航空难前驾驶舱内的13分钟到底发生了什么，这也是第一次公开。
据观察者网整理，结合去年11月印尼当局公布的黑匣子初步报告，事件还原如下：
2018年10月29日，当地时间早上6点20分，狮航飞机在印度裔机长的驾驶下从雅加达起飞，印尼裔副机长当时负责无线通讯联络。
2分钟后，副机长向空管部门汇报飞机出现“操作问题”。路透社援引的一位消息人士称，当时副机长发现空速表出现异常。另一位消息人士称，异常提示仅在副机长仪表盘上出现，机上位置没有提示。机长随即要求副机长检查操作手册，内有对飞机航行过程中出现异常情况的处理说明。
随后9分钟内，狮航JT610航班驾驶舱内出现“人机大战”。机上电子系统警告驾驶员“飞机失速”，机头开始下坠。机长试图让飞机爬升，但电子系统仍显示“失速”，机头继续下坠。
过程中，驾驶舱内几乎无人说话。最终，机长让副机长驾驶飞机，开始亲自翻阅操作手册。
坠机前1分钟，机长要求空管部门疏通3000英尺以下航线，请求飞机5000英尺的飞行高度，获批。这也是机长最后一句话，副机长则祈祷“真主至上”。
随后飞机坠海失联，机上189人全部遇难。
本次黑匣子录音还原的现场，和去年11月底的初步调查报告中的细节基本吻合。就飞行高度记录显示，狮航事故飞机在起飞2小时后迅速下坠，随后拉升至3000英尺以上，航行高度起起伏伏，最后急速下坠。
狮航失事飞机起飞后的高度示意图 图自纽约时报
路透社认为，机上机组人员最后几分钟是“绝望的”。其中一位消息人士评论道，“这就像是考试，100道题，时间到了，你只答了75道。所以（他们）会恐慌，那是一个限时的情况。”
0%的可能性
有关“着急翻阅操作手册”的描述，也和早前调查报告内容一致。
本次事故的调查小组曾于11月12日向路透社透露，结合黑匣子的记录，调查组认为坠机原因之一是机上“迎角传感器”出现数据异常。而机上新安装的一款“防失速”系统具有自动降低机头（automated nose-down system）的功能。根据波音公司事后发布的信息，737 MAX机型上的该系统具有绕开驾驶员控制的能力，就算手动拉起机头，五秒钟之后又会自动重复下降过程。
而调查组指出，波音公司提供的操作手册与培训项目都未有提及这个新安装的系统。
根据美国西南航空（Southwest Airlines）去年11月10日的一份备忘录，该系统“设计之初仅考虑到机组手动驾驶的罕见情况”，故飞行员“不应该在实际飞行中看到这个系统”。结果，波音选择不在MAX机型的操作手册中加入相关介绍。
而在狮航空难发生后，两家美国飞行员工会都表示，波音737 MAX机型的“机动特性增强系统（MCAS）”存在潜在风险，但在飞行员的操作手册或培训中都没有得到充分说明。工会领导人说，MAX系列机型的任何文件中都没有阐述这一风险和应对措施。
如果上述信息属实，狮航事故航班机组人员是无法在操作手册上找到解决方法的。
两起空难有“明显相似之处”
结合本次埃航事故，埃塞俄比亚当局已于17日表示，经过对黑匣子的初步分析认为，这次空难和狮航事故有着“明显相似之处”。
“数据已经恢复成功，美国团队和我们（埃塞俄比亚）的团队都验证了数据。我们感谢法国政府（黑匣子检测地），三四天后我们会公布更多消息。”埃塞俄比亚交通部一位发言人表示。
但在华盛顿，美国官员向路透社称，该国政府部门尚未验证数据。
当天，位于波音工厂所在地当地媒体、《西雅图时报》还扔出重磅曝料：波音737 MAX飞行操作系统的安全认证，是自己完成的。此外，为了吸引更多航空公司买家，波音甚至隐瞒了安装新型飞行系统一事，减少飞行员培训，以节省巨大成本作为卖点。
MCAS系统
文章指出该机型电子系统的一个这几漏洞：为防止飞机空中失速，飞行控制系统可以转动飞机的平尾，让机头朝下。但客机服役后，该机型新功能MCAS转动速度要比初始安全评估标出的速度高出四倍多。
这就造成飞机在触发MCAS系统后，机头下坠幅度将出乎驾驶员意料，这一切似乎在狮航事故中得以体现。
波音和美国联邦航空管理局至今未对《西雅图时报》这篇文章作出回应。19日，波音CEO在坠机事故发生8日打破沉默，对空难罹难者家属表示慰问，并重申波音公司对安全的承诺。
今日美股开盘，波音小幅高开，截至发稿涨0.38%，报374.86美元/股。
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原创 波音致命问题浮出水面，数万名空姐拒绝登机，总裁首次出面表态
2019-03-20 22:53 美国 /俄罗斯 /法国
自埃航客机坠毁导致157人死亡后，波音公司和美国联邦航空局(FAA)在众多737Max8存在安全漏洞的“巧合”下，依然坚称，737Max8没有安全系统问题。
事件发生的第二天，737Max的购买国家相继宣布停飞并中止和波音公司的后续订单，美国在各方的口诛笔伐尤其是本国网友的声讨和数万名空姐拒绝登机的情况下，不得不宣布停飞。
然而，事件还在持续发酵，FAA认证波音737Max8安全性能的过程正在被美国运输部调查，有证据显示，FAA批准波音737Max8飞机运行的时间比正常情况短。
且法国媒体报道，FAA在测试737Max8时出现了飞机容易抬头的问题随之要求配备一个安全系统让机头下降。
这个系统就是机动特性增强系统（MCAS），它会自动降低因为改装后起飞时，容易抬起的机头。
在飞行员不知情的状况下，出现“人机互搏”，飞机自动向下俯冲的致命问题。所以这个系统被认为是致使埃航、狮航共346人遇难的罪魁祸首。
波音作为全球最大的航空公司，与美国在航空航天、军事装备等多方面都有合作，美国军方在波音出事后，不顾其存在的危险，继续使用737Max运载乘客，力挺波音。
据悉，波音737Max每年可以为波音带来300亿美元的利润。不过，波音的“春天”要过去了，迎接FAA和波音的将会是凛冽的“寒冬”。
声誉大损后，波音的股价创史上新低，我国、俄罗斯相继推广自己的民用机，全球第二大的航空公司——空客，旗下的A320neo借此也成为了各国航空“宠儿”。
据悉，坠毁客机的黑匣子中的数据和狮航黑匣子里的数据极为相似，两架坠毁的737Max客机在种种相似下，都指向了MCAS系统。
装备了MCAS安全系统的737Max是如何通过安全评价呢？FAA与波音公司为了加大竞争优势，赶在对手空客A320neo前运营737Max。FAA在没有完全测定MCSA系统的各项数据下，就给波音737Max颁布了安全证书。
此外还有一个致命问题，美国航空工会曾多次要求波音公司提供737Max的飞行模拟器，以便飞行员更好的掌控飞机，但FAA和波音公司认为飞行员在iPad软件上学习驾驶就可以了，没必要额外浪费钱。而波音总裁丹尼斯·米伦伯格的首次公开表态，也只是不痛不痒的来了一句：正在采取行动，确保波音737MAX系列飞机的安全性。
FAA和波音公司沆瀣一气，为了利益不顾乘客的安全，以致接连发生两起空难。在各界人士的揭露下，他们已经成为了“过街老鼠，人人喊打”。
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Lion Air Black Box Recording Exposure: Desperate Flip Operation Manual
2019-03-20 22:39
[Text / Observer Network Xu Wei An]
After the Ethiopian Boeing 737 MAX accident, the world's eyes once again concentrated on the Lion Air accident five months ago: If the two air crashes have similarities, it will further prove that the Boeing model has a fatal flaw.
Today, Reuters learned that the recording of the black box of the Indonesian Lion Air JT610 flight that crashed on October 29 last year was first publicized: before the plane crashed, the crew was still turning the operation manual, but eventually no solution was found.
Observer Network noted that the investigation team of the accident revealed on November 12 last year that the manual provided by Boeing on this flight did not mention how to deal with such a situation.
In this way, the last 13 minutes of the life of the entire crew on the Lions plane seems to be pinned on the possibility of 0%.
Lion Air Accident Aircraft Black Box Picture from CNBC
"Time is up, the question is not finished"
This time, Reuters did not get the recording audio, nor did it record the paper, but the news was confirmed by three anonymous investigators. It was the first time that the lion’s cockpit had 13 minutes in the cockpit.
According to the Observer Network, combined with the preliminary report of the black box released by the Indonesian authorities last November, the incident was restored as follows:
On October 29, 2018, at 6:20 am local time, the Lion Air plane took off from Jakarta under the command of the Indian captain. The Indonesian deputy captain was responsible for wireless communication.
Two minutes later, the deputy captain reported to the air traffic control department that the aircraft had an "operational problem." A source quoted by Reuters said that the deputy captain found an abnormality in the airspeed indicator. Another source said that the abnormal prompt appeared only on the vice captain's dashboard, and there was no prompt on the position. The captain immediately requested the deputy captain to check the operation manual, which contained instructions for handling abnormal conditions during the flight of the aircraft.
In the next 9 minutes, there was a “human-machine war” in the cockpit of the Lion Air JT610 flight. The onboard electronic system warned the driver that the aircraft was stalling and the nose began to fall. The captain tried to get the plane to climb, but the electronic system still showed "stall" and the nose continued to fall.
During the process, almost no one spoke in the cockpit. In the end, the captain asked the vice captain to fly the plane and began to flip through the operating manual.
One minute before the crash, the captain asked the air traffic control department to clear the route below 3,000 feet and requested the flight altitude of 5,000 feet to be approved. This is also the last sentence of the captain, and the vice captain prayed that "Allah is supreme."
After the plane crashed into the sea, all 189 people on board were killed.
The scene of the black box recording restoration is basically consistent with the details in the preliminary investigation report at the end of November last year. As far as the flight altitude record is concerned, the Lion Air accident aircraft quickly fell after 2 hours of take-off, then pulled up to more than 3,000 feet, the sailing altitude fluctuated, and finally fell rapidly.
The height of the lion's wrecked aircraft after taking off from the New York Times
Reuters believes that the last few minutes of the crew on board were "desperate." One of the sources commented, "This is like an exam, 100 questions. The time is up, you only answered 75. So (they) will panic, it is a time-limited situation."
0% probability
The description of the “Emergency Review Operation Manual” is also consistent with the contents of the earlier investigation report.
The investigation team of the accident disclosed to Reuters on November 12 that, in combination with the black box record, the investigation team believed that one of the reasons for the crash was the abnormal data on the "attend angle sensor" on board. A new "anti-stall" system installed on the aircraft has an automatic nose-down system. According to information released by Boeing afterwards, the system on the 737 MAX has the ability to bypass the driver's control. Even if the hand is pulled up manually, the descent will be repeated automatically after five seconds.
The investigation team pointed out that Boeing's operating manuals and training programs did not mention this newly installed system.
According to a memo from Southwest Airlines last November 10th, the system "designed at first only to take into account the rare situation of manual driving of the crew", so the pilot "should not see this system in actual flight." As a result, Boeing chose not to include the introduction in the operating manual of the MAX model.
After the lion aviation disaster, the two American pilot unions said that the Boeing 737 MAX model "Machic Feature Enhancement System (MCAS)" has potential risks, but it has not been fully explained in the pilot's operating manual or training. Union leaders said that the risk and response were not addressed in any of the MAX series models.
If the above information is true, the crew of the Lion Air accident flight cannot find a solution in the operation manual.
There are "significant similarities" between the two air crashes
In conjunction with this E-Air accident, the Ethiopian authorities said on the 17th that after a preliminary analysis of the black box, the air crash and the Lion Air accident had "significant similarities."
“The data has been successfully restored, and the US team and our (Ethiopia) team have verified the data. We are grateful to the French government (black box detection site), we will announce more news in three or four days,” said a spokesman for the Ethiopian Ministry of Transport.
But in Washington, US officials told Reuters that the government department had not verified the data.
On the same day, the local media at the Boeing factory, the Seattle Times also threw out heavy exposure: the safety certification of the Boeing 737 MAX flight operating system was completed by itself. In addition, in order to attract more airline buyers, Boeing even concealed the installation of a new flight system, reducing pilot training, to save huge costs as a selling point.
MCAS system
The article points out a few vulnerabilities in the electronic system of this model: In order to prevent the aircraft from stalling in the air, the flight control system can rotate the flat tail of the aircraft and let the nose face down. However, after the passenger aircraft is in service, the new function MCAS rotation speed of this model is more than four times faster than the initial safety evaluation.
This caused the aircraft to drop the amplitude of the nose after the MCAS system was triggered. This seems to be reflected in the Lion Air accident.
Boeing and the US Federal Aviation Administration have not responded to the Seattle Times article so far. On the 19th, Boeing CEO broke the silence on the 8th of the crash and expressed condolences to the families of the victims. He reiterated Boeing’s commitment to safety.
Today, US stocks opened, Boeing opened slightly higher, as of press release, up 0.38%, to 374.86 US dollars / share.
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The original Boeing fatal problem surfaced, tens of thousands of flight attendants refused to board the plane, the president made his debut
2019-03-20 22:53 United States /Russia /France
Boeing and the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) still insisted that the 737Max8 had no security system problems after the crash of 157 passengers.
On the second day of the incident, the purchasing country of 737Max announced that it had grounded and suspended the follow-up orders with Boeing. In the case of the United States’ criticism, especially the denunciation of domestic netizens and the tens of thousands of flight attendants who refused to board the plane, they had to Announced grounding.
However, the event continues to ferment, and the FAA-certified Boeing 737Max8 safety performance process is being investigated by the US Department of Transportation. There is evidence that the FAA approved the Boeing 737Max8 aircraft to operate for a shorter period of time than normal.
And the French media reported that the FAA had a problem with the aircraft being easy to look up when testing the 737Max8 and then required a safety system to lower the nose.
This system is the Mobility Enhancement System (MCAS), which automatically reduces the nose that is easily lifted when it is taken off after modification.
Under the condition that the pilot is unaware of the situation, there is a fatal problem of "human-machine interaction" and the aircraft automatically swooping down. Therefore, this system is considered to be the chief culprit in the death of 346 people in Egypt Airlines and Lion Air.
As the world's largest airline, Boeing has cooperated with the United States in aerospace, military equipment and other aspects. After the Boeing accident, the US military continued to use the 737Max to carry passengers and support Boeing despite its danger.
It is reported that Boeing 737Max can bring Boeing a profit of 30 billion US dollars every year. However, Boeing’s “spring” is over, and the welcoming of the FAA and Boeing will be awkward “cold winter”.
After the reputation was greatly damaged, Boeing’s share price hit a new low in history. China and Russia successively promoted their own civilian aircraft. The world’s second largest airline, Airbus, and its A320neo have become the “darlings” of aviation in various countries.
It is reported that the data in the black box of the crashed passenger plane is very similar to the data in the black box of the Lion Air. The two crashed 737Max aircraft are all pointing to the MCAS system under various similarities.
How does the 737Max equipped with the MCAS safety system pass the safety evaluation? In order to increase its competitive advantage, FAA and Boeing have been operating 737Max before the rival Airbus A320neo. The FAA issued a safety certificate to Boeing 737Max without fully measuring the data of the MCSA system.
There is also a fatal problem. The American Aviation Union has repeatedly asked Boeing to provide the 737Max flight simulator so that the pilot can better control the aircraft, but the FAA and Boeing believe that the pilot can learn to drive on the iPad software, no need Extra money is wasted. The first public statement of Boeing President Dennis Millenberg was just a painstaking one: taking action to ensure the safety of the Boeing 737MAX series.
The FAA and the Boeing Company were stunned, and in order to disregard the safety of passengers, two air crashes occurred in succession. Under the disclosure of people from all walks of life, they have become "crossing the street mouse, everyone shouting."
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狮航黑匣子录音曝光：坠机前绝望翻操作手册
2019-03-20 22:39
【文/观察者网 徐乾昂】
埃航波音737 MAX事故发生后，全世界目光再次集中到5个月前的狮航事故中：如果两起空难有相似之处，将进一步证明波音该机型存在致命漏洞。
今天，路透社方面获悉，去年10月29日坠海的印度尼西亚狮航JT610航班黑匣子录音内容首次公开：在飞机坠毁前，机组人员还在翻操作手册，但最终没有找到解决方案。
而观察者网注意到，这起事故的调查小组在去年11月12日透露，这架航班上波音提供的手册，根本没有提到如何应对这样的情况。
这样一来，狮航机上全员生命的最后13分钟，似乎是寄托在了0%的可能性上。
狮航事故飞机黑匣子 图自CNBC
“时间到了，题没答完”
本次路透社并没有拿到录音音频，也没有录音本文，而是通过3位匿名调查人士透露的消息还原了现场。狮航空难前驾驶舱内的13分钟到底发生了什么，这也是第一次公开。
据观察者网整理，结合去年11月印尼当局公布的黑匣子初步报告，事件还原如下：
2018年10月29日，当地时间早上6点20分，狮航飞机在印度裔机长的驾驶下从雅加达起飞，印尼裔副机长当时负责无线通讯联络。
2分钟后，副机长向空管部门汇报飞机出现“操作问题”。路透社援引的一位消息人士称，当时副机长发现空速表出现异常。另一位消息人士称，异常提示仅在副机长仪表盘上出现，机上位置没有提示。机长随即要求副机长检查操作手册，内有对飞机航行过程中出现异常情况的处理说明。
随后9分钟内，狮航JT610航班驾驶舱内出现“人机大战”。机上电子系统警告驾驶员“飞机失速”，机头开始下坠。机长试图让飞机爬升，但电子系统仍显示“失速”，机头继续下坠。
过程中，驾驶舱内几乎无人说话。最终，机长让副机长驾驶飞机，开始亲自翻阅操作手册。
坠机前1分钟，机长要求空管部门疏通3000英尺以下航线，请求飞机5000英尺的飞行高度，获批。这也是机长最后一句话，副机长则祈祷“真主至上”。
随后飞机坠海失联，机上189人全部遇难。
本次黑匣子录音还原的现场，和去年11月底的初步调查报告中的细节基本吻合。就飞行高度记录显示，狮航事故飞机在起飞2小时后迅速下坠，随后拉升至3000英尺以上，航行高度起起伏伏，最后急速下坠。
狮航失事飞机起飞后的高度示意图 图自纽约时报
路透社认为，机上机组人员最后几分钟是“绝望的”。其中一位消息人士评论道，“这就像是考试，100道题，时间到了，你只答了75道。所以（他们）会恐慌，那是一个限时的情况。”
0%的可能性
有关“着急翻阅操作手册”的描述，也和早前调查报告内容一致。
本次事故的调查小组曾于11月12日向路透社透露，结合黑匣子的记录，调查组认为坠机原因之一是机上“迎角传感器”出现数据异常。而机上新安装的一款“防失速”系统具有自动降低机头（automated nose-down system）的功能。根据波音公司事后发布的信息，737 MAX机型上的该系统具有绕开驾驶员控制的能力，就算手动拉起机头，五秒钟之后又会自动重复下降过程。
而调查组指出，波音公司提供的操作手册与培训项目都未有提及这个新安装的系统。
根据美国西南航空（Southwest Airlines）去年11月10日的一份备忘录，该系统“设计之初仅考虑到机组手动驾驶的罕见情况”，故飞行员“不应该在实际飞行中看到这个系统”。结果，波音选择不在MAX机型的操作手册中加入相关介绍。
而在狮航空难发生后，两家美国飞行员工会都表示，波音737 MAX机型的“机动特性增强系统（MCAS）”存在潜在风险，但在飞行员的操作手册或培训中都没有得到充分说明。工会领导人说，MAX系列机型的任何文件中都没有阐述这一风险和应对措施。
如果上述信息属实，狮航事故航班机组人员是无法在操作手册上找到解决方法的。
两起空难有“明显相似之处”
结合本次埃航事故，埃塞俄比亚当局已于17日表示，经过对黑匣子的初步分析认为，这次空难和狮航事故有着“明显相似之处”。
“数据已经恢复成功，美国团队和我们（埃塞俄比亚）的团队都验证了数据。我们感谢法国政府（黑匣子检测地），三四天后我们会公布更多消息。”埃塞俄比亚交通部一位发言人表示。
但在华盛顿，美国官员向路透社称，该国政府部门尚未验证数据。
当天，位于波音工厂所在地当地媒体、《西雅图时报》还扔出重磅曝料：波音737 MAX飞行操作系统的安全认证，是自己完成的。此外，为了吸引更多航空公司买家，波音甚至隐瞒了安装新型飞行系统一事，减少飞行员培训，以节省巨大成本作为卖点。
MCAS系统
文章指出该机型电子系统的一个这几漏洞：为防止飞机空中失速，飞行控制系统可以转动飞机的平尾，让机头朝下。但客机服役后，该机型新功能MCAS转动速度要比初始安全评估标出的速度高出四倍多。
这就造成飞机在触发MCAS系统后，机头下坠幅度将出乎驾驶员意料，这一切似乎在狮航事故中得以体现。
波音和美国联邦航空管理局至今未对《西雅图时报》这篇文章作出回应。19日，波音CEO在坠机事故发生8日打破沉默，对空难罹难者家属表示慰问，并重申波音公司对安全的承诺。
今日美股开盘，波音小幅高开，截至发稿涨0.38%，报374.86美元/股。
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原创 波音致命问题浮出水面，数万名空姐拒绝登机，总裁首次出面表态
2019-03-20 22:53 美国 /俄罗斯 /法国
自埃航客机坠毁导致157人死亡后，波音公司和美国联邦航空局(FAA)在众多737Max8存在安全漏洞的“巧合”下，依然坚称，737Max8没有安全系统问题。
事件发生的第二天，737Max的购买国家相继宣布停飞并中止和波音公司的后续订单，美国在各方的口诛笔伐尤其是本国网友的声讨和数万名空姐拒绝登机的情况下，不得不宣布停飞。
然而，事件还在持续发酵，FAA认证波音737Max8安全性能的过程正在被美国运输部调查，有证据显示，FAA批准波音737Max8飞机运行的时间比正常情况短。
且法国媒体报道，FAA在测试737Max8时出现了飞机容易抬头的问题随之要求配备一个安全系统让机头下降。
这个系统就是机动特性增强系统（MCAS），它会自动降低因为改装后起飞时，容易抬起的机头。
在飞行员不知情的状况下，出现“人机互搏”，飞机自动向下俯冲的致命问题。所以这个系统被认为是致使埃航、狮航共346人遇难的罪魁祸首。
波音作为全球最大的航空公司，与美国在航空航天、军事装备等多方面都有合作，美国军方在波音出事后，不顾其存在的危险，继续使用737Max运载乘客，力挺波音。
据悉，波音737Max每年可以为波音带来300亿美元的利润。不过，波音的“春天”要过去了，迎接FAA和波音的将会是凛冽的“寒冬”。
声誉大损后，波音的股价创史上新低，我国、俄罗斯相继推广自己的民用机，全球第二大的航空公司——空客，旗下的A320neo借此也成为了各国航空“宠儿”。
据悉，坠毁客机的黑匣子中的数据和狮航黑匣子里的数据极为相似，两架坠毁的737Max客机在种种相似下，都指向了MCAS系统。
装备了MCAS安全系统的737Max是如何通过安全评价呢？FAA与波音公司为了加大竞争优势，赶在对手空客A320neo前运营737Max。FAA在没有完全测定MCSA系统的各项数据下，就给波音737Max颁布了安全证书。
此外还有一个致命问题，美国航空工会曾多次要求波音公司提供737Max的飞行模拟器，以便飞行员更好的掌控飞机，但FAA和波音公司认为飞行员在iPad软件上学习驾驶就可以了，没必要额外浪费钱。而波音总裁丹尼斯·米伦伯格的首次公开表态，也只是不痛不痒的来了一句：正在采取行动，确保波音737MAX系列飞机的安全性。
FAA和波音公司沆瀣一气，为了利益不顾乘客的安全，以致接连发生两起空难。在各界人士的揭露下，他们已经成为了“过街老鼠，人人喊打”。
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Lion Air Black Box Recording Exposure: Desperate Flip Operation Manual
2019-03-20 22:39
[Text / Observer Network Xu Wei An]
After the Ethiopian Boeing 737 MAX accident, the world's eyes once again concentrated on the Lion Air accident five months ago: If the two air crashes have similarities, it will further prove that the Boeing model has a fatal flaw.
Today, Reuters learned that the recording of the black box of the Indonesian Lion Air JT610 flight that crashed on October 29 last year was first publicized: before the plane crashed, the crew was still turning the operation manual, but eventually no solution was found.
Observer Network noted that the investigation team of the accident revealed on November 12 last year that the manual provided by Boeing on this flight did not mention how to deal with such a situation.
In this way, the last 13 minutes of the life of the entire crew on the Lions plane seems to be pinned on the possibility of 0%.
Lion Air Accident Aircraft Black Box Picture from CNBC
"Time is up, the question is not finished"
This time, Reuters did not get the recording audio, nor did it record the paper, but the news was confirmed by three anonymous investigators. It was the first time that the lion’s cockpit had 13 minutes in the cockpit.
According to the Observer Network, combined with the preliminary report of the black box released by the Indonesian authorities last November, the incident was restored as follows:
On October 29, 2018, at 6:20 am local time, the Lion Air plane took off from Jakarta under the command of the Indian captain. The Indonesian deputy captain was responsible for wireless communication.
Two minutes later, the deputy captain reported to the air traffic control department that the aircraft had an "operational problem." A source quoted by Reuters said that the deputy captain found an abnormality in the airspeed indicator. Another source said that the abnormal prompt appeared only on the vice captain's dashboard, and there was no prompt on the position. The captain immediately requested the deputy captain to check the operation manual, which contained instructions for handling abnormal conditions during the flight of the aircraft.
In the next 9 minutes, there was a “human-machine war” in the cockpit of the Lion Air JT610 flight. The onboard electronic system warned the driver that the aircraft was stalling and the nose began to fall. The captain tried to get the plane to climb, but the electronic system still showed "stall" and the nose continued to fall.
During the process, almost no one spoke in the cockpit. In the end, the captain asked the vice captain to fly the plane and began to flip through the operating manual.
One minute before the crash, the captain asked the air traffic control department to clear the route below 3,000 feet and requested the flight altitude of 5,000 feet to be approved. This is also the last sentence of the captain, and the vice captain prayed that "Allah is supreme."
After the plane crashed into the sea, all 189 people on board were killed.
The scene of the black box recording restoration is basically consistent with the details in the preliminary investigation report at the end of November last year. As far as the flight altitude record is concerned, the Lion Air accident aircraft quickly fell after 2 hours of take-off, then pulled up to more than 3,000 feet, the sailing altitude fluctuated, and finally fell rapidly.
The height of the lion's wrecked aircraft after taking off from the New York Times
Reuters believes that the last few minutes of the crew on board were "desperate." One of the sources commented, "This is like an exam, 100 questions. The time is up, you only answered 75. So (they) will panic, it is a time-limited situation."
0% probability
The description of the “Emergency Review Operation Manual” is also consistent with the contents of the earlier investigation report.
The investigation team of the accident disclosed to Reuters on November 12 that, in combination with the black box record, the investigation team believed that one of the reasons for the crash was the abnormal data on the "attend angle sensor" on board. A new "anti-stall" system installed on the aircraft has an automatic nose-down system. According to information released by Boeing afterwards, the system on the 737 MAX has the ability to bypass the driver's control. Even if the hand is pulled up manually, the descent will be repeated automatically after five seconds.
The investigation team pointed out that Boeing's operating manuals and training programs did not mention this newly installed system.
According to a memo from Southwest Airlines last November 10th, the system "designed at first only to take into account the rare situation of manual driving of the crew", so the pilot "should not see this system in actual flight." As a result, Boeing chose not to include the introduction in the operating manual of the MAX model.
After the lion aviation disaster, the two American pilot unions said that the Boeing 737 MAX model "Machic Feature Enhancement System (MCAS)" has potential risks, but it has not been fully explained in the pilot's operating manual or training. Union leaders said that the risk and response were not addressed in any of the MAX series models.
If the above information is true, the crew of the Lion Air accident flight cannot find a solution in the operation manual.
There are "significant similarities" between the two air crashes
In conjunction with this E-Air accident, the Ethiopian authorities said on the 17th that after a preliminary analysis of the black box, the air crash and the Lion Air accident had "significant similarities."
“The data has been successfully restored, and the US team and our (Ethiopia) team have verified the data. We are grateful to the French government (black box detection site), we will announce more news in three or four days,” said a spokesman for the Ethiopian Ministry of Transport.
But in Washington, US officials told Reuters that the government department had not verified the data.
On the same day, the local media at the Boeing factory, the Seattle Times also threw out heavy exposure: the safety certification of the Boeing 737 MAX flight operating system was completed by itself. In addition, in order to attract more airline buyers, Boeing even concealed the installation of a new flight system, reducing pilot training, to save huge costs as a selling point.
MCAS system
The article points out a few vulnerabilities in the electronic system of this model: In order to prevent the aircraft from stalling in the air, the flight control system can rotate the flat tail of the aircraft and let the nose face down. However, after the passenger aircraft is in service, the new function MCAS rotation speed of this model is more than four times faster than the initial safety evaluation.
This caused the aircraft to drop the amplitude of the nose after the MCAS system was triggered. This seems to be reflected in the Lion Air accident.
Boeing and the US Federal Aviation Administration have not responded to the Seattle Times article so far. On the 19th, Boeing CEO broke the silence on the 8th of the crash and expressed condolences to the families of the victims. He reiterated Boeing’s commitment to safety.
Today, US stocks opened, Boeing opened slightly higher, as of press release, up 0.38%, to 374.86 US dollars / share.
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The original Boeing fatal problem surfaced, tens of thousands of flight attendants refused to board the plane, the president made his debut
2019-03-20 22:53 United States /Russia /France
Boeing and the US Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) still insisted that the 737Max8 had no security system problems after the crash of 157 passengers.
On the second day of the incident, the purchasing country of 737Max announced that it had grounded and suspended the follow-up orders with Boeing. In the case of the United States’ criticism, especially the denunciation of domestic netizens and the tens of thousands of flight attendants who refused to board the plane, they had to Announced grounding.
However, the event continues to ferment, and the FAA-certified Boeing 737Max8 safety performance process is being investigated by the US Department of Transportation. There is evidence that the FAA approved the Boeing 737Max8 aircraft to operate for a shorter period of time than normal.
And the French media reported that the FAA had a problem with the aircraft being easy to look up when testing the 737Max8 and then required a safety system to lower the nose.
This system is the Mobility Enhancement System (MCAS), which automatically reduces the nose that is easily lifted when it is taken off after modification.
Under the condition that the pilot is unaware of the situation, there is a fatal problem of "human-machine interaction" and the aircraft automatically swooping down. Therefore, this system is considered to be the chief culprit in the death of 346 people in Egypt Airlines and Lion Air.
As the world's largest airline, Boeing has cooperated with the United States in aerospace, military equipment and other aspects. After the Boeing accident, the US military continued to use the 737Max to carry passengers and support Boeing despite its danger.
It is reported that Boeing 737Max can bring Boeing a profit of 30 billion US dollars every year. However, Boeing’s “spring” is over, and the welcoming of the FAA and Boeing will be awkward “cold winter”.
After the reputation was greatly damaged, Boeing’s share price hit a new low in history. China and Russia successively promoted their own civilian aircraft. The world’s second largest airline, Airbus, and its A320neo have become the “darlings” of aviation in various countries.
It is reported that the data in the black box of the crashed passenger plane is very similar to the data in the black box of the Lion Air. The two crashed 737Max aircraft are all pointing to the MCAS system under various similarities.
How does the 737Max equipped with the MCAS safety system pass the safety evaluation? In order to increase its competitive advantage, FAA and Boeing have been operating 737Max before the rival Airbus A320neo. The FAA issued a safety certificate to Boeing 737Max without fully measuring the data of the MCSA system.
There is also a fatal problem. The American Aviation Union has repeatedly asked Boeing to provide the 737Max flight simulator so that the pilot can better control the aircraft, but the FAA and Boeing believe that the pilot can learn to drive on the iPad software, no need Extra money is wasted. The first public statement of Boeing President Dennis Millenberg was just a painstaking one: taking action to ensure the safety of the Boeing 737MAX series.
The FAA and the Boeing Company were stunned, and in order to disregard the safety of passengers, two air crashes occurred in succession. Under the disclosure of people from all walks of life, they have become "crossing the street mouse, everyone shouting."
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