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The Execution of a Political Chameleon 不断跳槽 什么下场 死很难看!

PEE_APE_PEE

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民国军阀第一"变色龙"石友三被部下活埋
2012年02月23日10:30:44
来源: 中新网
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【石友三】(1891—1940)

人生简述:原国民党西北军将领,系冯玉祥的“十三太保”之一。 在军阀混战时期,他三次叛冯,后来又投蒋(介石)反蒋,投张(学良)反张,被时人称为“倒戈将军”。 “七七事变”后勾结日军反共,屠杀抗日军民,最后被部属诱捕活埋。

另类经历:曾三度投冯玉祥又三次背叛冯玉祥,投阎反阎,投蒋反蒋,投张(张学良)反张,联共反共,抗日投日,毫无军人应有的气节,可谓无耻之极。

变色龙本是一种蜥蜴类的四脚爬虫,能够根据四周物体的颜色改变自己的肤色。 常用来比喻反复无常的小人。

在“城头变幻大王旗”的民国时期,各路军阀倒戈和跳槽是常有的事。 不少军阀是变色龙,今天是这个派,明天又是那个系,一点都不足为奇。 但是,有这么一个军阀,曾三度投冯玉祥又三次背叛冯玉祥,投阎反阎,投蒋反蒋,投张(张学良)反张,联共反共,抗日投日,毫无军人应有的气节,可谓无耻之极。 这个民国军阀中的第一“变色龙”就是石友三。

成冯玉祥麾下“十三太保”

石友三,字汉章,吉林长春人。 1891年生。 幼时曾在毕家粮坊当学徒,结识少爷毕广垣,得以入小学读书,与教员商震有了师生之谊。 1908年辍学从军,入清朝新军第三镇吴佩孚部下,驻河北廊坊。 不久,新军第三镇兵变,石友三流落北京,整日游手好闲。

1912年,石友三再度从军,投入冯玉祥部下,1912年编入冯玉祥营,充当马夫。 由于他天性机灵,善于察言观色,不久便成了冯玉祥的贴身护兵,从此,他的地位随着冯玉祥的升迁而不断擢升。 1924年,冯玉祥出任西北边防督办,便提升石友三为第八混成旅旅长驻防包头,任包头镇守使。 此时的石友三,与韩复榘、刘汝明、孙连仲、孙良诚等一道,成为冯玉祥麾下著名的“十三太保”。

1924年,冯玉祥发动北京政变,成立国民军,石友三任第六军军长兼第六师师长。

三叛冯玉祥投蒋 ​​又反蒋

1926年春,奉军、直军、直鲁军、晋军联合向冯玉祥的国民军发动进攻,石友三奉冯玉祥的命令进攻晋军,在雁门关受阻,部队伤亡较大,石友三通过与晋军前敌总指挥商震的师生关系,达成休战协议,双方罢了刀兵。

后冯玉祥赴苏联,南口大战国民军溃不成军,由于石友三与晋军早有妥协,反而收容了许多散兵,石友三的第6师增编为3个师。 国民军撤至归绥、包头后,代理指挥张之江等决定进入甘肃,石友三不愿西行,便联络韩复榘,投降了阎锡山。

同年9月,冯玉祥回国,表示既往不咎。 石友三便离开晋军,跪在冯玉祥面前,痛哭流涕地悔罪。 旋即被冯玉祥又任命为第5路司令,1928年参加了国民党的第二次北伐。

1929年三四月间,蒋桂战争爆发。 这场战争,正如毛泽东于1929年秋写的词中所说:风云突变,军阀重开战。 洒向人间都是怨,一枕黄粱再现。

双方都想拉拢冯玉祥。 5月,冯玉祥通电反蒋,命令各部暂往西撤。 6月1日,石友三率部开往许昌,蒋介石的私人代表钱大钧也到达许昌,交给石友三500万元犒赏费,任石友三为反逆军第13路总指挥。

这个变色龙再次易帜。 第二天,石友三便大骂冯玉祥,宣布其“十大罪状”,声明与“逆贼”冯玉祥不共戴天。

这一年秋天,石友三被蒋介石任命为安徽省主席,旋即又被命令其所部开赴广东,去讨伐李宗仁、陈济棠。 石友三及其部属不愿离开北方南下,更担心在途中被蒋军消灭。

其时,两广及唐生智也派人来游说,联合石友三共同讨蒋。 石友三欣然同意,举起了反蒋的大旗。 12月1日,唐生智领衔各路军阀通电讨蒋。 2日晚,“雷厉风行”的石友三命令排列在长江北岸的数十门大炮一齐炮轰南京。

可惜这些人都不是老蒋的对手。 不久,唐生智等部被蒋介石击败。 12月21日,阎锡山发表反唐拥蒋通电。 石友三通电投靠阎锡山,间接地回到了蒋介石的阵营,躲过了蒋介石的惩罚。

1930年春,冯、阎酝酿讨蒋,拉拢石友三。 石友三又一次回到冯玉祥的麾下。 5月,冯、阎倒蒋的中原大战爆发,石友三参加了中原大战,受命率10万大军进攻陇海线。 9月18日,张学良通电拥蒋,入关参战,冯阎军呈现败势。 石友三即通电投靠张学良,第三次背叛了冯玉祥,也背叛了曾在危难之时帮助他躲过蒋介石惩罚的阎锡山。

投张又讨张老本都蚀光

1931年春天,石友三亲赴沈阳谒见张学良,以同乡的关系,投奔其门下。 张学良将其部收编为国民革命军第13路军,军部驻邢台,石友三为总指挥,拥有兵力6.4万余人,每月领取定额军饷60万元。 但石友三对此仍有不满,图谋夺取整个华北地区。

石友三表面归顺张学良,暗中却又准备向北扩展,争夺“华北王”的宝座。 1931年5月,汪精卫、陈济棠、李宗仁在广州另组国民政府,委他为第5集团军总司令。 7月18日,石友三在归德宣誓就任广州政府所委任的第5集团军总司令,并发出讨张通电,督率各部沿平汉路北进讨伐张学良。

7月24日,南京政府下令免去石友三本兼各职,石友三成了蒋介石和张学良的共同敌人。 很快,石友三遭到蒋介石和张学良的南北夹击,7月31日,石友三全军覆灭,成了光杆司令。

这一下,多年积累起来的老本一下蚀光了,石友三只好依附山东老友韩复榘,过着寄人篱下的寓公生活。 次年,他协助韩复榘,成功暗杀了另一个军阀张宗昌。

军统下毒药却没能成功

1932年,石友三秘密离开山东,从烟台乘船前往天津与土肥原贤二接洽与勾结,住进了日租界,在天津日租界召集旧部及汉奸、流氓、失意军人等筹办汉奸武装,多次军事骚扰国民党军的抗日行动,给国民党在华北的统治带来极大的麻烦与威胁。 蒋介石早就对石友三恨之入骨,便乘机要军统局对他迅速惩处。 军统北平站站长陈恭澍派特务王文收买了石友三的亲信侍从副官先鸿霞。

先鸿霞从军统手中取到了一种剧毒药,他用金钱买通了厨师在菜中下毒药。 那天晚上九点多,石友三和三姨太上桌吃饭,那厨师把掺了毒药的火锅端上来。 由于过度紧张,竟将汤水都晃荡出来了,石友三立即警觉起来,拔出手枪逼厨师坦白,厨师讲出了下毒实情。 先鸿霞见厨师望着自己要指认,知道事要败露,便伸手摸枪,正在观察动态的贺参谋飞脚踢飞了先鸿霞的手枪。

恼羞成怒的石友三,令参谋捆住先鸿霞送日租界宪兵队,称其为南京派来的抗日分子,由日军处理。 军统刺杀石友三的这​​次行动计划全部失败了,石友三继续过着悠哉而又浑浑噩噩的日子。

联共又反共抗日变哈日

1933年5月,中日签订塘沽协定,南京国民政府在华北成立冀察政务委员会,将石友三收编,任命其为冀北保安司令。

抗日战争爆发后,石友三部编在名将宋哲元帐下任一八一师师长。 同年底,石友三任69军军长。 后任第十军团总司令。

1938年,山东被日本占领后,石友三奉命留在敌后进行游击战。 石友三为保存实力,遂转而与中国共产党合作,希望在其支持下确立对山东的控制,邓小平、杨秀峰曾到石友三部工作。 石友三还聘请共产党人张克威、张友渔任军政治部主任,吸引一些进步青年到所部充当政工人员。

1939年4月,蒋介石极尽拉拢之能事,命亲信臧伯风带去口信:清除共产党、八路军,则华北由石友三主持。

背信弃义的石友三再次摇身一变,由联共变为彻底反共,要求所部官兵全部加入国民党,并与八路军多次发生冲突。 还不断派兵进袭抗日根据地,杀害抗日军民,被称为“石阎王”​​,对人民犯下了滔天罪行。 1939年我党干部从石友三部撤出。 不久,石友三被委任为察哈尔省主席。

1940年春,石友三率部进犯冀南八路军,反被八路军打得落花流水,损失惨重。 他执迷不悟地认为:要保存实力,唯有与日伪勾结。 之后,石友三积极配合日伪军,多次进犯八路军根据地。 他在开封与日本驻军司令佐佐木签订互不侵犯协议,并准备在联合消灭八路军后向日军投降。

投降日本前被埋黄河边

石友三与日伪军勾结,其部属对他十分不满。

受石友三节制的新8军军长高树勋,因不愿进攻八路军,石友三便挑动日军袭击高部,石、高矛盾激化。 石友三第69军政治部主任臧伯风及总参议毕广垣与高树勋策划,寻机杀掉石友三,以除大患。

1940年11月,石友三与日方开始商谈投降条件。 臧伯风、毕广垣、高树勋等感到形势紧迫,决心赶快下手。 他们请出原西北军将领、时任鲁西行署主任兼游击主任的孙良诚,由他出面请石友三到高树勋部面谈,说是要消除两人的隔阂。 石友三见是老长官出面邀请,便表示同意。

12月1日,石友三率1连骑兵随孙良诚到高树勋部驻地河南濮阳柳下屯。 高树勋率旅长以上军官将他们迎进会议室,大家谈笑风生,共叙往事。 不一会,有一勤务兵入内对高树勋说:“太太有事相请”。 高树勋即离室而去,突然,四名卫兵进入会议室,将石友三架走。

高树勋把石友三押在南寨,对杀石有些犹豫不决,后在亲信们的怂恿下才下决心,派卫士队长高金兰、军部参议李席儒等将石友三活埋于黄河岸边。 (刘继兴)
 
Warlords "chameleon" Stone Yousan men buried alive
February 23, 2012 Day 10:30:44
Source: WASHINGTON
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[Correction]

[SHI] (1891-1940)

Life is brief: one of the Northwest Army of the Kuomintang generals, Department of Feng's "The Wild Bunch". In the warlord period, his three rebel Feng, and later cast the Chiang Kai-shek, Chiang, anti-Chang, the vote Zhang Xueliang, when people referred to as "the defection of General. Colluded with the Japanese anti-communist "Marco Polo Bridge Incident, the massacre of anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians, and finally subordinates trapping buried alive.

Alternative experience: a three-vote Feng Yuxiang three betrayal Feng Yuxiang, to vote Yan anti-Yan vote Chiang Chiang vote Zhang (Zhang) anti-Zhang, co-anti-communist, anti-Japanese cast day, no soldier should be integrity, can be described as shameless pole.

Chameleon This is a lizard-like four-legged reptiles, change their color according to the color of the surrounding objects. Commonly used to describe the vagaries of villain.

In the "city of the first king of the flag," the Republic of China, the warlords turned against him and quit common. Many warlords is the chameleon, this camp today is, tomorrow is another that the Department, the point is not surprising. However, such a warlord three occasions vote Feng Yuxiang three betrayal Feng Yuxiang, vote Yan anti Yan, investment Chiang Chiang, vote Zhang (Zhang) anti-sheets, together anti-communist, anti-Japanese cast date, no soldier should be integrity can be described as the most shameless. Warlords in the "chameleon" SHI.

Into Feng Yuxiang under the command of the "Wild Bunch"

Stone Yousan word Han-chang, Changchun, Jilin. 1891 students. Childhood in the completion of home grain Square as an apprentice, became acquainted with the young master Bi Guangyuan to be elementary school reading, and faculty providers shock with the teachers and students of friendship. 1908 drop out of school to join the army, into the new army town of Wu Pei-fu in the Qing Dynasty men in Langfang, Hebei. Soon, the third town of the new army mutiny, SHI three living in Beijing, idling.

1912, stone Yousan re-join the army, put Feng Yuxiang men, 1912 incorporated Feng Yuxiang camp to act as a groom. Because of his nature, clever, good wind blows, and soon became the soldiers of Feng's personal care, and since then, his position with the promotion of Feng Yuxiang promotion. In 1924, Feng Yuxiang served as the Northwestern Frontier, it will enhance the stone Yousan eighth mixed brigades brigadier stationed in the header, any header commanders. The stone Yousan, Han Fu-Ju Liu Ruming, Sun Lien-chung, Sun Liangcheng a Feng Yuxiang under the command of the famous "Wild Bunch".

In 1924, launched by the warlord Feng Yuxiang, Beijing coup, the establishment of a national army, SHI sixth Junjun and Chairman of the sixth division.

Three rebel Feng Yuxiang vote Jiang also Chiang

In the spring of 1926, the Fengtien direct military straight Lu Jun, Jin joint to Feng Yuxiang's National Army attack, the SHI three Feng Feng Yuxiang command attack Jin blocked Yanmenguan troop casualties, stone Yousan and Jin military Front commander Business seismic teacher-student relationship reached a truce agreement, both sides fills the sword.

Feng Yuxiang went to the Soviet Union, after rout of the National Army of the South Side, World War II, Shih Yu and Jin has long been a compromise, but to accept the many outposts, Stone Yousan 6th Division addendum to the three divisions. Withdrawal of national army into Gansu, SHI You do not want to westbound Guisui after the header, the proxy command Zhang Jiang decisions, then contact the Han Fu Ju, surrendered to Yan Xishan.

In September, Feng Yuxiang to return, said let bygones be bygones. Shek Yousan left Jin, kneeling in the front of Feng Yuxiang, and cried to repentance. Soon to be Feng Yuxiang was appointed for the 5th Road commander, participated in the Second Northern Expedition of the Kuomintang in 1928.

30 April 1929, Jiang Gui outbreak of war. The war, as Mao Zedong in the fall of 1929 to write the word said: drastic changes in the warlord heavy war. Spread worldwide and resentment that the reproduction of a daydream.

Both sides want to win over Feng Yuxiang. May, Feng Yuxiang power Chiang command ministries temporarily withdraw west. June 1, stone Yousan led his troops bound for Xuchang, Chiang Kai-shek's personal representative Qian Dajun also reached Xuchang, to Friends of the stone to reward fee of $ 5 million yuan, Renshi You for inversive 13 Road, commander of the Army.

This chameleon changing of the guard again. The next day, the stone Yousan will be cursed Feng Yuxiang, announced its "Top Ten crimes", the statement with the "usurper" Feng Yuxiang mortal.

The fall of this year, stone Yousan Chiang Kai-shek appointed as the Chairman of Anhui Province, immediately was ordered its Ministry marched in Guangdong, a punitive expedition against Li Tsung-jen, Chen Jitang. Shih Yu and his subordinates do not want to leave the north to south, are more worried about the way Chiang eradication.

That time, Guangdong and Guangxi and Tang Sheng-chih sent to lobby the United SHI to discuss Jiang. SHI three readily agreed to lift the banner of the Chiang Kai-shek. December 1, Tang Sheng-chih led by the power of warlords to discuss Jiang. In the evening of 2 "resolutely" SHI command to arrange the north shore of the Yangtze River, together dozens of pieces of artillery shelling Nanjing.

Unfortunately, these people are not opponents of Chiang Kai-shek. Soon, Tang Sheng-chih, etc. to be defeated by Chiang Kai-shek. December 21, Yen, anti-Tang owned Chiang power. Stone Friends of the three power take refuge in Yan Xishan, indirectly returned to the camp of Chiang Kai-shek, escaped the punishment of the Chiang Kai-shek.

In the spring of 1930, Feng, Yan brewing discussion Jiang win over Stone Yousan. Shih Yu once again back to three under the command of Feng Yuxiang. In May, the Central Plains War of Feng Yan Daojiang, the outbreak of stone, Friends of the three Central Plains War, and was ordered rate of 100,000 army offensive Longhai line. September 18, Chang Hsueh-liang power pro Jiang, entry the war, Feng Jun Yan presents the lost potential. Stone Yousan namely the power to seek refuge with Zhang Xueliang, betrayed Feng Yuxiang, and betrayal in time of distress, help him to escape Chiang Kai-shek punishment Yan Xishan.

Vote Zhang discuss Zhanglao to this eclipse light

The spring of 1931, Friends of stone went to Shenyang audience with Zhang Xueliang, the Association of the relationship, they go to the sects. Zhang will incorporate its Ministry for the 13th Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army, the military in Xingtai, SHI for the commander in chief, has 6.4 million troops, the monthly fixed pay of 60 million. But the stone Yousan, are still not satisfied, attempts to capture the entire North China.

Stone Friends of the three surface allegiance Zhang secretly but ready to expand to the north, compete for the throne of the "North China". In May 1931, Wang Jingwei, Chen Jitang, Li Tsung-jen, another group in Guangzhou National Government appointed him as the 5th Army Commander. July 18, SHI three in the Guide was sworn in as the 5th Army Commander-in-Chief appointed by the Government of Guangzhou, and issued a discussion Zhang powered Dulv ministries along the Ping Han northbound into the crusade against Chang Hsueh-liang.

July 24, the Nanjing government ordered removed from the stone of Friends of the three part post, stone Yousan became the common enemy of the Chiang Kai-shek and Zhang Xueliang. Soon, stone Yousan was north and south of Chiang Kai-shek and Zhang Xueliang the attack, 31 July, stone Yousan military destruction, became a leader without any followers.

This, the capital accumulated over the years about eclipse light, stone Yousan had attached to Shandong old friend of Han Fu-Ju Yu Gong life live to depend on others. The following year, he helped the Han Fu Ju, successfully assassinated Another warlord Zhang Zongchang.

Poison the KMT failed to

1932, stone Yousan secretly left Shandong Yantai boat to go to Tianjin and Kenji Doihara contact and collusion, was admitted to the Japanese Concession Concession in Tianjin and Japan convened organized by the old unit and a traitor, rogue, frustrated soldiers traitors armed, multi- times of military harassment of the KMT's anti-Japanese action to great trouble and threat to the KMT's rule in North China. Chiang Kai-shek has long been the SHI hated, will take advantage of the bureau to deliver swift justice to him. Chan, the KMT Peiping station Christine Shu sent spies Wang bought the the SHI three cronies attendants adjutant, first, David Xia.

First David Xia military system in the hands taken to a highly toxic drug, he used money to bribe the chef in the food poison. On the night of nine, the SHI three and concubine and serve a meal that cooks hot pot served mixed with poison. Due to excessive tension, trying to shift the soup sloshing out of the stone Yousan alert, immediately drew a pistol to force the chef frank, cooks speak poison truth. The first David Xia see the chef looked at to identify, know the things to be brought to light, we reach out and touch the gun, are observing the dynamic of congratulations Staff Gamba kicked the pistol of the first David Xia.

Angry stone Yousan, the General Staff tied the first to send David Xia Japanese Concession gendarmerie, called Nanjing sent by the anti-Japanese elements, processing by the Japanese army. The KMT assassination of SHI plan of action is a total failure, SHI continue to live a carefree and unexamined day.

Co anti-Communist anti-Japanese change Hara

In May 1933, Japan signed the Tanggu Agreement, Nanjing National Government was established in North China, Hopei-Chahar Political Affairs Commission, stone Yousan incorporated appointed as the commander of the northern Hebei Province security.

After the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War, Stone Friends of the three series of the famous Sung Che-yuan charged against any one or 81 division. The same end of the Stone Friends of the third term of 69 Corps. He served as the commander in chief of the Tenth Legion.

In 1938, Shandong was occupied by Japan, Shih Yu was ordered to stay to conduct guerrilla warfare behind enemy lines. The SHI three to preserve strength, then turned to the Chinese Communist Party, Deng Xiaoping, Yang Xiufeng SHI three hope to establish control over Shandong support. SHI also hired communists Zhang Kewei, Zhang Youyu any military and political director, to attract some of the progressive youth to his troops to act as a Political Staff.

April 1939, Chiang Kai-shek and feared his best to win over life cronies Zang Bo wind brought a message: Clear the Communist Party, the Eighth Route Army, the North China presided over by SHI three.

The perfidious stone Yousan again transformed, become thoroughly anti-Communist from co-operating, requiring his troops officers and men all joined the KMT and repeatedly clashed with the Eighth Route Army. Also continued to send troops into the passage of the anti-Japanese base areas, killing the anti-Japanese soldiers and civilians, known as the "stone Hades, the people have committed heinous crimes. 1939 Party cadres from SHI three withdrawal. Soon, stone Yousan was appointed as the Chahar provincial governor.

The spring of 1940, Shih Yu led his troops to invade southern Hebei, the Eighth Route Army, the Eighth Route Army trounced anti-be losses. He come to their senses that: you want to save power, only collusion with the Puppet. , Stone Yousan actively cooperate with the Japanese and puppet troops, repeatedly invaded the Eighth Route Army base. Sasaki in Kaifeng, the Japanese commander of the garrison, he signed a non-aggression pact, and is ready to surrender to the Japanese in the United eradication to the Eighth Route Army.

Surrender of former Japanese were buried along the Yangtze River

SHI three Japanese and puppet troops colluded with subordinates he was very dissatisfied with.

Stone Yousan moderate Kao Shu-hsun of the new Eighth Army commander, unwilling to attack the Eighth Route Army, stone Yousan would provoke the Japanese attack the Ministry of stone, high intensification of conflicts. The SHI III 69 Army Political Department of the Zang Bo wind and total Services Bi Guangyuan Shuxun plan, look for an opportunity to kill stone Yousan to remove the scourge.

In November 1940, Stone Yousan with the Japanese side to negotiate terms of surrender. The Zang Peter Wind, Bi Guangyuan, high Shuxun on the urgency of the situation, determined to "start. They asked a former northwest military generals, when he was the Luxi administrative office director of the guerrilla director of the Sun Liangcheng, please SHI to high Shuxun Ministry of interviews, said he came forward to eliminate the barriers of the two. Stone Friends of the three see the old Executive to come forward to the invitation, they agreed.

December 1, the SHI rate of even the cavalry with the Sun Liangcheng to Henan Puyang, high-Shuxun Ministry resident Liu under the Tuen. The officer above brigadier of the the high Shuxun rate will be welcomed into the conference room, everyone laughing at the table back. Soon, there is an orderly into the high Shuxun said: "Madam something please". The high the Shuxun away from the room, suddenly, four guards into the conference room will be the SHI three Jiazou.

Kao Shu-hsun stone Friends of the three stakes on the Nanzhai hesitant to kill stone, at the instigation of the cronies resolved high Quinlan, captain of the camp guards, the military Services Lixi Ru Shih Yu buried alive in the Yellow River shore. (Liu Jixing)
 
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