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马来西亚发现了新冠病毒新突变种，会让现有疫苗研究失效吗？
2020-08-17 12:26
【印度】可怕！印度研究人员发现73个新冠病毒毒株新型变种
出品 | 搜狐健康
作者 | 周亦川
编辑 | 袁月
《联合早报》8月16日消息，马来西亚医药研究机构初步检测证实，吉打州“印度西瓦甘加（Sivagangga）”感染群和柔佛州乌鲁地南感染群出现拥有强10倍感染力的D614G突变新冠病毒，也是马来西亚首次出现突变的新冠病毒。
马来西亚卫生专家诺希山表示，研究发现D614G突变拥有10倍更强的感染力，如果是经由“超级传播者”散播出去，更容易传染人。他警告称，这也意味着社会需要更加的警惕和谨慎，科学家是在今年7月发现到D614G突变冠病毒株，这可能导致现有的疫苗研究对这次突变无效。
D614G是一种新的病毒株吗？
7月3日，针对有实验室研究发现新冠病毒D614G变异可能导致病毒加速复制和加强其传播性，世卫组织官员表示：研究显示29%的新冠病毒样本都出现了该变异；这不是新的变异，带有该变异的病毒已在欧洲及美洲传播；但目前并无证据显示其会导致更严重的病情。
8月初，日本也报告出现了D614G变异新冠病毒，包括G614变异，导致感染病例数快速上升。
D614G突变会导致病毒传播加速吗？
世卫组织首席科学家Soumya Swaminathan表示，实验室研究发现，新冠病毒D614G突变可导致病毒加速复制和传播， 病毒繁殖速度更快，传播性也就越强。但是，从实验室结果到了解病毒对流行病的影响，可能需要很长的时间。“病毒正在发生变异，这在预期之内。D614G突变能够促使病毒更快繁殖，这一结果是在实验室研究得出的。”
7月3日《细胞》杂志发布的一项研究指出，在英国的COVID-19病例中发现感染G614突变体病毒的患者病毒RNA水平较高，但在住院结果上没有发现差异。有学者提出D614G突变和疾病死亡率有强相关性，但仍停留在统计学的关联分析。
首先，不能单用病毒RNA载量来衡量疾病严重程度，无症状感染者中也存在高滴度病毒，并且以上分析均为关联统计学分析，无明确证据。同时，目前的证据提示，D614G对COVID-19的重要性低于其他风险因素，如年龄或其他基础疾病。因此，目前证据无法证实D614G突变病毒株的毒性更强。
D614G突变会导致核酸检测失效吗？会导致现在正在研发的疫苗失效吗？
上海华山医院感染科主任张文宏在公众号“华山感染”发布文章指出，核酸检测上目前推荐选用针对新型冠状病毒的开放读码框1ab（open reading frame,ORF1ab）、核壳蛋白（nucleoprotein，N）基因区域的引物和探针。根据世卫组织指南，2019-nCoV引物和探针组设计中N3用于通用检测SARS样冠状病毒，N1和N2用于特异性检测SARS-CoV-2，因此 D614G突变不影响病毒的核酸检测。
刺突蛋白的受体结合区域(RBD)是目前许多疫苗和疗法所重点针对的目标，D614G并不位于RBD区域。同时，自然感染含有D614或G614的病毒产生的抗体可以交叉中和，因此目前来看， D614G突变不太可能对目前正在研制的疫苗的疗效产生重大影响。
另外，目前没有证据表明D614G突变会干扰治疗策略，如设计破坏与ACE2的spike结合的单克隆抗体的药物。然而，在我们更好地理解D614G在自然感染SARS-CoV-2中的作用之前，任何疫苗或治疗设计都应该考虑到该突变的存在和可能的影响。
在新冠病毒的突变中，D614G突变的病毒株由于其的传播及潜在功能“脱颖而出”，然而病毒株持续在变异，目前尚无充分证据证明D614G突变的病毒株的感染性，毒性有加强，尚未观测到对疫苗和检测的重要影响，后续需要更多实验验证和监测变异的现象。
马来西亚将怎么预防新型突变病毒感染？
马来西亚卫生专家诺希山说，我们现在的首要行动仍是采取预防措施和控制公共卫生，即有纪律的遵守标准作业程序，包括保持人身距离、高度维持个人卫生（尤其是用水和肥皂洗手），以及在公共场所、拥挤和封闭的地方戴口罩、聊天时拉开距离。目前马来西亚疫情仍受控制，卫生部和其他机构也在继续努力遏制冠病的传播，这非常需要整个社会的合作，以便能够一同阻断任何突变类型的病毒传播。
新冠病毒的D614G突变在欧美国家早已出现，今年夏季在中国、日本等国家也已经出现。这种突变真的会导致现在研发中的疫苗无效吗？至少欧美国家和中国的疫苗研发进程并没有被这种新的病毒突变所打断。
您认为呢？
参考资料：
1. Cell
Tracking Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence that D614G Increases Infectivity of the COVID-19 Virus
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092867420308205
https://www.sohu.com/a/413485796_21...spm=smpc.content.fd-d.63.1597678175313ZLVEtIp
警惕！多国发现新冠病毒变异毒株，传播速度快10倍！或致疫苗失效
2020-08-17 12:10
美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学最新统计数据显示，截至北京时间8月16日20时27分，全球新冠确诊病例累计超2148万例，累计死亡逾77.1万例，全球单日新增近30万新冠病例。
而今天早上
一个话题冲上了微博热搜
▼
近期，多国通报发现新冠病毒发生了变异。印度发现了73个新冠病毒毒株的新变种。马来西亚变异毒株传播速度可能比一般毒株快10倍。
马来西亚：
发现传播速度快10倍变异毒株
马来西亚卫生部总监努尔16日在其社交媒体上发文指出，根据马来西亚医学机构研究，在该国现有新冠肺炎确诊病例中确认了4例D614G变异毒株。 这一变异毒株传播速度可能比一般毒株快10倍。
努尔介绍，这4例患者分属两个感染群，马来西亚卫生部门已采取措施控制住这两个感染群的传播。目前，马来西亚卫生部门还在检测是否有更多变异毒株病例。
他提醒马来西亚民众， 这一毒株传播速度较快，这意味着更容易出现“超级传播者”，因此民众需要“提高警惕，更加小心”，继续坚持良好卫生习惯并保持社交距离。
努尔还提醒，由科学家发现于今年7月的此种毒株 可能导致目前正在研究中的疫苗无法发挥效果。
印度：
发现了73个新冠病毒毒株的新变种
印度报业托拉斯15日报道，印度东部奥里萨邦的研究团队对1536个样本进行了测序， 最终首次在印度报告了两个新的病毒谱系，发现了73个新冠病毒毒株的新变种。
据报道，做出这一研究结果的团队来自新德里的基因组与整合生物学研究所（CSIR-IGIB）以及奥里萨邦首府布巴内什瓦尔的医学研究所和SUM医院。
该研究团队的首席研究员达斯博士（Dr. Jayashankar Das）表示，了解新冠病毒的详细特征对于治愈新冠肺炎患者很有帮助。 这项研究将有助于了解新冠毒株的脆弱性，以及印度东部，尤其是奥里萨邦的病毒变异动态。
截至当地时间15日，奥里萨邦共确诊新冠肺炎病例54630例，其中死亡324例。
综合 | 央视新闻 中国新闻网 每日经济新闻 环球时报
晶报编辑 | 罗婉
往期“晶”选
https://www.sohu.com/a/413486771_ 104952?scm=1002.44003c.17c024e.PC_ ARTICLE_ REC&spm= smpc.content.fd -d.57.1597678175313ZLVEtIp
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Will the discovery of new coronavirus mutants in Malaysia invalidate existing vaccine research?
2020-08-17 12:26
[India] terrible! Indian researchers found 73 new coronavirus strains and new variants
Sohu Health
Author Zhou Yichuan
Editor yuan Yue
According to the news from Lianhe Zaobao on August 16, preliminary tests by Malaysian medical research institutions have confirmed that a new coronavirus with a mutation of d614g with a strong infectivity of 10 times has been found in the "Sivaganga" infection group in Kedah Prefecture and the new coronavirus with mutation of d614g in Johor state.
The study found that d614g mutation has 10 times stronger infectivity, and it is more likely to infect people if it is spread through "super communicators", according to health expert nohishan of Malaysia. He warned that this also means that the society needs to be more vigilant and cautious. Scientists found the d614g mutation coronavirus strain in July this year, which may lead to the existing vaccine research invalid for this mutation.
Is d614g a new virus strain?
On July 3, a laboratory study found that the d614g mutation of the new coronavirus may lead to accelerated replication and enhanced transmission of the virus, who officials said: the study showed that 29% of the samples of the new coronavirus had the mutation; this is not a new mutation, the virus with the mutation has spread in Europe and America; however, there is no evidence that it will lead to a more serious disease.
In early August, Japan also reported a new coronavirus with d614g mutation, including g614 mutation, leading to a rapid increase in the number of infection cases.
Can d614g mutation accelerate virus transmission?
Soumya Swaminathan, who's chief scientist, said laboratory studies have found that d614g mutation of the new coronavirus can accelerate the replication and spread of the virus, and the faster the virus propagates, the stronger the transmissibility. However, it can take a long time from laboratory results to understanding the impact of the virus on epidemics. "The virus is mutating, as expected. D614g mutation can promote the virus to reproduce faster, which is the result of laboratory research
A study published in the journal Cell on July 3 found that patients infected with the g614 mutant virus had higher levels of viral RNA in covid-19 cases in the UK, but there was no difference in hospital outcomes. Some scholars have proposed that d614g mutation has a strong correlation with disease mortality, but still stay in the statistical correlation analysis.
First of all, viral RNA load can not be used to measure the severity of the disease. High titers of virus also exist in asymptomatic infected patients, and the above analysis is related statistical analysis, without clear evidence. At the same time, current evidence suggests that d614g is less important for covid-19 than other risk factors, such as age or other underlying diseases. Therefore, the current evidence can not confirm that d614g mutation is more virulent.
Can d614g mutation lead to failure of nucleic acid detection? Will the vaccine currently being developed fail?
Novel coronavirus is now recommended for primers and probes for the open reading frame 1ab (open reading frame, ORF1ab) and core shell protein (nucleoprotein, N) gene regions, Zhang Wenhong, director of the infectious disease department of Shanghai Huashan Hospital, published in the official account of "Huashan infection". According to WHO guidelines, N3 is used for universal detection of SARS like coronavirus, and N1 and N2 are used for specific detection of sars-cov-2. Therefore, d614g mutation does not affect the nucleic acid detection of the virus.
The receptor binding region (RBD) of spinin is the target of many vaccines and therapies. D614g is not located in RBD region. At the same time, antibodies produced by naturally infected viruses containing d614 or g614 can be cross neutralized. Therefore, d614g mutation is unlikely to have a significant impact on the efficacy of vaccines currently being developed.
In addition, there is no evidence that d614g mutations interfere with therapeutic strategies, such as designing drugs that destroy monoclonal antibodies that bind to the spike of ACE2. However, before we can better understand the role of d614g in the natural infection of sars-cov-2, any vaccine or treatment design should consider the existence and possible impact of the mutation.
Among the new coronavirus mutations, d614g mutation virus strain "stands out" because of its transmission and potential function. However, the virus strain continues to mutate. At present, there is no sufficient evidence to prove the infectivity and toxicity of d614g mutant virus strain, and no significant impact on vaccine and detection has been observed. More experiments are needed to verify and monitor the mutation phenomenon in the future.
How will Malaysia prevent it
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马来西亚发现了新冠病毒新突变种，会让现有疫苗研究失效吗？
2020-08-17 12:26
【印度】可怕！印度研究人员发现73个新冠病毒毒株新型变种
出品 | 搜狐健康
作者 | 周亦川
编辑 | 袁月
《联合早报》8月16日消息，马来西亚医药研究机构初步检测证实，吉打州“印度西瓦甘加（Sivagangga）”感染群和柔佛州乌鲁地南感染群出现拥有强10倍感染力的D614G突变新冠病毒，也是马来西亚首次出现突变的新冠病毒。
马来西亚卫生专家诺希山表示，研究发现D614G突变拥有10倍更强的感染力，如果是经由“超级传播者”散播出去，更容易传染人。他警告称，这也意味着社会需要更加的警惕和谨慎，科学家是在今年7月发现到D614G突变冠病毒株，这可能导致现有的疫苗研究对这次突变无效。
D614G是一种新的病毒株吗？
7月3日，针对有实验室研究发现新冠病毒D614G变异可能导致病毒加速复制和加强其传播性，世卫组织官员表示：研究显示29%的新冠病毒样本都出现了该变异；这不是新的变异，带有该变异的病毒已在欧洲及美洲传播；但目前并无证据显示其会导致更严重的病情。
8月初，日本也报告出现了D614G变异新冠病毒，包括G614变异，导致感染病例数快速上升。
D614G突变会导致病毒传播加速吗？
世卫组织首席科学家Soumya Swaminathan表示，实验室研究发现，新冠病毒D614G突变可导致病毒加速复制和传播， 病毒繁殖速度更快，传播性也就越强。但是，从实验室结果到了解病毒对流行病的影响，可能需要很长的时间。“病毒正在发生变异，这在预期之内。D614G突变能够促使病毒更快繁殖，这一结果是在实验室研究得出的。”
7月3日《细胞》杂志发布的一项研究指出，在英国的COVID-19病例中发现感染G614突变体病毒的患者病毒RNA水平较高，但在住院结果上没有发现差异。有学者提出D614G突变和疾病死亡率有强相关性，但仍停留在统计学的关联分析。
首先，不能单用病毒RNA载量来衡量疾病严重程度，无症状感染者中也存在高滴度病毒，并且以上分析均为关联统计学分析，无明确证据。同时，目前的证据提示，D614G对COVID-19的重要性低于其他风险因素，如年龄或其他基础疾病。因此，目前证据无法证实D614G突变病毒株的毒性更强。
D614G突变会导致核酸检测失效吗？会导致现在正在研发的疫苗失效吗？
上海华山医院感染科主任张文宏在公众号“华山感染”发布文章指出，核酸检测上目前推荐选用针对新型冠状病毒的开放读码框1ab（open reading frame,ORF1ab）、核壳蛋白（nucleoprotein，N）基因区域的引物和探针。根据世卫组织指南，2019-nCoV引物和探针组设计中N3用于通用检测SARS样冠状病毒，N1和N2用于特异性检测SARS-CoV-2，因此 D614G突变不影响病毒的核酸检测。
刺突蛋白的受体结合区域(RBD)是目前许多疫苗和疗法所重点针对的目标，D614G并不位于RBD区域。同时，自然感染含有D614或G614的病毒产生的抗体可以交叉中和，因此目前来看， D614G突变不太可能对目前正在研制的疫苗的疗效产生重大影响。
另外，目前没有证据表明D614G突变会干扰治疗策略，如设计破坏与ACE2的spike结合的单克隆抗体的药物。然而，在我们更好地理解D614G在自然感染SARS-CoV-2中的作用之前，任何疫苗或治疗设计都应该考虑到该突变的存在和可能的影响。
在新冠病毒的突变中，D614G突变的病毒株由于其的传播及潜在功能“脱颖而出”，然而病毒株持续在变异，目前尚无充分证据证明D614G突变的病毒株的感染性，毒性有加强，尚未观测到对疫苗和检测的重要影响，后续需要更多实验验证和监测变异的现象。
马来西亚将怎么预防新型突变病毒感染？
马来西亚卫生专家诺希山说，我们现在的首要行动仍是采取预防措施和控制公共卫生，即有纪律的遵守标准作业程序，包括保持人身距离、高度维持个人卫生（尤其是用水和肥皂洗手），以及在公共场所、拥挤和封闭的地方戴口罩、聊天时拉开距离。目前马来西亚疫情仍受控制，卫生部和其他机构也在继续努力遏制冠病的传播，这非常需要整个社会的合作，以便能够一同阻断任何突变类型的病毒传播。
新冠病毒的D614G突变在欧美国家早已出现，今年夏季在中国、日本等国家也已经出现。这种突变真的会导致现在研发中的疫苗无效吗？至少欧美国家和中国的疫苗研发进程并没有被这种新的病毒突变所打断。
您认为呢？
参考资料：
1. Cell
Tracking Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Spike: Evidence that D614G Increases Infectivity of the COVID-19 Virus
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092867420308205
https://www.sohu.com/a/413485796_21...spm=smpc.content.fd-d.63.1597678175313ZLVEtIp
警惕！多国发现新冠病毒变异毒株，传播速度快10倍！或致疫苗失效
2020-08-17 12:10
美国约翰斯·霍普金斯大学最新统计数据显示，截至北京时间8月16日20时27分，全球新冠确诊病例累计超2148万例，累计死亡逾77.1万例，全球单日新增近30万新冠病例。
而今天早上
一个话题冲上了微博热搜
▼
近期，多国通报发现新冠病毒发生了变异。印度发现了73个新冠病毒毒株的新变种。马来西亚变异毒株传播速度可能比一般毒株快10倍。
马来西亚：
发现传播速度快10倍变异毒株
马来西亚卫生部总监努尔16日在其社交媒体上发文指出，根据马来西亚医学机构研究，在该国现有新冠肺炎确诊病例中确认了4例D614G变异毒株。 这一变异毒株传播速度可能比一般毒株快10倍。
努尔介绍，这4例患者分属两个感染群，马来西亚卫生部门已采取措施控制住这两个感染群的传播。目前，马来西亚卫生部门还在检测是否有更多变异毒株病例。
他提醒马来西亚民众， 这一毒株传播速度较快，这意味着更容易出现“超级传播者”，因此民众需要“提高警惕，更加小心”，继续坚持良好卫生习惯并保持社交距离。
努尔还提醒，由科学家发现于今年7月的此种毒株 可能导致目前正在研究中的疫苗无法发挥效果。
印度：
发现了73个新冠病毒毒株的新变种
印度报业托拉斯15日报道，印度东部奥里萨邦的研究团队对1536个样本进行了测序， 最终首次在印度报告了两个新的病毒谱系，发现了73个新冠病毒毒株的新变种。
据报道，做出这一研究结果的团队来自新德里的基因组与整合生物学研究所（CSIR-IGIB）以及奥里萨邦首府布巴内什瓦尔的医学研究所和SUM医院。
该研究团队的首席研究员达斯博士（Dr. Jayashankar Das）表示，了解新冠病毒的详细特征对于治愈新冠肺炎患者很有帮助。 这项研究将有助于了解新冠毒株的脆弱性，以及印度东部，尤其是奥里萨邦的病毒变异动态。
截至当地时间15日，奥里萨邦共确诊新冠肺炎病例54630例，其中死亡324例。
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Will the discovery of new coronavirus mutants in Malaysia invalidate existing vaccine research?
2020-08-17 12:26
[India] terrible! Indian researchers found 73 new coronavirus strains and new variants
Sohu Health
Author Zhou Yichuan
Editor yuan Yue
According to the news from Lianhe Zaobao on August 16, preliminary tests by Malaysian medical research institutions have confirmed that a new coronavirus with a mutation of d614g with a strong infectivity of 10 times has been found in the "Sivaganga" infection group in Kedah Prefecture and the new coronavirus with mutation of d614g in Johor state.
The study found that d614g mutation has 10 times stronger infectivity, and it is more likely to infect people if it is spread through "super communicators", according to health expert nohishan of Malaysia. He warned that this also means that the society needs to be more vigilant and cautious. Scientists found the d614g mutation coronavirus strain in July this year, which may lead to the existing vaccine research invalid for this mutation.
Is d614g a new virus strain?
On July 3, a laboratory study found that the d614g mutation of the new coronavirus may lead to accelerated replication and enhanced transmission of the virus, who officials said: the study showed that 29% of the samples of the new coronavirus had the mutation; this is not a new mutation, the virus with the mutation has spread in Europe and America; however, there is no evidence that it will lead to a more serious disease.
In early August, Japan also reported a new coronavirus with d614g mutation, including g614 mutation, leading to a rapid increase in the number of infection cases.
Can d614g mutation accelerate virus transmission?
Soumya Swaminathan, who's chief scientist, said laboratory studies have found that d614g mutation of the new coronavirus can accelerate the replication and spread of the virus, and the faster the virus propagates, the stronger the transmissibility. However, it can take a long time from laboratory results to understanding the impact of the virus on epidemics. "The virus is mutating, as expected. D614g mutation can promote the virus to reproduce faster, which is the result of laboratory research
A study published in the journal Cell on July 3 found that patients infected with the g614 mutant virus had higher levels of viral RNA in covid-19 cases in the UK, but there was no difference in hospital outcomes. Some scholars have proposed that d614g mutation has a strong correlation with disease mortality, but still stay in the statistical correlation analysis.
First of all, viral RNA load can not be used to measure the severity of the disease. High titers of virus also exist in asymptomatic infected patients, and the above analysis is related statistical analysis, without clear evidence. At the same time, current evidence suggests that d614g is less important for covid-19 than other risk factors, such as age or other underlying diseases. Therefore, the current evidence can not confirm that d614g mutation is more virulent.
Can d614g mutation lead to failure of nucleic acid detection? Will the vaccine currently being developed fail?
Novel coronavirus is now recommended for primers and probes for the open reading frame 1ab (open reading frame, ORF1ab) and core shell protein (nucleoprotein, N) gene regions, Zhang Wenhong, director of the infectious disease department of Shanghai Huashan Hospital, published in the official account of "Huashan infection". According to WHO guidelines, N3 is used for universal detection of SARS like coronavirus, and N1 and N2 are used for specific detection of sars-cov-2. Therefore, d614g mutation does not affect the nucleic acid detection of the virus.
The receptor binding region (RBD) of spinin is the target of many vaccines and therapies. D614g is not located in RBD region. At the same time, antibodies produced by naturally infected viruses containing d614 or g614 can be cross neutralized. Therefore, d614g mutation is unlikely to have a significant impact on the efficacy of vaccines currently being developed.
In addition, there is no evidence that d614g mutations interfere with therapeutic strategies, such as designing drugs that destroy monoclonal antibodies that bind to the spike of ACE2. However, before we can better understand the role of d614g in the natural infection of sars-cov-2, any vaccine or treatment design should consider the existence and possible impact of the mutation.
Among the new coronavirus mutations, d614g mutation virus strain "stands out" because of its transmission and potential function. However, the virus strain continues to mutate. At present, there is no sufficient evidence to prove the infectivity and toxicity of d614g mutant virus strain, and no significant impact on vaccine and detection has been observed. More experiments are needed to verify and monitor the mutation phenomenon in the future.
How will Malaysia prevent it
