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任正非：家人现在还用苹果手机 苹果的生态很好。（笑死人啦！）
- Thread starter kryonlight
- Start date
Gay Phone already dead and corpse cold.
He just light joss sticks to say a few nice words for the dead.
Poor Silicon Valley all fucked! Their shares slammed to toilet by Dotard!
https://news.sina.com.cn/c/zj/2019-05-21/doc-ihvhiqay0135764.shtml
美媒：特朗普对华为下禁令后 硅谷先要吃不消了
2019年05月21日 00:20 参考消息
0
原标题：对华为下禁令后，硅谷先要吃不消了……
图为美国知名芯片厂商高通在西班牙巴塞罗那世界移动通信大会上的展厅。新华社
5月20日，美国《华尔街日报》网站发出一则具有警示意味的报道——《美国限制向华为出口将殃及硅谷》。报道认为，美国针对面向华为的出口展开审查，这有可能扰乱华为与关键供应商的往来。美国硅谷可能也会受到冲击。
根据这家美国媒体的说法，多年来，华为与硅谷主流公司具有业务往来：从高通公司和博通采购智能手机芯片，从英特尔公司采购蜂窝塔组件，从甲骨文公司采购软件，还从美国各地一系列规模较小的科技公司采购其他零部件。
5月15日，美国商务部决定把华为及其多家关联公司列入一份“实体名单”。这一决定意味着，华为供应商要想继续向华为销售产品，就必须申请许可。
对芯片公司来说，这无疑是重大利空消息。分析认为，华为等中国企业是这些美国企业的重要客户。半导体产业、乃至整个科技产业的布局都相对超前，很多硅谷企业是按照华为等中国企业几年后的需求来规划生产线、产能及进行产品设计的。
中国现代国际关系研究院学者李峥对参考消息网表示，美国一旦对华为采取零部件出口禁运，对这些企业而言，在短时间内找到替代客户十分困难，很多生产线、产能可能会过剩，原本投入的生产线将难以满负荷运作，并造成很多新增库存。上述局面对于这些企业未来发展亦将构成影响。
有舆论认为，美国此举的全面影响要等到美国商务部公布完整清单后才能知晓，目前尚不清楚未来相关的许可程序会是什么样的形式。这类许可的审批可能需要几周，也可能是几个月，就连非美国企业想要把包含源自美国零部件的产品出售给华为，可能也必须申请许可。
李峥表示，美国虽然宣布将华为列为“实体名单”，但这一名单运作尚无细则。目前不排除美国政府给华为提供临时许可的可能性；对华为的限制名单、名录可能也不会像外界所担心的那样，即所有产品都列入其中。因此事件尚存回旋空间。
路透社近日就报道称，美国商务部5月17日表示，可能很快会缩减对华为公司的限制令。美国商务部发言人说，正在考虑颁发临时通用许可，以“避免妨碍现有网络运营和设备使用”。这一临时通用许可的潜在受益者，包括在人口稀少地区提供服务、近年来从华为公司购买了网络设备的怀俄明州和俄勒冈州东部的互联网以及移动服务提供商。
报道还指出，实际上，美国商务部将允许华为公司购买美国商品，以帮助其现有客户维持网络和设备的可靠性。
点击进入专题：
特朗普签署涉华为禁止令
责任编辑：余鹏飞
US media: Trump's ban on Huawei, Silicon Valley must not eat first
May 21, 2019 00:20 Reference message
0
Original title: After the ban on Huawei, Silicon Valley must not eat first...
The picture shows the exhibition hall of Qualcomm, a well-known American chip manufacturer, at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, Spain. Xinhua News Agency is the exhibition hall of Qualcomm, a well-known American chip manufacturer, at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, Spain. Xinhua News Agency
On May 20th, the US "Wall Street Journal" website issued a report with a warning sign - "The United States restricts exports to Huawei will be in Silicon Valley." The report believes that the United States is conducting a review of Huawei-oriented exports, which may disrupt Huawei's contacts with key suppliers. Silicon Valley in the United States may also be affected.
According to the US media, Huawei has had business relationships with mainstream Silicon Valley companies for many years: purchasing smartphone chips from Qualcomm and Broadcom, purchasing cellular tower components from Intel, purchasing software from Oracle, and a range of products from across the United States. Smaller technology companies source other parts.
On May 15, the US Department of Commerce decided to include Huawei and its affiliates in a “list of entities”. This decision means that Huawei suppliers must apply for a license if they want to continue selling products to Huawei.
For chip companies, this is undoubtedly a bad news. According to the analysis, Chinese companies such as Huawei are important customers of these US companies. The layout of the semiconductor industry and even the entire technology industry is relatively advanced. Many Silicon Valley companies plan production lines, production capacity and product design in accordance with the needs of Chinese companies such as Huawei.
Li Wei, a scholar at the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations, told the Information Network that once the United States adopts an embargo on parts export to Huawei, it is very difficult for these companies to find alternative customers in a short period of time. Many production lines and production capacity may be surplus. The original production line will be difficult to operate at full capacity and will result in a lot of new inventory. The above situation will also have an impact on the future development of these enterprises.
Some public opinion believes that the full impact of the US move will not be known until the US Department of Commerce publishes a complete list. It is not clear what form the relevant licensing process will be in the future. Approval of such licenses may take several weeks, or several months. Even non-US companies that want to sell products containing parts from the United States to Huawei may also need to apply for a license.
Li Wei said that although the United States has announced that Huawei is listed as a "list of entities," there is no detailed rule for the operation of this list. At present, the possibility of temporary licenses granted by Huawei to the US government is not ruled out; the list of restrictions and directories for Huawei may not be as worried as all outsiders, that is, all products are included. Therefore, there is still room for manoeuvre in the event.
Reuters recently reported that the US Department of Commerce said on May 17 that it may soon reduce restrictions on Huawei companies. A US Department of Commerce spokesperson said that a temporary universal license is being considered to "avoid obstructing existing network operations and equipment use." Potential beneficiaries of this temporary universal license include Internet and mobile service providers in Wyoming and Eastern Oregon, which have served in sparsely populated areas and purchased network equipment from Huawei in recent years.
The report also pointed out that in fact, the US Department of Commerce will allow Huawei to purchase US goods to help its existing customers maintain the reliability of the network and equipment.
Click to enter the topic:
Trump signs a ban on China
Editor in charge: Yu Pengfei
https://news.sina.com.cn/c/zj/2019-05-21/doc-ihvhiqay0135764.shtml
美媒：特朗普对华为下禁令后 硅谷先要吃不消了
2019年05月21日 00:20 参考消息
0
原标题：对华为下禁令后，硅谷先要吃不消了……
5月20日，美国《华尔街日报》网站发出一则具有警示意味的报道——《美国限制向华为出口将殃及硅谷》。报道认为，美国针对面向华为的出口展开审查，这有可能扰乱华为与关键供应商的往来。美国硅谷可能也会受到冲击。
根据这家美国媒体的说法，多年来，华为与硅谷主流公司具有业务往来：从高通公司和博通采购智能手机芯片，从英特尔公司采购蜂窝塔组件，从甲骨文公司采购软件，还从美国各地一系列规模较小的科技公司采购其他零部件。
5月15日，美国商务部决定把华为及其多家关联公司列入一份“实体名单”。这一决定意味着，华为供应商要想继续向华为销售产品，就必须申请许可。
对芯片公司来说，这无疑是重大利空消息。分析认为，华为等中国企业是这些美国企业的重要客户。半导体产业、乃至整个科技产业的布局都相对超前，很多硅谷企业是按照华为等中国企业几年后的需求来规划生产线、产能及进行产品设计的。
中国现代国际关系研究院学者李峥对参考消息网表示，美国一旦对华为采取零部件出口禁运，对这些企业而言，在短时间内找到替代客户十分困难，很多生产线、产能可能会过剩，原本投入的生产线将难以满负荷运作，并造成很多新增库存。上述局面对于这些企业未来发展亦将构成影响。
有舆论认为，美国此举的全面影响要等到美国商务部公布完整清单后才能知晓，目前尚不清楚未来相关的许可程序会是什么样的形式。这类许可的审批可能需要几周，也可能是几个月，就连非美国企业想要把包含源自美国零部件的产品出售给华为，可能也必须申请许可。
李峥表示，美国虽然宣布将华为列为“实体名单”，但这一名单运作尚无细则。目前不排除美国政府给华为提供临时许可的可能性；对华为的限制名单、名录可能也不会像外界所担心的那样，即所有产品都列入其中。因此事件尚存回旋空间。
路透社近日就报道称，美国商务部5月17日表示，可能很快会缩减对华为公司的限制令。美国商务部发言人说，正在考虑颁发临时通用许可，以“避免妨碍现有网络运营和设备使用”。这一临时通用许可的潜在受益者，包括在人口稀少地区提供服务、近年来从华为公司购买了网络设备的怀俄明州和俄勒冈州东部的互联网以及移动服务提供商。
报道还指出，实际上，美国商务部将允许华为公司购买美国商品，以帮助其现有客户维持网络和设备的可靠性。
点击进入专题：
特朗普签署涉华为禁止令
责任编辑：余鹏飞
US media: Trump's ban on Huawei, Silicon Valley must not eat first
May 21, 2019 00:20 Reference message
0
Original title: After the ban on Huawei, Silicon Valley must not eat first...
The picture shows the exhibition hall of Qualcomm, a well-known American chip manufacturer, at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, Spain. Xinhua News Agency is the exhibition hall of Qualcomm, a well-known American chip manufacturer, at the Mobile World Congress in Barcelona, Spain. Xinhua News Agency
On May 20th, the US "Wall Street Journal" website issued a report with a warning sign - "The United States restricts exports to Huawei will be in Silicon Valley." The report believes that the United States is conducting a review of Huawei-oriented exports, which may disrupt Huawei's contacts with key suppliers. Silicon Valley in the United States may also be affected.
According to the US media, Huawei has had business relationships with mainstream Silicon Valley companies for many years: purchasing smartphone chips from Qualcomm and Broadcom, purchasing cellular tower components from Intel, purchasing software from Oracle, and a range of products from across the United States. Smaller technology companies source other parts.
On May 15, the US Department of Commerce decided to include Huawei and its affiliates in a “list of entities”. This decision means that Huawei suppliers must apply for a license if they want to continue selling products to Huawei.
For chip companies, this is undoubtedly a bad news. According to the analysis, Chinese companies such as Huawei are important customers of these US companies. The layout of the semiconductor industry and even the entire technology industry is relatively advanced. Many Silicon Valley companies plan production lines, production capacity and product design in accordance with the needs of Chinese companies such as Huawei.
Li Wei, a scholar at the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations, told the Information Network that once the United States adopts an embargo on parts export to Huawei, it is very difficult for these companies to find alternative customers in a short period of time. Many production lines and production capacity may be surplus. The original production line will be difficult to operate at full capacity and will result in a lot of new inventory. The above situation will also have an impact on the future development of these enterprises.
Some public opinion believes that the full impact of the US move will not be known until the US Department of Commerce publishes a complete list. It is not clear what form the relevant licensing process will be in the future. Approval of such licenses may take several weeks, or several months. Even non-US companies that want to sell products containing parts from the United States to Huawei may also need to apply for a license.
Li Wei said that although the United States has announced that Huawei is listed as a "list of entities," there is no detailed rule for the operation of this list. At present, the possibility of temporary licenses granted by Huawei to the US government is not ruled out; the list of restrictions and directories for Huawei may not be as worried as all outsiders, that is, all products are included. Therefore, there is still room for manoeuvre in the event.
Reuters recently reported that the US Department of Commerce said on May 17 that it may soon reduce restrictions on Huawei companies. A US Department of Commerce spokesperson said that a temporary universal license is being considered to "avoid obstructing existing network operations and equipment use." Potential beneficiaries of this temporary universal license include Internet and mobile service providers in Wyoming and Eastern Oregon, which have served in sparsely populated areas and purchased network equipment from Huawei in recent years.
The report also pointed out that in fact, the US Department of Commerce will allow Huawei to purchase US goods to help its existing customers maintain the reliability of the network and equipment.
Click to enter the topic:
Trump signs a ban on China
Editor in charge: Yu Pengfei
Chinese navy have AUTO-PILOT to Land Aircraft on Warship in storm! USA also far behind Chinese Naval Technology Silicon Valley can fuck spider!
https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-05-21/doc-ihvhiqay0186523.shtml
055大驱机库旁一神秘装置 或改变舰载直升机起降方式
2019年05月21日 09:12 新浪军事
57
随着人民海军建军70周年海上阅兵的结束，我军新型055万吨导弹驱逐舰成为了万众瞩目的焦点，而更多的高清照随着各大媒体的报道而见诸报端。在一张某军事杂志刊登的055导弹驱逐舰的局部照片中，我们发现在机库边上有一个小小的圆盘雷达，这个位置为什么要装雷达呢？这是一种什么功能的雷达呢？
笔者推测，这是非常独特的舰载机精密进近控制雷达。这也是这种雷达第一次出现在我军驱护舰的直升机机库边，使得我军舰载直升机降落从传统的灯光引导升级为了雷达精密控制，甚至可能实现直升机的全自动降落。
图片：位于直升机库边上的小雷达，疑似舰载机精密进近控制雷达。
所谓精密进近雷达，是用来测定进近飞机位置的一种雷达。“进近”是航空术语，指飞机下降时对准跑道飞行的过程。精密进近雷达一般安装在跑道的一侧，面向进近飞机在20°扇区范围内发射左右扫描波束，同时在垂直平面的10°范围内发射上下扫描波束，作用距离为40？60千米。它向驾驶员提供飞机相对于跑道中心线的方位偏离、下滑偏离和对跑道入口的距离数据。
依靠精密进近雷达，在低能见度进近时，可以由控制人员通过话音通信指挥飞机进人和保持在适当的下滑路线上完成进近着陆，军用战机可以依靠数据链引导自动着陆。这种进近引导方法被称为“地面控制进近”，一般用于没有仪表着陆系统的机场。
图片：位于055导弹驱逐舰直升机库边的精密进近雷达。
过去，我们的驱护舰主要是使用着舰指示灯作为飞行员判断直升机与舰船相对位置的主要设备。我国海军拥有起降直升机能力的主力舰艇上一般都安装有直升机助降指示系统，这是由一系列灯光设备组成的助降系统，主要包括在舰艉机库上布置的横摇指示灯、在机库卷帘门一侧安装的起降信号灯和下滑指示器。
但是这些光学设备在恶劣天气下作用距离不足，难以满足舰载机的全天候使用，也极大地制约了舰载机的作战效能。因为对于舰载直升机来说，反潜作战是其主要任务，潜艇在水下受到恶劣天气的影响很小，如果舰载直升机不能够在恶劣天气起降作战，那么我军舰船综合反潜作战能力将大打折扣。
图片：054A导弹护卫舰的直升机光学助降装置。
图片：直升机光学助降装置示意图（“中外舰闻”绘制）。
这次首次出现在055导弹驱逐舰上的精密进近控制雷达，有效地提升舰载直升机在恶劣天气下的安全降落能力。我们可以参考美国AN/SPN-46（V）精密进近控制雷达，来了解一下这种独特的雷达的工作方式。
当直升机得到着舰许可后，将脱离待机航线，并进入驱逐舰后部的着陆航道，开始降速向直升机甲板飞去。由于这类雷达有自动引导着舰的功能，飞行员和着舰指挥官可以根据当时的天气情况选择着舰控制模式。着舰控制模式包括全自动、半自动和人工三种。
图片：美军航母上装备的AN/SPN-46（V）精密进近控制雷达。
全自动模式下，不需要飞行员对舰载机进行直接干预控制，而完全根据精密进近控制雷达提供的高精度跟踪信息，通过舰艇和飞机之间的数据链来控制直升机着陆。半自动模式下，直升机飞行员根据显示器或仪表上由精密进近雷达提供的信息操作飞机进行降落。人工模式下，飞行员根据着舰指挥官的语音通话进行修正下滑航线，直到能够目视观察到驱护舰上的助降灯信号为止。精密进近控制雷达的出现，不但提升了直-20舰载直升机在055驱逐舰上的使用安全性，还是未来使用先进舰载无人机的基础。美军新型的X-47B舰载无人机在航母上的降落，就是在联合精密进近着陆系统（JPALS）帮助下实现的。
对于全身都是新型装备的055大型导弹驱逐舰来说，一个小小的精密进近控制雷达似乎有点不起眼，但正是这些实实在在的微小进步，实现了整个055导弹驱逐舰的跨越发展。而事实上，精密进近雷达的装备的意义是非常重大的，可不仅仅是小小的进步！让我们为中国海军点赞！（作者署名：虹摄库尔斯克）
图片：中国海军新型无人直升机，未来大型无人直升机着舰就需要精密进近着陆系统的帮助。
https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-05-21/doc-ihvhiqay0186777.shtml
新浪军事 > 军事深度>正文
新闻
中国055大驱高清照曝光：这个小雷达位置奇特(图)
中国055大驱高清照曝光：这个小雷达位置奇特(图)
18
随着人民海军建军70周年海上阅兵的结束，我军新型055万吨导弹驱逐舰成为了万众瞩目的焦点，而更多的高清照随着各大媒体的报道而见诸报端。在一张某军事杂志刊登的055导弹驱逐舰的局部照片中，我们发现在机库边上有一个小小的圆盘雷达，这个位置为什么要装雷达呢？这是一种什么功能的雷达呢？
笔者推测，这是非常独特的舰载机精密进近控制雷达。这也是这种雷达第一次出现在我军驱护舰的直升机机库边，使得我军舰载直升机降落从传统的灯光引导升级为了雷达精密控制，甚至可能实现直升机的全自动降落。
图片：位于直升机库边上的小雷达，疑似舰载机精密进近控制雷达。
所谓精密进近雷达，是用来测定进近飞机位置的一种雷达。“进近”是航空术语，指飞机下降时对准跑道飞行的过程。精密进近雷达一般安装在跑道的一侧，面向进近飞机在20°扇区范围内发射左右扫描波束，同时在垂直平面的10°范围内发射上下扫描波束，作用距离为40？60千米。它向驾驶员提供飞机相对于跑道中心线的方位偏离、下滑偏离和对跑道入口的距离数据。
依靠精密进近雷达，在低能见度进近时，可以由控制人员通过话音通信指挥飞机进人和保持在适当的下滑路线上完成进近着陆，军用战机可以依靠数据链引导自动着陆。这种进近引导方法被称为“地面控制进近”，一般用于没有仪表着陆系统的机场。
图片：位于055导弹驱逐舰直升机库边的精密进近雷达。
过去，我们的驱护舰主要是使用着舰指示灯作为飞行员判断直升机与舰船相对位置的主要设备。我国海军拥有起降直升机能力的主力舰艇上一般都安装有直升机助降指示系统，这是由一系列灯光设备组成的助降系统，主要包括在舰艉机库上布置的横摇指示灯、在机库卷帘门一侧安装的起降信号灯和下滑指示器。
但是这些光学设备在恶劣天气下作用距离不足，难以满足舰载机的全天候使用，也极大地制约了舰载机的作战效能。因为对于舰载直升机来说，反潜作战是其主要任务，潜艇在水下受到恶劣天气的影响很小，如果舰载直升机不能够在恶劣天气起降作战，那么我军舰船综合反潜作战能力将大打折扣。
图片：054A导弹护卫舰的直升机光学助降装置。
图片：直升机光学助降装置示意图（“中外舰闻”绘制）。
这次首次出现在055导弹驱逐舰上的精密进近控制雷达，有效地提升舰载直升机在恶劣天气下的安全降落能力。我们可以参考美国AN/SPN-46（V）精密进近控制雷达，来了解一下这种独特的雷达的工作方式。
当直升机得到着舰许可后，将脱离待机航线，并进入驱逐舰后部的着陆航道，开始降速向直升机甲板飞去。由于这类雷达有自动引导着舰的功能，飞行员和着舰指挥官可以根据当时的天气情况选择着舰控制模式。着舰控制模式包括全自动、半自动和人工三种。
图片：美军航母上装备的AN/SPN-46（V）精密进近控制雷达。
全自动模式下，不需要飞行员对舰载机进行直接干预控制，而完全根据精密进近控制雷达提供的高精度跟踪信息，通过舰艇和飞机之间的数据链来控制直升机着陆。半自动模式下，直升机飞行员根据显示器或仪表上由精密进近雷达提供的信息操作飞机进行降落。人工模式下，飞行员根据着舰指挥官的语音通话进行修正下滑航线，直到能够目视观察到驱护舰上的助降灯信号为止。精密进近控制雷达的出现，不但提升了直-20舰载直升机在055驱逐舰上的使用安全性，还是未来使用先进舰载无人机的基础。美军新型的X-47B舰载无人机在航母上的降落，就是在联合精密进近着陆系统（JPALS）帮助下实现的。
对于全身都是新型装备的055大型导弹驱逐舰来说，一个小小的精密进近控制雷达似乎有点不起眼，但正是这些实实在在的微小进步，实现了整个055导弹驱逐舰的跨越发展。而事实上，精密进近雷达的装备的意义是非常重大的，可不仅仅是小小的进步！让我们为中国海军点赞！（作者署名：虹摄库尔斯克）
图片：中国海军新型无人直升机，未来大型无人直升机着舰就需要精密进近着陆系统的帮助。
Https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-05-21/doc-ihvhiqay0186523.shtml
A mysterious device next to the 055 drive hangar or change the way the helicopter takes off and land
May 21, 2019 09:12 Sina Military
57
With the end of the 70th anniversary of the People's Navy's military build, the new 5.55 million-ton missile destroyer of our army has become the focus of attention, and more high-definition photos have appeared in newspapers with reports from major media. In a partial photograph of the 055 guided missile destroyer published in a military magazine, we found a small disc radar on the side of the hangar. Why is this position equipped with radar? What kind of radar is this?
The author speculates that this is a very unique carrier-based precision approach control radar. This is also the first time this kind of radar appeared on the side of the helicopter hangar of our army's destroyer, which made our warship helicopter landing down from the traditional lighting guidance for radar precision control, and even possible automatic landing of the helicopter.
Photo: A small radar on the edge of the helicopter library, suspected of a carrier-based precision approach control radar. Photo: A small radar on the edge of the helicopter library, suspected of a carrier-based precision approach control radar.
The so-called precision approach radar is a type of radar used to measure the position of an approaching aircraft. “Approach” is an aviation term that refers to the process of aligning the runway as it descends. The precision approach radar is generally installed on one side of the runway, and the left and right scanning beams are emitted in the range of 20° for the approaching aircraft, and the upper and lower scanning beams are transmitted in the vertical plane of 10°, and the working distance is 40 to 60 kilometers. . It provides the driver with azimuth deviation, slip deviation, and distance to the runway entrance from the centerline of the runway.
By relying on precision approach radar, in the case of low visibility approach, the control personnel can command the aircraft to enter and maintain the approaching landing on the appropriate downhill route through voice communication. The military aircraft can rely on the data link to guide the automatic landing. This approach to approach guidance is known as "ground control approach" and is typically used at airports that do not have an instrument landing system.
Photo: Precision approach radar at the side of the 055 guided missile destroyer helicopter. Photo: Precision approach radar at the side of the 055 guided missile destroyer helicopter.
In the past, our destroyers used the ship's indicator light as the main equipment for pilots to determine the relative position of the helicopter and the ship. The main naval vessels of the Chinese Navy that have the ability to take off and land helicopters are generally equipped with a helicopter assisted descending indicating system. This is a descending system consisting of a series of lighting equipment, mainly including the rolling indicator light arranged on the hull hangar. A take-off and landing signal and a down indicator installed on one side of the hangar shutter door.
However, these optical devices have insufficient working distance in bad weather, which is difficult to meet the all-weather use of the carrier aircraft, and also greatly limits the operational effectiveness of the carrier aircraft. Because for submarine helicopters, anti-submarine warfare is its main task, the submarine is rarely affected by bad weather under water. If the ship-borne helicopter can't take off and land in bad weather, then our warship's comprehensive anti-submarine warfare capability will be Great discount.
Photo: Helicopter optical assist device for the 054A missile frigate. Photo: Helicopter optical assist device for the 054A missile frigate.
Photo: Schematic diagram of helicopter optical assisted descending device ("Chinese and foreign ship" painted). Photo: Schematic diagram of helicopter optical assisted descending device ("Chinese and foreign ship" painted).
The precision approach control radar, first appeared on the 055 guided missile destroyer, effectively improved the safe landing capability of ship-borne helicopters in inclement weather. We can refer to the US AN/SPN-46(V) Precision Approach Control Radar to find out how this unique radar works.
When the helicopter is approved by the ship, it will leave the standby route and enter the landing channel at the rear of the destroyer and begin to slow down to the helicopter deck. Because this type of radar has the function of automatically guiding the ship, the pilot and the landing commander can choose the ship control mode according to the weather conditions at that time. The landing control modes include fully automatic, semi-automatic and manual.
Photo: AN/SPN-46(V) Precision Approach Control Radar equipped on the US aircraft carrier. Photo: AN/SPN-46(V) Precision Approach Control Radar equipped on the US aircraft carrier.
In the fully automatic mode, the pilot does not need direct intervention control of the carrier aircraft, but the helicopter landing is controlled by the data link between the ship and the aircraft based on the high-precision tracking information provided by the precision approach control radar. In semi-automatic mode, the helicopter pilot operates the aircraft to land based on information provided by the precision approach radar on the display or instrument. In the manual mode, the pilot corrects the down course according to the voice call of the landing commander until the signal of the assisting light on the destroyer can be visually observed. The emergence of precision approach control radar not only improves the safety of the use of the direct-20 ship-borne helicopter on the 055 destroyer, but also the basis for the future use of advanced ship-borne drones. The landing of the US military's new X-47B carrier-based drone on the aircraft carrier was achieved with the help of the Joint Precision Approach Landing System (JPALS).
For the 055 large-scale guided missile destroyer, which is a new type of equipment, a small precision approach control radar seems a bit inconspicuous, but it is these tangible small progress that has achieved the leapfrog development of the entire 055 guided missile destroyer. In fact, the significance of the equipment of the precision approach radar is very significant, not just a small improvement! Let us praise the Chinese navy! (Author's signature: Rainbow Photo Kursk)
Photo: The Chinese Navy's new unmanned helicopters will require the help of a precision approach landing system for future large unmanned helicopters. Photo: The Chinese Navy's new unmanned helicopters will require the help of a precision approach landing system for future large unmanned helicopters.
Https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-05-21/doc-ihvhiqay0186777.shtml
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China 055 big drive HD exposure: this small radar location is strange (Figure)
China 055 big drive HD exposure: this small radar location is strange (Figure)
18
With the end of the 70th anniversary of the People's Navy's military build, the new 5.55 million-ton missile destroyer of our army has become the focus of attention, and more high-definition photos have appeared in newspapers with reports from major media. In a partial photograph of the 055 guided missile destroyer published in a military magazine, we found a small disc radar on the side of the hangar. Why is this position equipped with radar? What kind of radar is this?
The author speculates that this is a very unique carrier-based precision approach control radar. This is also the first time this kind of radar appeared on the side of the helicopter hangar of our army's destroyer, which made our warship helicopter landing down from the traditional lighting guidance for radar precision control, and even possible automatic landing of the helicopter.
Photo: A small radar on the edge of the helicopter library, suspected of a carrier-based precision approach control radar.
The so-called precision approach radar is a type of radar used to measure the position of an approaching aircraft. “Approach” is an aviation term that refers to the process of aligning the runway as it descends. The precision approach radar is generally installed on one side of the runway, and the left and right scanning beams are emitted in the range of 20° for the approaching aircraft, and the upper and lower scanning beams are transmitted in the vertical plane of 10°, and the working distance is 40 to 60 kilometers. . It provides the driver with azimuth deviation, slip deviation, and distance to the runway entrance from the centerline of the runway.
By relying on precision approach radar, in the case of low visibility approach, the control personnel can command the aircraft to enter and maintain the approaching landing on the appropriate downhill route through voice communication. The military aircraft can rely on the data link to guide the automatic landing. This approach to approach guidance is known as "ground control approach" and is typically used at airports that do not have an instrument landing system.
Photo: Precision approach radar at the side of the 055 guided missile destroyer helicopter.
In the past, our destroyers used the ship's indicator light as the main equipment for pilots to determine the relative position of the helicopter and the ship. The main naval vessels of the Chinese Navy that have the ability to take off and land helicopters are generally equipped with a helicopter assisted descending indicating system. This is a descending system consisting of a series of lighting equipment, mainly including the rolling indicator light arranged on the hull hangar. A take-off and landing signal and a down indicator installed on one side of the hangar shutter door.
However, these optical devices have insufficient working distance in bad weather, which is difficult to meet the all-weather use of the carrier aircraft, and also greatly limits the operational effectiveness of the carrier aircraft. Because for submarine helicopters, anti-submarine warfare is its main task, the submarine is rarely affected by bad weather under water. If the ship-borne helicopter can't take off and land in bad weather, then our warship's comprehensive anti-submarine warfare capability will be Great discount.
Photo: Helicopter optical assist device for the 054A missile frigate.
Photo: Schematic diagram of helicopter optical assisted descending device ("Chinese and foreign ship" painted).
The precision approach control radar, first appeared on the 055 guided missile destroyer, effectively improved the safe landing capability of ship-borne helicopters in inclement weather. We can refer to the US AN/SPN-46(V) Precision Approach Control Radar to find out how this unique radar works.
When the helicopter is approved by the ship, it will leave the standby route and enter the landing channel at the rear of the destroyer and begin to slow down to the helicopter deck. Because this type of radar has the function of automatically guiding the ship, the pilot and the landing commander can choose the ship control mode according to the weather conditions at that time. The landing control modes include fully automatic, semi-automatic and manual.
Photo: AN/SPN-46(V) Precision Approach Control Radar equipped on the US aircraft carrier.
In the fully automatic mode, the pilot does not need direct intervention control of the carrier aircraft, but the helicopter landing is controlled by the data link between the ship and the aircraft based on the high-precision tracking information provided by the precision approach control radar. In semi-automatic mode, the helicopter pilot operates the aircraft to land based on information provided by the precision approach radar on the display or instrument. In the manual mode, the pilot corrects the down course according to the voice call of the landing commander until the signal of the assisting light on the destroyer can be visually observed. The emergence of precision approach control radar not only improves the safety of the use of the direct-20 ship-borne helicopter on the 055 destroyer, but also the basis for the future use of advanced ship-borne drones. The landing of the US military's new X-47B carrier-based drone on the aircraft carrier was achieved with the help of the Joint Precision Approach Landing System (JPALS).
For the 055 large-scale guided missile destroyer, which is a new type of equipment, a small precision approach control radar seems a bit inconspicuous, but it is these tangible small progress that has achieved the leapfrog development of the entire 055 guided missile destroyer. In fact, the significance of the equipment of the precision approach radar is very significant, not just a small improvement! Let us praise the Chinese navy! (Author's signature: Rainbow Photo Kursk)
Photo: The Chinese Navy's new unmanned helicopters will require the help of a precision approach landing system for future large unmanned helicopters.
https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-05-21/doc-ihvhiqay0186523.shtml
055大驱机库旁一神秘装置 或改变舰载直升机起降方式
2019年05月21日 09:12 新浪军事
57
随着人民海军建军70周年海上阅兵的结束，我军新型055万吨导弹驱逐舰成为了万众瞩目的焦点，而更多的高清照随着各大媒体的报道而见诸报端。在一张某军事杂志刊登的055导弹驱逐舰的局部照片中，我们发现在机库边上有一个小小的圆盘雷达，这个位置为什么要装雷达呢？这是一种什么功能的雷达呢？
笔者推测，这是非常独特的舰载机精密进近控制雷达。这也是这种雷达第一次出现在我军驱护舰的直升机机库边，使得我军舰载直升机降落从传统的灯光引导升级为了雷达精密控制，甚至可能实现直升机的全自动降落。
所谓精密进近雷达，是用来测定进近飞机位置的一种雷达。“进近”是航空术语，指飞机下降时对准跑道飞行的过程。精密进近雷达一般安装在跑道的一侧，面向进近飞机在20°扇区范围内发射左右扫描波束，同时在垂直平面的10°范围内发射上下扫描波束，作用距离为40？60千米。它向驾驶员提供飞机相对于跑道中心线的方位偏离、下滑偏离和对跑道入口的距离数据。
依靠精密进近雷达，在低能见度进近时，可以由控制人员通过话音通信指挥飞机进人和保持在适当的下滑路线上完成进近着陆，军用战机可以依靠数据链引导自动着陆。这种进近引导方法被称为“地面控制进近”，一般用于没有仪表着陆系统的机场。
过去，我们的驱护舰主要是使用着舰指示灯作为飞行员判断直升机与舰船相对位置的主要设备。我国海军拥有起降直升机能力的主力舰艇上一般都安装有直升机助降指示系统，这是由一系列灯光设备组成的助降系统，主要包括在舰艉机库上布置的横摇指示灯、在机库卷帘门一侧安装的起降信号灯和下滑指示器。
但是这些光学设备在恶劣天气下作用距离不足，难以满足舰载机的全天候使用，也极大地制约了舰载机的作战效能。因为对于舰载直升机来说，反潜作战是其主要任务，潜艇在水下受到恶劣天气的影响很小，如果舰载直升机不能够在恶劣天气起降作战，那么我军舰船综合反潜作战能力将大打折扣。
这次首次出现在055导弹驱逐舰上的精密进近控制雷达，有效地提升舰载直升机在恶劣天气下的安全降落能力。我们可以参考美国AN/SPN-46（V）精密进近控制雷达，来了解一下这种独特的雷达的工作方式。
当直升机得到着舰许可后，将脱离待机航线，并进入驱逐舰后部的着陆航道，开始降速向直升机甲板飞去。由于这类雷达有自动引导着舰的功能，飞行员和着舰指挥官可以根据当时的天气情况选择着舰控制模式。着舰控制模式包括全自动、半自动和人工三种。
全自动模式下，不需要飞行员对舰载机进行直接干预控制，而完全根据精密进近控制雷达提供的高精度跟踪信息，通过舰艇和飞机之间的数据链来控制直升机着陆。半自动模式下，直升机飞行员根据显示器或仪表上由精密进近雷达提供的信息操作飞机进行降落。人工模式下，飞行员根据着舰指挥官的语音通话进行修正下滑航线，直到能够目视观察到驱护舰上的助降灯信号为止。精密进近控制雷达的出现，不但提升了直-20舰载直升机在055驱逐舰上的使用安全性，还是未来使用先进舰载无人机的基础。美军新型的X-47B舰载无人机在航母上的降落，就是在联合精密进近着陆系统（JPALS）帮助下实现的。
对于全身都是新型装备的055大型导弹驱逐舰来说，一个小小的精密进近控制雷达似乎有点不起眼，但正是这些实实在在的微小进步，实现了整个055导弹驱逐舰的跨越发展。而事实上，精密进近雷达的装备的意义是非常重大的，可不仅仅是小小的进步！让我们为中国海军点赞！（作者署名：虹摄库尔斯克）
https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-05-21/doc-ihvhiqay0186777.shtml
新浪军事 > 军事深度>正文
新闻
中国055大驱高清照曝光：这个小雷达位置奇特(图)
中国055大驱高清照曝光：这个小雷达位置奇特(图)
18
随着人民海军建军70周年海上阅兵的结束，我军新型055万吨导弹驱逐舰成为了万众瞩目的焦点，而更多的高清照随着各大媒体的报道而见诸报端。在一张某军事杂志刊登的055导弹驱逐舰的局部照片中，我们发现在机库边上有一个小小的圆盘雷达，这个位置为什么要装雷达呢？这是一种什么功能的雷达呢？
笔者推测，这是非常独特的舰载机精密进近控制雷达。这也是这种雷达第一次出现在我军驱护舰的直升机机库边，使得我军舰载直升机降落从传统的灯光引导升级为了雷达精密控制，甚至可能实现直升机的全自动降落。
图片：位于直升机库边上的小雷达，疑似舰载机精密进近控制雷达。
所谓精密进近雷达，是用来测定进近飞机位置的一种雷达。“进近”是航空术语，指飞机下降时对准跑道飞行的过程。精密进近雷达一般安装在跑道的一侧，面向进近飞机在20°扇区范围内发射左右扫描波束，同时在垂直平面的10°范围内发射上下扫描波束，作用距离为40？60千米。它向驾驶员提供飞机相对于跑道中心线的方位偏离、下滑偏离和对跑道入口的距离数据。
依靠精密进近雷达，在低能见度进近时，可以由控制人员通过话音通信指挥飞机进人和保持在适当的下滑路线上完成进近着陆，军用战机可以依靠数据链引导自动着陆。这种进近引导方法被称为“地面控制进近”，一般用于没有仪表着陆系统的机场。
图片：位于055导弹驱逐舰直升机库边的精密进近雷达。
过去，我们的驱护舰主要是使用着舰指示灯作为飞行员判断直升机与舰船相对位置的主要设备。我国海军拥有起降直升机能力的主力舰艇上一般都安装有直升机助降指示系统，这是由一系列灯光设备组成的助降系统，主要包括在舰艉机库上布置的横摇指示灯、在机库卷帘门一侧安装的起降信号灯和下滑指示器。
但是这些光学设备在恶劣天气下作用距离不足，难以满足舰载机的全天候使用，也极大地制约了舰载机的作战效能。因为对于舰载直升机来说，反潜作战是其主要任务，潜艇在水下受到恶劣天气的影响很小，如果舰载直升机不能够在恶劣天气起降作战，那么我军舰船综合反潜作战能力将大打折扣。
图片：054A导弹护卫舰的直升机光学助降装置。
图片：直升机光学助降装置示意图（“中外舰闻”绘制）。
这次首次出现在055导弹驱逐舰上的精密进近控制雷达，有效地提升舰载直升机在恶劣天气下的安全降落能力。我们可以参考美国AN/SPN-46（V）精密进近控制雷达，来了解一下这种独特的雷达的工作方式。
当直升机得到着舰许可后，将脱离待机航线，并进入驱逐舰后部的着陆航道，开始降速向直升机甲板飞去。由于这类雷达有自动引导着舰的功能，飞行员和着舰指挥官可以根据当时的天气情况选择着舰控制模式。着舰控制模式包括全自动、半自动和人工三种。
图片：美军航母上装备的AN/SPN-46（V）精密进近控制雷达。
全自动模式下，不需要飞行员对舰载机进行直接干预控制，而完全根据精密进近控制雷达提供的高精度跟踪信息，通过舰艇和飞机之间的数据链来控制直升机着陆。半自动模式下，直升机飞行员根据显示器或仪表上由精密进近雷达提供的信息操作飞机进行降落。人工模式下，飞行员根据着舰指挥官的语音通话进行修正下滑航线，直到能够目视观察到驱护舰上的助降灯信号为止。精密进近控制雷达的出现，不但提升了直-20舰载直升机在055驱逐舰上的使用安全性，还是未来使用先进舰载无人机的基础。美军新型的X-47B舰载无人机在航母上的降落，就是在联合精密进近着陆系统（JPALS）帮助下实现的。
对于全身都是新型装备的055大型导弹驱逐舰来说，一个小小的精密进近控制雷达似乎有点不起眼，但正是这些实实在在的微小进步，实现了整个055导弹驱逐舰的跨越发展。而事实上，精密进近雷达的装备的意义是非常重大的，可不仅仅是小小的进步！让我们为中国海军点赞！（作者署名：虹摄库尔斯克）
图片：中国海军新型无人直升机，未来大型无人直升机着舰就需要精密进近着陆系统的帮助。
Https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-05-21/doc-ihvhiqay0186523.shtml
A mysterious device next to the 055 drive hangar or change the way the helicopter takes off and land
May 21, 2019 09:12 Sina Military
57
With the end of the 70th anniversary of the People's Navy's military build, the new 5.55 million-ton missile destroyer of our army has become the focus of attention, and more high-definition photos have appeared in newspapers with reports from major media. In a partial photograph of the 055 guided missile destroyer published in a military magazine, we found a small disc radar on the side of the hangar. Why is this position equipped with radar? What kind of radar is this?
The author speculates that this is a very unique carrier-based precision approach control radar. This is also the first time this kind of radar appeared on the side of the helicopter hangar of our army's destroyer, which made our warship helicopter landing down from the traditional lighting guidance for radar precision control, and even possible automatic landing of the helicopter.
Photo: A small radar on the edge of the helicopter library, suspected of a carrier-based precision approach control radar. Photo: A small radar on the edge of the helicopter library, suspected of a carrier-based precision approach control radar.
The so-called precision approach radar is a type of radar used to measure the position of an approaching aircraft. “Approach” is an aviation term that refers to the process of aligning the runway as it descends. The precision approach radar is generally installed on one side of the runway, and the left and right scanning beams are emitted in the range of 20° for the approaching aircraft, and the upper and lower scanning beams are transmitted in the vertical plane of 10°, and the working distance is 40 to 60 kilometers. . It provides the driver with azimuth deviation, slip deviation, and distance to the runway entrance from the centerline of the runway.
By relying on precision approach radar, in the case of low visibility approach, the control personnel can command the aircraft to enter and maintain the approaching landing on the appropriate downhill route through voice communication. The military aircraft can rely on the data link to guide the automatic landing. This approach to approach guidance is known as "ground control approach" and is typically used at airports that do not have an instrument landing system.
Photo: Precision approach radar at the side of the 055 guided missile destroyer helicopter. Photo: Precision approach radar at the side of the 055 guided missile destroyer helicopter.
In the past, our destroyers used the ship's indicator light as the main equipment for pilots to determine the relative position of the helicopter and the ship. The main naval vessels of the Chinese Navy that have the ability to take off and land helicopters are generally equipped with a helicopter assisted descending indicating system. This is a descending system consisting of a series of lighting equipment, mainly including the rolling indicator light arranged on the hull hangar. A take-off and landing signal and a down indicator installed on one side of the hangar shutter door.
However, these optical devices have insufficient working distance in bad weather, which is difficult to meet the all-weather use of the carrier aircraft, and also greatly limits the operational effectiveness of the carrier aircraft. Because for submarine helicopters, anti-submarine warfare is its main task, the submarine is rarely affected by bad weather under water. If the ship-borne helicopter can't take off and land in bad weather, then our warship's comprehensive anti-submarine warfare capability will be Great discount.
Photo: Helicopter optical assist device for the 054A missile frigate. Photo: Helicopter optical assist device for the 054A missile frigate.
Photo: Schematic diagram of helicopter optical assisted descending device ("Chinese and foreign ship" painted). Photo: Schematic diagram of helicopter optical assisted descending device ("Chinese and foreign ship" painted).
The precision approach control radar, first appeared on the 055 guided missile destroyer, effectively improved the safe landing capability of ship-borne helicopters in inclement weather. We can refer to the US AN/SPN-46(V) Precision Approach Control Radar to find out how this unique radar works.
When the helicopter is approved by the ship, it will leave the standby route and enter the landing channel at the rear of the destroyer and begin to slow down to the helicopter deck. Because this type of radar has the function of automatically guiding the ship, the pilot and the landing commander can choose the ship control mode according to the weather conditions at that time. The landing control modes include fully automatic, semi-automatic and manual.
Photo: AN/SPN-46(V) Precision Approach Control Radar equipped on the US aircraft carrier. Photo: AN/SPN-46(V) Precision Approach Control Radar equipped on the US aircraft carrier.
In the fully automatic mode, the pilot does not need direct intervention control of the carrier aircraft, but the helicopter landing is controlled by the data link between the ship and the aircraft based on the high-precision tracking information provided by the precision approach control radar. In semi-automatic mode, the helicopter pilot operates the aircraft to land based on information provided by the precision approach radar on the display or instrument. In the manual mode, the pilot corrects the down course according to the voice call of the landing commander until the signal of the assisting light on the destroyer can be visually observed. The emergence of precision approach control radar not only improves the safety of the use of the direct-20 ship-borne helicopter on the 055 destroyer, but also the basis for the future use of advanced ship-borne drones. The landing of the US military's new X-47B carrier-based drone on the aircraft carrier was achieved with the help of the Joint Precision Approach Landing System (JPALS).
For the 055 large-scale guided missile destroyer, which is a new type of equipment, a small precision approach control radar seems a bit inconspicuous, but it is these tangible small progress that has achieved the leapfrog development of the entire 055 guided missile destroyer. In fact, the significance of the equipment of the precision approach radar is very significant, not just a small improvement! Let us praise the Chinese navy! (Author's signature: Rainbow Photo Kursk)
Photo: The Chinese Navy's new unmanned helicopters will require the help of a precision approach landing system for future large unmanned helicopters. Photo: The Chinese Navy's new unmanned helicopters will require the help of a precision approach landing system for future large unmanned helicopters.
Https://mil.news.sina.com.cn/jssd/2019-05-21/doc-ihvhiqay0186777.shtml
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China 055 big drive HD exposure: this small radar location is strange (Figure)
China 055 big drive HD exposure: this small radar location is strange (Figure)
18
With the end of the 70th anniversary of the People's Navy's military build, the new 5.55 million-ton missile destroyer of our army has become the focus of attention, and more high-definition photos have appeared in newspapers with reports from major media. In a partial photograph of the 055 guided missile destroyer published in a military magazine, we found a small disc radar on the side of the hangar. Why is this position equipped with radar? What kind of radar is this?
The author speculates that this is a very unique carrier-based precision approach control radar. This is also the first time this kind of radar appeared on the side of the helicopter hangar of our army's destroyer, which made our warship helicopter landing down from the traditional lighting guidance for radar precision control, and even possible automatic landing of the helicopter.
Photo: A small radar on the edge of the helicopter library, suspected of a carrier-based precision approach control radar.
The so-called precision approach radar is a type of radar used to measure the position of an approaching aircraft. “Approach” is an aviation term that refers to the process of aligning the runway as it descends. The precision approach radar is generally installed on one side of the runway, and the left and right scanning beams are emitted in the range of 20° for the approaching aircraft, and the upper and lower scanning beams are transmitted in the vertical plane of 10°, and the working distance is 40 to 60 kilometers. . It provides the driver with azimuth deviation, slip deviation, and distance to the runway entrance from the centerline of the runway.
By relying on precision approach radar, in the case of low visibility approach, the control personnel can command the aircraft to enter and maintain the approaching landing on the appropriate downhill route through voice communication. The military aircraft can rely on the data link to guide the automatic landing. This approach to approach guidance is known as "ground control approach" and is typically used at airports that do not have an instrument landing system.
Photo: Precision approach radar at the side of the 055 guided missile destroyer helicopter.
In the past, our destroyers used the ship's indicator light as the main equipment for pilots to determine the relative position of the helicopter and the ship. The main naval vessels of the Chinese Navy that have the ability to take off and land helicopters are generally equipped with a helicopter assisted descending indicating system. This is a descending system consisting of a series of lighting equipment, mainly including the rolling indicator light arranged on the hull hangar. A take-off and landing signal and a down indicator installed on one side of the hangar shutter door.
However, these optical devices have insufficient working distance in bad weather, which is difficult to meet the all-weather use of the carrier aircraft, and also greatly limits the operational effectiveness of the carrier aircraft. Because for submarine helicopters, anti-submarine warfare is its main task, the submarine is rarely affected by bad weather under water. If the ship-borne helicopter can't take off and land in bad weather, then our warship's comprehensive anti-submarine warfare capability will be Great discount.
Photo: Helicopter optical assist device for the 054A missile frigate.
Photo: Schematic diagram of helicopter optical assisted descending device ("Chinese and foreign ship" painted).
The precision approach control radar, first appeared on the 055 guided missile destroyer, effectively improved the safe landing capability of ship-borne helicopters in inclement weather. We can refer to the US AN/SPN-46(V) Precision Approach Control Radar to find out how this unique radar works.
When the helicopter is approved by the ship, it will leave the standby route and enter the landing channel at the rear of the destroyer and begin to slow down to the helicopter deck. Because this type of radar has the function of automatically guiding the ship, the pilot and the landing commander can choose the ship control mode according to the weather conditions at that time. The landing control modes include fully automatic, semi-automatic and manual.
Photo: AN/SPN-46(V) Precision Approach Control Radar equipped on the US aircraft carrier.
In the fully automatic mode, the pilot does not need direct intervention control of the carrier aircraft, but the helicopter landing is controlled by the data link between the ship and the aircraft based on the high-precision tracking information provided by the precision approach control radar. In semi-automatic mode, the helicopter pilot operates the aircraft to land based on information provided by the precision approach radar on the display or instrument. In the manual mode, the pilot corrects the down course according to the voice call of the landing commander until the signal of the assisting light on the destroyer can be visually observed. The emergence of precision approach control radar not only improves the safety of the use of the direct-20 ship-borne helicopter on the 055 destroyer, but also the basis for the future use of advanced ship-borne drones. The landing of the US military's new X-47B carrier-based drone on the aircraft carrier was achieved with the help of the Joint Precision Approach Landing System (JPALS).
For the 055 large-scale guided missile destroyer, which is a new type of equipment, a small precision approach control radar seems a bit inconspicuous, but it is these tangible small progress that has achieved the leapfrog development of the entire 055 guided missile destroyer. In fact, the significance of the equipment of the precision approach radar is very significant, not just a small improvement! Let us praise the Chinese navy! (Author's signature: Rainbow Photo Kursk)
Photo: The Chinese Navy's new unmanned helicopters will require the help of a precision approach landing system for future large unmanned helicopters.
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