Allah is Baal..
Allah Is None Other Than Baal of the Old Testament!
Hope of Israel Ministries (Ecclesia of YEHOVAH):Allah Is None Other Than Baal of the Old Testament!The Old Testament explicitly denies the Muslim assertion that the pre-Islamic Ishmaelites knew and worshiped the true God and that their only problem was that they associated other gods with him. The data conclusively shows that as the centuries unfolded the Ishmaelites forsook the God of their ancestors Abraham and Jacob, YEHOVAH Elohim, for the worship of some false god.
The false god whom they worshiped as the true God was none other than Baal.by Sam ShamounWe read in the 83rd chapter of the Psalms that the Ishmaelites
did notworship YEHOVAH God:
The Psalm is part of collection of Psalms which are attributed to Asaph. Asaph lived about 1000 BC, and was a leader of David’s Levitical choirs, and had descendants from his line who continued as singers for many centuries. Some think that Psalm 83 was composed in 1040 BC, others at 800 BC., others claim it dates from 600 BC., and still others that date it from 400 BC.The implication this Psalm has on the Muslim claims is quite devastating. According to this Psalm the Ishmaelites, at least from the period between 1000-400 BC., were part of the nations
who hated both the true God and his covenant people. The Psalmist asks YEHOVAH God to bring utter destruction upon these nations so that they may come to the realization that YEHOVAH alone is the Most High God over the earth. This means that if the Muslim claims regarding the Meccan Arabs being descendents of Ishmael are correct, then
the Allah of pre-Islamic Mecca was a false god. He couldn’t have been the same God worshiped by Jews and Christians.In fact, there is evidence which points to
Baalbeing the high god worshiped by the Meccans!For instance, there seems to be a broad consensus that the high god of Mecca was Hubal:
Ibn Al-Kalbi in his
Book of Idolsnotes:
(Source:
http://answering-islam.org/Books/Al-Kalbi/uzza.htm -- emphasis ours)
The
Oxford Dictionary of Islam (Oxford University Press, 2003) says that
Hubal was the patron deity of Muhammad's particular tribe:
More on this below.F. E. Peters, though not believing that Hubal is Allah, nonetheless writes:
Some additional details on this cleromantic deity, the most powerful of the pagan idols of Mecca, is supplied by the Meccan historian Azraqi...
Peters' footnote 59 states:
The data also points in the direction of
Hubal being the Arabic for the Hebrew Ha Baal, "the Baal."For instance, F. E. Peters’ statement above regarding Amr ibn Luhayy bringing Hubal from Mesopotamia provides evidence that the idol was a representation of Baal.Islamicist Martin Ling, while commenting on the origin of paganism in Mecca, further supports this when he writes:
Commenting on 'Abd al-Muttalib's rediscovery of the well of Zamzam and its treasures, Lings writes:
Ibn Kathir noted:
Interestingly, Ibn Kathir shows that
the god of Muhammad’s family was Hubal, and that his grandfather even prayed to Allah by facing Hubal’s idol!Ibn Ishaq stated,
The tradition goes on to say that
the lot fell on ‘Abd Allah, Muhammad’s future father, meaning that he would have to be sacrificed. The Quraish convinced ‘Abd al-Muttalib to find a way of sparing his son, and convinced him to consult a woman diviner. The text continues:
The foregoing makes it quite clear that
the Allah to whom Muhammad’s grandfather vowed and worshiped was none other than Hubal. There is simply no escaping this.In fact, one author goes so far as to suggest that
Hubal may have actually been a name personifying a specific aspect of Allah:
The following citations from Philip K. Hitti puts this all together quite nicely:
And:
Ibn Kathir noted that
Muhammad's family worshiped Hubal, with the
Oxford Dictionary of Islam stating that Hubal was the Quraysh's patron deity. If Hitti is correct regarding Allah being the Quraysh's' tribal deity then this provides additional proof that
Allah was a name for Hubal. Note the following syllogism:
1) Hubal was the chief deity of the Quraysh.
2) Allah was the chief deity of the Quraysh.
3) Therefore,
Hubal was Allah in pre-Islamic times.There is another indirect piece of evidence which links Allah to Baal. Franz Rosenthal, while commenting on the mass confusion which surrounded the Muslims regarding the precise meaning of
as-samad(Cf. 112:2), posits a possible origin for the word. He says:
If Rosenthal is correct, then this is just additional support that
Allah was the name of Hubal, and that Hubal was Arabic for Baal.That the term Allah was used in pre-Islamic times for any pagan deity, suggesting that it is quite possible that
Allah was applied to Hubal, is a view held by many scholars and writers:
Former Muslim turned atheist Ibn Warraq writes:
Gerhard Nehls writes:
The next set of quotes lend support to Nehls’ claim regarding Allah being used as a title applicable to the particular deity worshiped by a specific tribe or group:
(Note: The preceding citations were taken from Dr. Jamal Badawi’s debate with Dr. Robert Morey on November 9, 1996 titled "Is Allah of the Quran the one true and universal God?" Astonishingly, Dr. Badawi tried to use these quotes to offset Morey’s claim that Allah was a pagan deity, despite the fact that these citations suggest otherwise!)One writer goes so far as
to apply Baal to the name Hubal. Speaking of the Kabah, Barnaby Rogerson writes:
And:
Noted Christian Apologist John Gilchrist states:
We next turn to the Holy Bible to show that the nations mentioned in Psalm 83, as well as in the Muslim sources, such as Edomites, Syrians, Amalekites, Moabites and the Midianites, all worshiped Baal:
Aram is the Biblical name for what is otherwise known as Syria:
These passages also show that Esau's descendents, the Edomites, settled in Aram. The Amalekites were also descendents of Esau who settled in Seir, another descendent of Esau:
What this essentially means is that these nations all worshiped the false god Baal.And now to summarize the data:
1) According to the Bible, the Ishmaelites were not worshiping YEHOVAH God.
2) Their alliance with nations that worshiped Baal suggests that they were also worshiping the false god Baal.
3) Both Muslim and non-Muslim sources state that
Hubal was recognized as the chief presiding deity of the Kabah.
4) Muhammad’s grandfather worshiped Hubal, and even
prayed to Allah while facing Hubal’s idol.
5) The Muslim sources claim that
Hubal was brought to Mecca from Syria due to the influence of the Moabites and/or the Amalekites.6) These nations worshiped Baal which demonstrates that
Hubal is actually the Arabic form of Hebrew Ha Baal or the Baal.The foregoing seriously damages the Muslim claim regarding Allah in pre-Islamic times being the same God of Abraham. The assertion that the pre-Islamic Ishmaelites worshiped the same God cannot be maintained in light of the Psalm’s clear statement that they, along with a host of other pagan nations, hated and opposed YEHOVAH and his covenant people Israel.
The evidence linking Allah with Hubal implies this as well. Hence, if the Muslim contention that the Meccan Arabs are Ishmaelites is correct, then
the god of Mecca, the Allah of pre-Islamic Arabia, is actually the false god Baal.What makes this more interesting is that one modern Muslim scholar acknowledges that
Hubal was the name for the moon god:
Ayoub's comments that the Arabs didn't worship Allah suggest that they viewed Allah as being too distant and disinterested in their daily affairs to be bothered with. Yet, one can also understand the Arabs' disinterest in Allah, in contrast to their worship of Hubal, to mean that Allah was a less important deity than Hubal. This would basically imply that Allah was not considered to be the supreme deity, contrary to Ayoub's claims. More importantly,
if Allah was a name for Hubal then this means that Allah was indeed a title given to the moon deity in pre-Islamic times!Whatever the scenario, the data leaves us with the inescapable conclusion that both the Ishmaelites and the Meccan Arabs did not worship YEHOVAH, falsifying the Quranic claim that Ishmael’s descendants worshiped the true God, albeit along with a host of other gods. It may have been the case that early in their history the Ishmaelites worshiped YEHOVAH, but later on they abandoned the true God for a false god.In conclusion, we need to emphasize that these facts remain: The Old Testament explicitly denies the Muslim assertion that the pre-Islamic Ishmaelites knew and worshiped the true God and that their only problem was that they associated other gods with him. The data conclusively shows that as the centuries unfolded the Ishmaelites forsook the God of their ancestors Abraham and Jacob, YEHOVAH Elohim, for the worship of some false god.
The false god whom they worshiped as the true God was none other than Baal. The data also shows that Hubal was the high god worshiped at Mecca, which supports the view that he was the Allah of pre-Islamic times.We started out with a quotation from the Psalms identifying the Ishmaelites as enemies of YEHOVAH God. Even though the thesis of this paper was argued on the basis of the assumption that the Meccans are Ishmaelites the conclusion does not depend on this assumption. Most of the quotations we have cited to support our argument do not mention Ishmaelites at all.The Biblical and historical evidence shows that the Moabites worshiped Baal. The pre-Islamic and Muslim sources show (
a) that the Meccans took over the idol Hubal from the Moabites and (
b) that
Allah and Hubal are actually identical. Thus, whether the Meccans are Ishmaelites or not,
the evidence is still strong and sufficient to conclude that Muhammad's Allah is actually Hubal, i.e. the Baal of the Moabites and thus not the God of the Bible. Muhammad incorporated the characteristics and names of various other gods into his new monotheistic message about Allah, but he apparently
started the construction of Allah with Hubal, the chief god of the Meccans.-- Edited by John D. Keyser.
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