The organization tags five non-sanctioning countries – China, India, Turkey, United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Singapore – as “launderers” of Russian oil, which is blended with non-Russian origin crude and re-exported globally, including to the very nations enforcing the price cap and embargo in what CREA describes as a “major loophole” in the sanctions regime.
Isaac Levi, an energy analyst at CREA and the report’s co-author, told Asia Times that the EU’s oil ban and price cap, imposed in December and February respectively, have cost Moscow an estimated 160 million euros (US$175.3 million) per day, but were cautiously designed to allow Russian oil flows onto global markets to keep prices down and avoid supply disruptions.
“Now that the bans are in place, Russia’s revenues are starting to rebound,” he said, describing the loophole as a “legal way” for sanction-imposing countries to buy oil products previously bought directly from Russia, which are now being sold by third countries at a premium. “This process provides higher demand for Russian oil, creating higher export volumes and prices.”
In November, the International Energy Agency (IEA) projected that Russian oil output would fall by 1.4 million barrels per day (bpd) in 2023 following the EU’s ban on seaborne exports of Russian crude. But with more than 90% of Russian crude now finding buyers in Asia, exports averaged 3.76 million bpd in April, 22% above the average pre-war level of 3.1 million bpd,
according to S&P Global.