Discover 60 extreme points of Earth

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Lowest artificial point underwater​

The lowest artificial point underwater is the 10,685 m- (35,056 ft-) deep oil and gas well drilled on the Tiber Oil Field in the Gulf of Mexico. The Tiber Oil Field was drilled in 2009 by the oil rig Deepwater Horizon, later destroyed as a result of an explosion.

 

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Lowest artificial point underground​

The lowest artificial point underground ever reached was 12,262 m (40, 230 ft) deep at the Kola Superdeep Borehole, drilled during the Soviet era. Pictured is the Kola Superdeep Borehole, commemorated on a 1987 USSR stamp.

 

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Lowest artificial point underground​

The lowest artificial point underground is 3,900 m (12,800 ft) below ground at the TauTona Mine in Carletonville (pictured), South Africa.

 

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Lowest (from sea level) artificially made point with open sky​

The Hambach surface mine in Germany is probably the lowest (from sea level) artificially made point with open sky, which reaches a depth of 293 m (961 ft) below seal level.

 

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Lowest (from surface) artificially made point with open sky​

The lowest (from surface) artificially made point with open sky may be the Bighman canyon open-pit mine in Salt Lake City, which plunges to a depth of 1,200 m (3,900 ft) below surface level.

 

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Highest helipad in the world​

The highest helipad is Sonam, located on the Siachen Glacier (pictured) in India. Pilots land at a height of 6,400 m (20,997 ft) above sea level.

 

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Lowest airfield​

Located at 378 m (1,240 ft) below mean sea level, Bar Yehuda Airfield, near Masada, in Israel, is the lowest airfield in the world.

 

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Highest commercial airport in the world​

At 4,411m (14,472 ft), Daocheng Yading Airport in Sichuan, China is the highest commercial airport in the world.

 

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Lowest commercial airport​

Atyrau Airport, near Atyrau, Kazakhstan, is the lowest commercial airport, at 22 m (72 ft) below sea level, in the Caspian Sea basin.

 

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Most remote airport in the world​

The most remote airport in the world (defined as distance to another airport) is Mataveri International Airport on Easter Island.

 

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Most remote inhabited island​

Easter Island is considered the most remote inhabited island; the nearest continental point lies in central Chile, 3,512 km (2,182 mi) away.

 

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Most remote island​

Bouvet Island, a small, uninhabited island in the South Atlantic Ocean that is a dependency of Norway, is considered the most remote island in the world. The nearest landmass is Antarctica, over 1,600 km (994 mi) to the south.

 

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The highest island is one of a number of islands in the Orba Co, a lake in Tibet that's set at an elevation of 5,209 m (17,090 ft).

 

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Southernmost island in the world​

The southernmost island in the world is Berkner Island, an Antarctic ice rise.

 

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Most remote inhabited archipelago​

The most remote inhabited archipelago is Tristan da Cunha, which lies 2,432 km (1,511 mi) off the coast of South Africa.

 

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Highest permanent human settlement​

La Rinconada is situated 5,100 m (16,732 ft) above sea level in the Peruvian Andes, making the town the highest permanent human settlement in the world.

 

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Coldest inhabited place​

The coldest inhabited place on the planet is considered to be Oymyakon in Russia. It has has the coldest monthly mean, with −46.4 °C (−51.5 °F) the average temperature in January, the coldest month.

 

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Hottest inhabited place​

Dallol, in Ethiopia, is the world's hottest inhabited place. An average annual temperature of 35°C (95°F) was recorded between 1960 and 1966.

 

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Most extreme ground temperature​

A ground temperature of 93.9 °C (201 °F) was recorded in Furnace Creek in California's Death Valley on July 15, 1972; this may be the highest natural ground surface temperature ever recorded.

 

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Deepest mine below sea level​

The Kidd Mine in Ontario, Canada is 2,733 m (8,967 ft) below sea level—the deepest accessible non-marine point on earth. It is also the world's deepest copper-zinc mine.