Big Japs Super-Volcano Island Rising Up Huge, 100M deaths expected! Flee!

[Tony Tan]

https://tw.news.yahoo.com/日本火山穹丘隆起-爆發恐奪1億人性命-013541742.html

日本火山穹丘隆起 一爆發恐奪1億人性命

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2018年2月14日 上午9:35

▲日本「鬼界破火山口」的火山穹丘正在隆起，若噴發恐造成1億人喪命。（圖／翻攝自每日郵報）
近日，日本神戶某海底探測中心研究發現，在九州南部海域，「鬼界破火山口」（鬼界カルデラ）的火山穹丘正在隆起，一旦爆發恐將造成一億人喪命。

據了解，「鬼界破火山口」（鬼界カルデラ）為鹿兒島薩摩半島南方大隅海峽附近的海底火山，寬約 10 公里，高約 600 公尺，體積更達 32 立方公里，被列為世界最大規模的火山穹丘，中心長巽好幸說，此火山穹丘的體積比櫻島火山大 3 倍，曾在距今約 7300 多年前巨大爆發過，若再次爆發，恐將死多達 1 億人。

根據外媒報導，神戶海底探測中心（Kobe Ocean Bottom Exploration Center）發現火山穹丘正逐漸隆起，表面有扭曲的紋路，意味著地下岩漿可能正在產生熔岩活動，且火山口附近還有聲響，不排除有再次爆發的可能。

此外，巽好幸表示，「鬼界破火山口」若真爆發，噴出的火山灰將遮蔽陽光，導致全球出現異常寒冷天氣，且因爆發規模大，恐怕也會引起海嘯，包括日本南部、大陸與台灣沿海地區都可能遭受波及。不過，巽好幸也指出，此火山穹丘在未來一百年內爆發的機率微乎其微，僅有 1 % ，請大家不用太擔心。

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火山穹丘隆起 1億人命危險了


http://www.news.com.au/technology/e...n/news-story/d0398a120cc96ddb0bcbb74ed8796960

Kikai supervolcano: Rising lava dome reveals magma pressure is rising beneath Japan
THERE’s a supervolcano beneath Japan. Now geologists have discovered it’s beginning to wake from its 7000-year-old slumber.

Jamie Seidel
News Corp Australia NetworkFebruary 13, 20184:43pm

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The Supervolcanoes that could kill us all

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SUPERVOLCANOS are scary.

They don’t work like other volcanoes. They’re huge — but thin — patches of the Earth’s crust.

When the enormous mass of lava burbling beneath bursts through to the surface, they can change the planet.

They already have. Several times.

Yellowstone National Park is the most publicised beast. There’s another under Naples, Italy.

But one positioned in the ocean off southern Japan is only now being understood by science.

A research paper published in Nature Scientific Reports states a lava dome is expanding within the Kikai Caldera.

Here Kikai caldera Inner and outer caldera rims are shown by solid lines. Several intrusions (yellow) are distributed along the caldera rims. Dredge (yellow diamond), ROV diving (blue diamonds), and scuba diving (yellow triangles) points are also shown. Map: Scientific ReportsSource:Supplied

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This is just 50km south of Kyushu — Japan’s most southerly main island.

The dome itself is 9.5km wide. The seabed has been forced upwards some 610 meters by more than 31 cubic kilometres of lava.

Its peak sits just 30m beneath the ocean waves.

But the dome is not in itself a problem.

It’s what it represents.

It means a vastly bigger crucible of magma below has begun building up pressure once again.

If it bursts, researchers say it could kill some 100 million people.

The location of the Kikai Caldera in relation to the main islands of southern Japan. Some 100 million people live within its fallout zone. A) Kikai Caldera. B) Nagasaki. C) Hiroshima. D) Osaka. Picture: Google MapsSource:Supplied

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HISTORIC TERROR

Kikai has exploded before. Japanese volcanologists have found ample evidence of an eruption of 500 cubic kilometres of magma some 7000 years ago.

There is evidence of another super-eruption about 95,000 years ago. And another some 140,000 years.

Where it’s at now, volcanologist Yoshiyuki Tatsumi says there is about a 1 per cent chance of a “catastrophic” eruption within 100 years.

Three surveys have conducted sonar, submersible and seismic mapping of the site to get a picture of what is going on down below.

Another is scheduled for next month.

Topographical maps showing post-caldera sediment cover layers, ejecta from old eruptions and the new central lava dome. Picture: Scientific ReportsSource:Supplied

“The lava dome is chemically different from the super-eruption, suggesting that a new magma supply system had been developed after 7,300 years ago,” Tatsumi told The New York Times.

This means the supervolcano has found a new and different source of magma.

“The post-caldera activity is regarded as the preparation stage to the next super-eruption,” Tatsumi told Live Science, “not as the calming-down stage from the previous super-eruption.”

Amid the evidence for this are active hydrothermal springs and dense streams of gas bubbling up from the sea bed.

But evidence of life is not evidence of an impending mega eruption.

Lava at the surface of the central dome. The surface of lava dome consists of rhyolite blocks with water-chilled, tortoiseshell contraction cracks (b) and pillow lobe structures. A photograph (a) was supplied from NHK. Source: Scientific ReportsSource:Supplied

LOOKING AHEAD

The lava dome is a sign. But not a portent of doom.

But if it was to burst, the resulting eruption of steam and gas would have a serious effect on the global climate. Temperatures would plunge by several degrees. Crops would fail. The weather would go wild.

Exactly how far down the track of this terrible fate Kikai has travelled is hoped to be determined next month.

A new survey involving seismic and electromagnetic sensors will combine with underwater robots to clarify exactly what shape the caldera is in — and thereby hopefully exposing what forces are at play.

Researchers also hope to form a picture of the underground magma reservoir to a depth of 30km.

Based on these results, they hope to refine expectations for when the next eruption is due.

Lava flows down the slopes of Mayon volcano as it erupts anew, as seen from Legazpi city, Albay province around 340 kilometres southeast of Manila, Philippines. Kikai could push out 31 cubic kilometres of lava.(AP Photo/Bullit Marquez)Source:AP

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[Tony Tan]

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencet...ng-volcano-near-Japans-southerly-islands.html

Underwater supervolcano could erupt without warning and kill 100 million people after scientists find a 6-mile wide lava dome growing off the coast of Japan

• Japanese researchers have found evidence of a giant dome containing lava
• The dome lies within the mostly submerged Kikai Caldera south of Kyushu Island
• A researcher says the lava dome could kill up to 100 million people if it erupts
• But the risk of a caldera eruption hitting Japan is just 1% in the next 100 years

By Cecile Borkhataria For Mailonline

Published: 11:05 GMT, 13 February 2018 | Updated: 20:32 GMT, 13 February 2018

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A submerged volcano off the coast of Japan that erupted 7,300 years ago could be preparing to make a comeback.

Scientists have discovered evidence of a giant dome of lava in the Kikai volcano's collapsed magma chamber.

They believe it contains about 32 cubic km (7.68 cubic miles) of magma, and distortions on its surface suggest the dome is growing.

Currently the dome is around 6.2 miles (10 kilometers) wide and 1,968 feet (600 meters) tall.

Scientists say an eruption could take place without warning, and if it does, it could kill as many as 100 million people and trigger a 'volcanic winter'.

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Japanese researchers have found evidence of a giant dome of lava containing about 32 cubic kilometres (7.68 cubic miles) of magma. The dome lies within Kikai Caldera, which lies beneath Satsuma Iōjima (pictured, which belongs to the southerly Ōsumi Islands Archipelago)

The study, conducted by researchers with the Kobe Ocean-Bottom Exploration Center (KOBEC) at Kobe University, confirmed that the giant lava dome was created after a caldera-forming supereruption 7,300 years ago.

That eruption is thought to have wiped out the prehistoric Jomon civilisation in southern Japan.

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If the new lava dome erupts, it could eject huge amounts of debris into the atmosphere, potentially blocking out the sun for some areas to trigger a 'volcanic winter'.

It could also cause tsunami that would hit southern Japan and the coasts of Taiwan and China, before striking the coasts of North and South America.

The paper says such supereruptions are 'rare but extremely hazardous events, and also have severe global impacts such as 'volcanic winter'.

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A relief image map of Kikai Caldera. Inner and outer caldera rims are shown by solid lines. Magma movement (yellow) can be seen in this image along the caldera's rim. Dredge (yellow diamond), ROV diving (blue diamonds), and scuba diving (yellow triangles) points where researchers conducted their studies are shown

'Many of these super-volcanoes repeat super-eruptions in their multi-million year histories', the report said, adding that the scientists hope to be able to use their research in 'preparation for the next super-eruption'.

The lava dome is in a caldera - a cauldron-like depression that forms following the collapse of a volcano into itself, forming a crater.

These collapses are usually triggered when a magma reservoir beneath a volcano is emptied as the result of a volcanic eruption.

Since KOBEC was established in 2015, the Center has carried out three survey voyages.

The lava dome rises to 600 metres (1,968.5 feet) above the seabed and is now only 30.5 metres (100 feet) beneath the surface.

According to the study, the outer and inner caldera rim may overlap on Satsuma Iōjima and Takeshima Islands, which belong to the southerly Ōsumi Islands Archipelago off southern coast of Japan.

+6
Japanese researchers have found evidence of a giant dome of lava containing about 32 cubic kilometres (7.68 cubic miles) of magma. The expanding dome lies within the Kikai Caldera, a mostly submerged caldera south of Kyushu Island, the southernmost of Japan's main islands

Six samples collected so far from this dome are rhyolites, a type of igneous rock that forms through the cooling of magma or lava, suggesting that the dome could contain lava.

The researchers discovered several intrusions on the surface of the dome, leading them to believe that lava is building up underneath the dome.

They also spotted active gas bubbling, as well as super-heated water columns, near the caldera.

Professor Yoshiyuki Tastsumi, head of KOBEC and a magma specialist, as well as the first author of the study, told The Mainichi newspaper that 'Although the probability of a gigantic caldera eruption hitting the Japanese archipelago is 1 percent in the next 100 years, it is estimated that the death toll could rise to approximately 100 million in the worst case scenario'.

+6
Lava domes form when less viscous lava erupts from a vent. Because it is less viscous, the lava does not spread far, so it cools and hardens rapidly. The lava piles up around the vent, and the dome grows. Lava domes usually have steep walls because the lava piles up around the vent

Researchers equipped training ship Fukae Maru, part of the Kobe University Graduate School of Maritime Sciences, with the latest observation equipment to survey the Kikai Caldera.

During the three voyages, KOBEC carried out detailed underwater geological surveys, seismic reflection (estimating the properties of the Earth's subsurface from reflected seismic waves), observations by underwater robots, samples and analysis of rocks, and observations using underwater seismographs and electromagnetometers.

In their upcoming March 2018 voyage, the researchers plan to use seismic reflection and underwater robots to clarify the formation process of the caldera revealed in previous surveys and the mechanism that causes a giant caldera eruption.

+6
Researchers observed active gas bubbling, as well as super-heated water columns, near the caldera, supporting the idea that lava is building up underneath the dome. Pictured are a water column anomaly (a) and gas bubbling (b) at the dome surface

They will also use seismic and electromagentic methods to determine the existence of a giant magma build-up, and in collaboration with the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology will carry out a large-scale underground survey, attempting to capture high-resolution visualizations of the magma system within the Earth's crust.

Based on results from these surveys, the team plans to continue monitoring and aims to pioneer a method for predicting giant caldera-forming eruptions.

Japan sits atop four different tectonic plates, making it one of Earth's most seismically active regions.

Japan and its islands lie within the Pacific 'Ring of Fire' - a horseshoe-shaped geological zone that is a hot bed for tectonic and volcanic activity.

WHAT IS EARTH'S 'RING OF FIRE'?
Earth's so-called 'Ring of Fire' is a horseshoe-shaped geological disaster zone that is a hot bed for tectonic and volcanic activity.

Roughly 90 per cent of the world's earthquakes occur in the belt, which is also home to more than 450 volcanoes.

The seismic region stretches along the Pacific Ocean coastlines, where the Pacific Plate grinds against other plates that form the Earth's crust.

It loops from New Zealand to Chile, passing through the coasts of Asia and the Americas on the way.

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In total, the loop makes up a 25,000-mile (40,000-kilometre) -long zone prone to frequent earthquakes and eruptions.

The region is susceptible to disasters because it is home to a vast number of 'subduction zones', areas where tectonic plates overlap.

Earthquakes are triggered when these plates scrape or slide underneath one another, and when that happens at sea it can spawn tsunamis.





Read more:

• Giant rhyolite lava dome formation after 7.3 ka supereruption at Kikai caldera, SW Japan | Scientific Reports
• Gigantic lava dome found under sea off Kagoshima Pref. - The Mainichi

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[Tony Tan]

https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20180210/p2a/00m/0na/013000c

Gigantic lava dome found under sea off Kagoshima Pref.


February 10, 2018 (Mainichi Japan)

Japanese version

KOBE -- The Kobe Ocean-Bottom Exploration Center (KOBEC) announced on Feb. 9 that one of the world's largest lava domes was discovered at Kikai Caldera, an undersea volcano about 50 kilometers south of the Satsuma Peninsula in Kagoshima Prefecture.

The lava dome, measuring 600 meters high, 10 kilometers in diameter and more than 32 cubic kilometers in volume, may be a sign that a large magma chamber capable of triggering an enormous caldera eruption is growing, KOBEC officials said.

Kikai Caldera is a 20-kilometer diameter hollow created by a massive eruption about 7,300 years ago that is said to have wiped out the Jomon culture across southern Kyushu. KOBEC explored the caldera's bottom three times during the two-year period up to October 2017, using the Fukae Maru, a training ship owned by Kobe University graduate school, and confirmed a dome within the caldera.

After analyzing rocks and stones collected from the dome, researchers found that their chemical property was different from that of materials ejected when the Kikai Caldera was formed. A further survey of the surrounding faults found a distortion caused by a bulge from the inside. These findings led researchers to conclude that the dome is made of lava and was created by an eruption sometime after the formation of Kikai Caldera.

Furthermore, a hydrothermal plume was confirmed billowing above the lava dome, and researchers speculate that there is volcanic activity immediately beneath the dome.

According to KOBEC, the Japanese archipelago has seen a total of 10 massive caldera eruptions that spewed magma of at least 40 cubic kilometers each over the past 120,000 years, the last of which was apparently the eruption giving birth to Kikai Caldera.

Professor Yoshiyuki Tatsumi, head of KOBEC and a magma specialist, commented, "Although the probability of a gigantic caldera eruption hitting the Japanese archipelago is 1 percent in the next 100 years, it is estimated that the death toll could rise to approximately 100 million in the worst case scenario."

Papers on the discovery of the giant lava dome were published in the electronic edition of the British scientific journal "Scientific Reports" on Feb. 9. Among the 17 authors of the papers is Hideaki Takizawa, 35, a popular Japanese actor and singer affectionately called Tackey, who collected the rocks and stones that were used in the analysis of the dome.

During the shooting of a TV program for public broadcaster NHK last fall, Takizawa dived to the top of the lava dome -- which according to KOBEC lies about 20 meters below the surface of the sea -- to collect the rocks and stones. "He played an extremely crucial role," professor Tatsumi commented.

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[Tony Tan]

Last eruption near by

 

[syed putra]

The tsunami will wipe out china coastal cities. Its japan's secret weapon.

 

[ToaPehGong]

My favourite part of such news is always the advertisement below

 

[eatshitndie]

can't wait for supa volcano to appear under the failippines. that archipelago of losers need to go kaboom.

 

[condom_loong]

https://www.rt.com/news/419097-volcano-super-eruption-japan-kikai/

‘Worst case scenario’: Underwater magma chamber ‘could kill 100 million people’
Published time: 17 Feb, 2018 11:57
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A lava flow. © Richard Bouhet / AFP

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A magma reservoir potentially hidden behind an underwater volcanic crater could have civilization-ending results if it ever erupts, according to Japanese scientists.
Experts from the Kobe University Ocean Bottom Exploration Center (KOBEC) have confirmed that a giant caldera or large crater exists in the Japanese Archipelago. The crater, measuring 32 cubic kilometers, is said to be the largest of its kind and the result of an explosive underwater eruption 7,300 years ago, according to their latest study.

Sitting between the Pacific and Philippine Sea Oceanic plates, Japan is a hotbed for seismic activity, which is why scientists are keen on updating methods of predicting natural disasters. The KOBEC team has been carrying out detailed surveys of the area and published their findings in Scientific Reports.

READ MORE: 'This is crazy': Antarctic supervolcano melting ice sheet from within

Located to the south of Kyushu, the Kikai caldera has very small chance of erupting over the next 100 years, reports KOBEC. However, the lead scientist studying the volcanic formation has given an ominous warning about the bubbling caldera’s destructive potential.

Map of Kikai caldera location. ©Google
“Although the probability of a gigantic caldera eruption hitting the Japanese archipelago is 1 percent in the next 100 years, it is estimated that the death toll could rise to approximately 100 million in the worst case scenario,” professor Yoshiyuki Tatsumi, head of KOBEC, told The Mainichi.

Super eruptions are rare, with Yellowstone Volcano Observatory scientist Michael Poland telling RT.com that the odds of civilization-ending explosion is “astronomically small.” However, scientists researching the Kikai caldera believe that a giant magma reservoir may lay hidden below the crust - and an eruption could be deadly.

“An eruption like this would see over 40 cubic kilometers of magma released in one burst, causing enormous damage,” a KOBEC statement reads. “The mechanism behind this and how to predict this event are urgent questions.”

A team of scientists armed with underwater robots plan to return to the crater in March to determine whether the magma build up exists. It’s hoped that KOBEC and the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology will be able to use the research to pioneer a way to predict caldera eruptions.

 

[condom_loong]

 

[Truth_Hurts]

Like the movie?

 

[Devil Within]

If it burst, there goes all your global warming man-made CO2 nonsense.

 

[Truth_Hurts]

I wish there were super volcanos in Beijing n ah Neh land.. wipe out 100 million ah nehs n northern mandarin speaking dogs will do the world of good

 

[eatshitndie]

the best place of refuge for japs to escape to in such a cataclysmic scenario is korea then manchuria or northern china. it's best for china to prepare an evacuation haven on the mainland for at least 69 million japs.