Price terms. Gas must be priced at a level competitive with alternate fuels in the marketplace and provide an adequate return for all parties in the chain.
Pricing may be (1) fixed, (2) fixed with escalators, or (3)floating.
(1) A fixed price is a set negotiated price over the term of the contract and is usually found in shorter-term contracts.
(2) A fixed price with an escalator is a fixed price that changes by a certain percentage every year or other specified time frame to reflect an inflator or an index of a known variable. Indexing prices helps to ensure gas price competitiveness to alternate fuels and helps to integrate changes in the marketplace without renegotiating long-term contracts. Most gas contracts in Europe are indexed to the price of crude oil or other liquid fuel products imported by the gas buying country.
(3) Alternatively, a floating price varies according to prices reported by unbiased sources, such as newspapers and NYMEX quotations. In this case, the contracts are revalued every month or every week according to the reported prices.
Prices, both fixed and floating, may also be limited to a maximum ceiling price or a minimum floor price for the term of the contract. Contracts may also have combinations of fixed and floating prices.