Serious Ibn Battuta greatest traveler in recorded history observation on Afros and CECA

[mudhatter]

Ibn Battuta was the greatest traveler in recorded history before the advent of steam engine and thus steam ships. i.e. prior to industrial revolution.

He travelled the bulk of the known world of the time, which consisted mostly of Muslim ruled or Muslim majority regions and countries. That era was a perilous one for Muslims in much of the world for an unknown plague in the form of Mongols had invaded much of the Islamic world beginning with central Asian, Persianized, ethnically Turkic states such as the Khwarezmian empire.

Then the Mongols moved on to Afghanistan, Pakistan until blocked by Muslims that lorded over their CECA virus subjects - the Delhi Sultanate.


Perpetual losers - Iranians

To its West, Iran was subjugated with ease despite all the demagoguery and empty rhetoric then Iranian leadership engaged in. That's reminiscent of today when Iranian leadership also engaged in much demagoguery but fails to publicly test hydrogen/thermonuclear bombs and ICBM. Despite facing much greater isolation and predicament, a much smaller strategic space, North Korea has been able to test both thermonuclear bombs and ICBM by now. IQ & race may be the only explanation for this situation. Their much beloved and hyped military leader Soleimani was killed by Yanks in the open and they took full responsibility for it, yet the Iranian donkeys could not kill any Yankee troops in public. Another humiliation for the Iranian losers.

Same losers also failed to do test ICBM and hydrogen bombs by now, so that their allies in Palestine, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, Yemen etc continue to suffer, the countries have been ruined or reduced to rubble by the kuffar but donkey Iranian leadership (thx to low IQ as expected from the Race & IQ theory) is unable to provide any form of nuclear deterrence or nuclear umbrella to its allies.

What's more?

These same Iranians were not only conquered and brutally slaughtered by Mongols with complete and utter ease, but these Iranians failed - for even once - to conquer the heartland of the Mongols in Mongolia. This goes to show the martial, military and intellectual inferiority of the Iranians. These same Iranians were conquered by Arabs and Greeks prior to that too, and also had their country occupied by Brits and Soviets.


Map of Ibn Battuta's travels

This map claims to show the routes taken by Ibn Battuta and the lands travelled by him. Descriptions of the peoples, cities, countries, cultures, religion, every day lives, rulers, and the level of development and civilizational attainments are found in his memorable Rihla, or Travels.

Ibn Battuta traveled more than 120,000 km in those days in comparison to Marco Polo's mere 24,000 km!

Ibn Battuta outdid Marco Polo by a factor of 5. !!!!


Another Tiong Muslim Zheng He is said to have travelled an estimated 50,000 km.


For both Ibn Battuta & Marco Polo, they found themselves in a world where the dumb Mongols ruled a large part of it.



Here, I want to present a few snapshots of legendary Ibn Battuta's observations on West African niggs.

Journey to Mali: 1350 - 1351​

"[The sultan] has a lofty pavilion ... where he sits most of the time... There came forth from the gate of the palace about 300 slaves, some carrying in their hands bows and others having in their hands short lances and shields... Then two saddled and bridled horses are brought, with two rams which, they say, are effective against the evil eye... The interpreter stands at the gate of the council-place wearing fine garments of silk... and on his head a turban with fringes which they have a novel way of winding..." [Dunn, p. 302]


The Allure of Mali

When Ibn Battuta first visited Cairo in 1326, he undoubtedly heard about the visit of Mansa Musa (King of Mali from 1307 to 1332). Mansa Musa had passed through the city two years earlier making his pilgrimage to Mecca with thousands of slaves and soldiers, wives and officials. One hundred camels each carried one hundred pounds of gold. Mansa Musa performed many acts of charity and "flooded Cairo with his kindness." So much gold spent in the markets of Cairo actually upset the gold market well into the next century. Mali's gold was important all over the world. In the later Medieval period, West Africa may have been producing almost two-thirds of the world's supply of gold! Mali also supplied other trade items - ivory, ostrich feathers, kola nuts, hides, and slaves. No wonder there was talk about the Kingdom of Mali and its riches! And no wonder Ibn Battuta, still restless after his trip to Al-Andalus, set his mind on visiting the sub-Saharan kingdom.



This is a small section of a famous map known as the Catalan Atlas, produced in 1375. The Atlas is attributed to Abraham Cresques, a Jewish book illuminator and map-maker. The original version is housed at the Bibliothèque Nationale de France(link is external), but this image is a clip from a website that hosts very high-definition images of the map panels.

Since this map was made in 1375, it did not exist yet when Ibn Battuta went to Mali. However, the inclusion of Mansa Musa on the map (shown sitting on a throne, with gold accessories) suggests that the legends of his wealth and power continued well after Ibn Battuta's time.

A trip to Mali, like all other trips, would be made easier because of already established trade routes controlled by Muslims. The rulers and many businessmen of Mali had converted to Islam a generation before and Muslim traders had come to live in Mali's business centers. Ibn Battuta could not resist another trip before he settled down. Or perhaps he thought about settling in Mali where the converts and Muslim settlers and even the king (sultan) were hungry for Islamic education and law. Mansa Musa had built mosques and minarets and established Friday prayer-days in Mali. He had brought judges to his country and became a student of religion, himself. Perhaps Ibn Battuta was looking for a job in the circle of rulers in Mali. This trip would take him 1,500 miles across a fearsome desert.


An image from the Draa River Valley, on the northern edge of the Sahara Desert.
Source: Theoliane(link is external) - Own work, Public Domain

Azalai salt caravan, December 1985.
Source: Holger Reineccius(link is external) at the German language Wikipedia(link is external), CC BY-SA 3.0(link is external).
Crossing the Sahara

Ibn Battuta set out from Fez in the autumn of 1351 and crossed the Atlas Mountains. After traveling for eight or nine days he arrived at a town called Sijilmasa on the Oasis of Tafilalt. This was the last outpost before crossing the vast Sahara Desert. Here he spent four months waiting for the winter season when the great caravans could cross the desert. It was here where he bought camels of his own while staying with Muslims who offered him hospitality.

And so he set out across the Sahara Desert for Walata in a camel caravan in February, 1352. They traveled in the early morning and late afternoon and rested under awnings to avoid the scorching midday heat. Twenty-five days later the caravan reached the settlement of Taghaza, the main salt-mining center of the Western Sahara. Here workers loaded great slabs of salt which was in great demand in Mali. Taghaza was a desolate place. "This is a village with nothing good about it," complained Ibn Battuta. "It is the most fly-ridden of places." Then he described the huge amounts of gold that changed hands there.
The caravan stayed in Taghaza for ten days where he stayed in a house built entirely of salt except for the camel skin roof! The water was salty, too, and food had to be brought from the outside.
Then began the most dangerous part of the journey - almost 500 miles of sand where only one water place exists. Fortunately there had been some rainfall that year, so there was some scattered vegetation and occasionally even pools of water for the camels. The travelers drank water from goat skin bags. Yet there were more dangers:

"In those days we used to go on ahead of the caravan and whenever we found a place suitable for grazing we pastured the beasts there. This we continued to do till a man ... became lost in the desert. After that we neither went on ahead nor lagged behind."

Ibn Battuta worried about running out of water, about his guides losing their way, and about falling prey to the "demons which haunted those wastes." In the end of April, they arrived in Walata, on the edge of the desert -- a sweltering little town with m&d brick houses next to barren hills and with a few palm trees. Ibn Battuta regretted coming at all to this town because he had been treated so much better in other parts of the Islamic world. He resented the governor who offered the visitors a bowl of millet with a little honey and yogurt as a welcoming meal.

"I said to them: 'Was it to this that the black man invited us?' They said: 'Yes, for them this is a great banquet.' Then I knew for certain that no good was to be expected from them and I wished to depart."

He stayed in Walata for several weeks, but as happened in other places on his journey, he took offense at the local customs. After all, he must have thought, he was a special visitor that should be pampered. And even more offensive were the local customs that Ibn Battuta thought were not appropriate for good Muslims.
For example, he expected the sexes to be separated in an Islamic society. On one occasion he entered in a qadi's (judge's) house only to find a young and beautiful woman there to greet him. She was the judge's friend! (Ibn Battuta considered her presence there highly inappropriate). On another occasion Ibn Battuta called on a scholar and found the man's wife chatting with a strange man in the courtyard. Ibn Battuta expressed his disapproval and the man answered,

"The association of women with men is agreeable to us and a part of good manners, to which no suspicion attaches. They are not like the women of your country."

Needless to say, Ibn Battuta considered the local customs inferior to his own. This was not the first time Ibn Battuta took issue with the behavior of local women.
Side Trip: What were Ibn Battuta's views on women and sexuality?
South into the Sahel and Savannah
The travelers went southward away from the desert and into the sahel(link is external) (the arid country between the sandy desert in the north and grassy savannah to the south) along the Niger River to the king's palaces. Along the way he offered glass beads and pieces of salt in return for millet, rice, chickens, and other local foods. After two or more weeks on the road, he arrived at the seat of government, a town with several palaces for Mansa Sulayman, younger brother of Mansa Musa who had died. (Sulayman ruled from 1341 to 1360). The main palace was built by a Muslim architect from al-Andalus (Muslim Spain) and was covered with plaster painted with colorful patterns, a "most elegant" building. Surrounding the palaces and mosques were the residences of the citizens: m&d-walled houses roofed with domes of timber and reed.

Ibn Battuta followed the Niger River to several of Mali's biggest cities. He rode in a boat such as this.

The sahel forest in Mali during the rainy season.
Source: NOAA, US Gov, Public Domain

---

What did Ibn Battuta eat in West Africa?

Ibn Battuta complained about being given millet porridge with a little honey and yogurt by a host. He mentions eating camel meat along the way, and trading glass beads and salt for millet, rice, milk, chickens, fish, melons and pumpkins, and other local foods. He got sick from eating yams (or a similar root). From the king, he received a welcoming gift of three loaves of bread and a piece of beef fried in shea butter, and a gourd containing yogurt. (He was insulted by this meager gift, too.)

Ibn Battuta described the fruit of the baobab tree: "like a cucumber, when it ripens it bursts uncovering something like flour; they cook and eat it and it is sold in the markets." (Actually, the women pound it into a flour - it doesn't just turn into flour spontaneously). He also told of a ground crop like beans that was fried which tastes like peas, or made into a flour and fried in 'shea butter'. [Hamdun & King, Ibn Battuta in Black Africa, p. 40.]
On his way back home from Mali, he tells of some Berbers who live off of dates and locusts (an insect like a grasshopper). [Hamdun & King, p. 74]
For a modern American take on West African cuisines, check out this article from the Washington Post(link is external).
Some of Ibn Battuta's food-related commentary is more overt cultural commentary. Consider this disturbing anecdote, which he said was told to him:

Sultan Mansa Sulayman was visited by a party of ...[non-Muslim] negro cannibals, including one of their [princes]. They have a custom of wearing in their ears large pendants, each pendant having an opening of half a span. They wrap themselves in silk mantles, and in their country there is a gold mine. The sultan received them with honour, and gave them as his hospitality-gift a servant, a [black woman]. They killed and ate her, and having smeared their faces and hands with her blood came to the sultan to thank him. I was informed that this is their regular custom whenever they visit his court. Someone told me about them that they say that the choicest parts of women's flesh are the palm of the hand and the breast. [Fordham University Medieval Sourcebook(link is external)]

---

Ibn Battuta must have wanted to see the ruler quickly, but ten days after his arrival, he reported that became seriously ill after eating some undercooked yams(link is external). One of his traveling companions died from the same food! Ibn Battuta remained ill for two months. After he finally recovered, he went to observe a public ceremony - an audience with the sultan Mansa Sulayman.

"[The sultan] has a lofty pavilion ... where he sits most of the time... There came forth from the gate of the palace about 300 slaves, some carrying in their hands bows and others having in their hands short lances and shields... Then two saddled and bridled horses are brought, with two rams which, they say, are effective against the evil eye... The interpreter stands at the gate of the council-place wearing fine garments of silk... and on his head a turban with fringes which they have a novel way of winding... The troops, governors, young men, slaves, ... and others sit outside the council-place in a broad street where there are trees... Anyone who wishes to address the sultan addresses the interpreter and the interpreter addresses a man standing [near the sultan] and that man standing addresses the sultan." [Dunn, p. 302]

He described those who came to the palace:

"Each commander has his followers before him with their spears, bows, drums and bugles made of elephant tusks. Their instruments of music are made of reeds and calabashes, and they beat them with sticks and produce a wonderful sound. Each commander has a quiver which he places between his shoulders. He holds his bow in his hand and is mounted on a mare. Some of his men are on foot and some on mounts." [Hamdun & King, pp. 47 - 48]

At another session (part of a festival) he describes:

"The men-at-arms come with wonderful weaponry: quivers of silver and gold, swords covered with gold... Four of the amirs stand behind him to drive off flies, with ornaments of silver in their hands... .... The Interpreter brings in his four wives and his concubines, who are about a hundred in number. On them are fine clothes and on their heads they have bands of silver and gold with silver and gold apples as pendants. ... A chair is there for the Interpreter and he beats on an instrument which is made of reeds with tiny calabashes below it [a "balophon"] praising the sultan, recalling in his song his expeditions and deeds. The wives and the concubines sing with him... about thirty of his pages... each has a drum tied to him and he beats it. Then ...[come acrobats and jugglers of swords]..." [Hamdun & King, pp. 52 - 53]

Ibn Battuta ended his eight-month stay in Mali with mixed feelings. On the one hand he respected the parents' strict teaching of the Qur'an to their children: "They place fetters [ropes or chains] on their children if there appears ... a failure to memorize the Qur'an, and they are not undone until they memorize it." He also admired the safety of the empire. "Neither traveler there nor dweller has anything to fear from thief or usurper."
On the other hand he criticized many local practices:

"Female slaves and servants who went stark naked into the court for all to see; subjects who groveled before the sultan, beating the ground with their elbows and throwing dust and ashes over their heads; royal poets who romped about in feathers and bird masks."

He also complained about the small gift of bread, meat and yogurt given to him by the king.

"When I saw it I laughed, and was long astonished at their feeble intellect and their respect for mean things."

Later he complained directly to the king:

"I have journeyed to the countries of the world and met their kings. I have been four months in your country without your giving me a reception gift or anything else. What shall I say of you in the presence of other sultans?" [Dunn, p. 300, 303]

That evidently made a difference, though it is hard to know what the locals thought of their demanding guest.

"Then the sultan ordered a house for me in which I stayed and he fixed an allowance for me... He was gracious to me at my departure, to the extent of giving me one hundred mithqals of gold." [Hamdun and King, p. 46]

On his return trip, Ibn Battuta continued to explore parts of Mali. He went to Timbuktu, a town that was just beginning to flower as a center of Islamic scholarship and trade. Mansa Musa himself had a mosque built there. But Ibn Battuta was evidently not very impressed with Timbuktu - a city that would become great in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.

 

[mudhatter]

Legendary Emperor Babur from Central Asia who ruled over his ceca-virus subjects for decades and established the famous Mughal Empire held the subhuman, low IQ Hindus in low regard.

For historical truth, we must relate these accounts.

‘Hindustan is a country of few charms. Its people have no good looks; of social intercourse, paying and receiving visits there is none; of genius and capacity none; of manners none; in handicraft and work there is no form or symmetry, method or quality; there are no good horses, no good dogs, no grapes, muskmelons or first-rate fruits, no ice or cold water, no good bread or cooked food in the bazaars, no hot-baths, no colleges, no candles, torches or candlesticks.

‘In place of candle and torch, they have a great dirty gang they call lamp-men (diwati), who in the left hand hold a smallish wooden tripod to one corner of which a thing like the top of a candlestick is fixed, having a wick in it about as thick as the thumb. In the right hand they hold a gourd, through a narrow slit made in which oil is let to trickle in a thin thread when the wick needs it.

‘The rich keep a hundred or two of these lamp-men. This is Hindustan’s substitute for lamps and candlesticks! If their rulers and Begs have work at night needing candles, these dirty lamp-men bring these lamps, go close up and stand there.

‘Except their large rivers and their standing-waters which flow in ravines or hollows (there are no waters). There are no remaining waters in their gardens or residences (imaratlar). These residences have no charm, air, regularity or symmetry.

‘Peasants and people of low standing go about naked. They tie on a thing called (lunguta) a decency-clout which hangs two spans below the navel. From the tie of this pendent decency-clout, another clout is passed between the thighs and made fast behind. Women also tie on a cloth (lung), one-half of which goes round the waist; the other is thrown over the head.

(Excerpts taken from Baburnama (London, 1922) translated by Annete Beveridge).




@ChristJohnny and other low IQ ceca virus will have to agree on these observations.

it also explains why over 70% of Malaysia's gangsters are these wretched low IQ ah nehs

Bukit Aman's CID director Datuk Hadi Ho Abdullah said that in 2013 about 70 per cent of the 40,000 suspected gang members in the country of 28 million were Indian

Bukit Aman's CID director Datuk Hadi Ho Abdullah pointed out that about 70% of gang members in the country are Indians, with Chinese and Malays making up the remaining 25% and 4.77% respectively.


IQ & Race

 

[TheGreatWhite]

Legendary Emperor Babur from Central Asia who ruled over his ceca-virus subjects for decades and established the famous Mughal Empire held the subhuman, low IQ Hindus in low regard.

For historical truth, we must relate these accounts.

‘Hindustan is a country of few charms. Its people have no good looks; of social intercourse, paying and receiving visits there is none; of genius and capacity none; of manners none; in handicraft and work there is no form or symmetry, method or quality; there are no good horses, no good dogs, no grapes, muskmelons or first-rate fruits, no ice or cold water, no good bread or cooked food in the bazaars, no hot-baths, no colleges, no candles, torches or candlesticks.

‘In place of candle and torch, they have a great dirty gang they call lamp-men (diwati), who in the left hand hold a smallish wooden tripod to one corner of which a thing like the top of a candlestick is fixed, having a wick in it about as thick as the thumb. In the right hand they hold a gourd, through a narrow slit made in which oil is let to trickle in a thin thread when the wick needs it.

‘The rich keep a hundred or two of these lamp-men. This is Hindustan’s substitute for lamps and candlesticks! If their rulers and Begs have work at night needing candles, these dirty lamp-men bring these lamps, go close up and stand there.

‘Except their large rivers and their standing-waters which flow in ravines or hollows (there are no waters). There are no remaining waters in their gardens or residences (imaratlar). These residences have no charm, air, regularity or symmetry.

‘Peasants and people of low standing go about naked. They tie on a thing called (lunguta) a decency-clout which hangs two spans below the navel. From the tie of this pendent decency-clout, another clout is passed between the thighs and made fast behind. Women also tie on a cloth (lung), one-half of which goes round the waist; the other is thrown over the head.

(Excerpts taken from Baburnama (London, 1922) translated by Annete Beveridge).




@ChristJohnny and other low IQ ceca virus will have to agree on these observations.

it also explains why over 70% of Malaysia's gangsters are these wretched low IQ ah nehs

Bukit Aman's CID director Datuk Hadi Ho Abdullah said that in 2013 about 70 per cent of the 40,000 suspected gang members in the country of 28 million were Indian

Bukit Aman's CID director Datuk Hadi Ho Abdullah pointed out that about 70% of gang members in the country are Indians, with Chinese and Malays making up the remaining 25% and 4.77% respectively.


IQ & Race

Oh my this is

 

[mudhatter]

Ibn Battuta on CECA virus, who were ruled by their Muslim masters at the time.


In 1341 Ibn Battuta set out from Delhi at the head of a group bound for China. Gifts from Muhammad Tughluq to the Mongol Emperor included 200 Hindu slaves, singers and dancers, 15 pages (boy servants), 100 horses, and great amounts of cloth, dishes, and swords. There were about 1,000 soldiers under his command to protect the treasure and supplies until they could board ships to China.

A few days outside of Delhi the group was attacked by about 4,000 Hindu rebels. Although vastly outnumbered, Ibn Battuta claimed that they defeated the rebels easily. Later, there was another attack and Ibn Battuta was separated from his companions. Suddenly a force of Hindus jumped out of the woods. Ten horsemen chased him at full gallop across the fields. He was able to outride three of them, and then hid from the rest in a deep ditch. After escaping, he was again confronted, this time by forty Hindus who robbed him of everything except his shirt, pants, and cloak. Some robbers kept their prisoner in a cave overnight and planned his death in the morning. Fortunately, Ibn Battuta (who now had almost nothing more to rob), was able to convince his captors to let him go in exchange for his clothes.

Eight days later, exhausted, barefooted and wearing nothing but his trousers, Ibn Battuta was rescued by a Muslim who carried him to a village. Two days later he rejoined the party and was ready to proceed on his original mission to China.


...

Ibn Battuta was now alone, penniless, and ashamed - a failure as the leader for the trip to China for the Sultan of Delhi - but lucky to be alive. There was still a chance that he could catch up with the other ship, so he tried to track it down. After ten days he arrived in another port and waited for the ship which never turned up. (About three months later he learned that it had reached Indonesia and was seized by an "infidel" (i.e. non-Muslim) king of Sumatra. The slave-woman who was carrying Ibn Battuta's child had died. His other slaves and his possessions were taken by the king of Sumatra.)

....

 

[mudhatter]

Since Muslims dominated much of the known world, a quick glance at the travel route taken by Ibn Battuta and the fact that most (maybe >80%?) of those territories were ruled by Muslims or Muslim majority, it was not a surprise that even earlier Arab, Muslim traveller and diplomat Ahmad ibn Fadhlan had also travelled to the Volga and met Vikings. His observations on Vikings merit further discussion.

AHMAD IBN FADLAN​

In other words, there was a lot of cultural exchange going on, and into this world stepped Ahmad ibn Fadlan, an emissary of the Caliph of Baghdad. Ibn Fadlan was a scholar and intellectual, an expert in the finer points of Islamic law, and in the late 10th Century he was deployed by the Caliph as part of a delegation to the Volga Bulgars – ancestors of contemporary Bulgarians who settled in parts of modern-day Russia, and who had converted to Islam.
It proved to be a truly epic odyssey for Ibn Fadlan and his fellow delegates, who followed a caravan route through modern-day Iran, past the Caspian Sea and into the vast, rolling landscapes that would one day become a part of Russia. Thousands of miles were crossed, with Ahmad Ibn Fadlan chronicling the journey in writings that give us a documentary-like glimpse at this bygone epoch.
In the words of Viking historian Thomas S. Noonan, “Ibn Fadlan was unique… He was there, and you can trace his exact path. He describes how the caravans travelled, how they would cross a river. He tells you about the flora and fauna along the way. He shows us exactly how the trade functions. There is nothing else like it.”
While Ibn Fadlan came across many cultures, it’s the sections on the Viking settlers of the east that most fascinate historians today. Ibn Fadlan gives us marvellously vivid descriptions of the Norse men and women he encounters, whose wild, brutish charms bring out an amusingly conflicted range of responses from the prim and proper author.
WHILE CLEARLY AWE-STRUCK AT THE “PERFECT PHYSICAL SPECIMENS”, WHOM HE DESCRIBES AS BEING TALL LIKE PALM TREES, WITH YELLOW HAIR AND ROSY SKIN ADORNED WITH INTRICATE, BRANCHING TATTOOS, IBN FADLAN IS ALSO UTTERLY APPALLED AT THEIR STANDARDS OF HYGIENE. BEING A CONSCIENTIOUS MUSLIM DEVOTED TO DAILY CLEANING RITUALS, HE DOESN’T REACT WELL TO THE NORSE CONCEPTS OF CLEANLINESS. “THEY ARE THE FILTHIEST OF GOD’S CREATURES,” HE NOTES, BEING PARTICULARLY PUT OFF BY THEIR USE OF COMMUNAL WASHING BASINS.
The writings also describe Viking jewellery, from neck rings to glass beads adorning the Viking women, and their use of axes and swords as weapons. But perhaps the most vivid, disturbing and enlightening section relates to a Viking ship burial. Ibn Fadlan’s detailed description is the single best one we have about this core custom, charting the hedonistic, grisly aftermath of a Viking chieftain’s death.

VIKING SHIP BURIAL​

“They laid him forthwith in a grave which they covered up for ten days till they had finished cutting-out and sewing his costume,” he writes, before revealing that a slave girl is then given the “honour” of following her master into the afterlife. The process continues with much drinking and merry-making, and the slave girl eventually compelled to have ritualistic sex with several men, who say: “Tell your master I did this out of love for him.”
Then, an old woman known as the “Angel of Death” takes control of things, supervising the preparation of the ship, and the recovery of the body from its brief grave, to be adorned in its final costume and then placed on the ship with rich foods and opulent ornaments. The slave girl, lolling and “bewildered” after drinking alcohol, is then introduced to the scene, and brutally stabbed to death by the “Angel of Death” with a knife.
It’s only because of Ahmad ibn Fadlan’s eloquent writings that we even know about these dramatic details which are the bedrock of our view of the Vikings. And this is why he deserves to be far better known as an eyewitness of history.






sounds very very similar to ibn Battuta's views on nigs, based on his observations

Sultan Mansa Sulayman was visited by a party of ...[non-Muslim] negro cannibals, including one of their [princes]. They have a custom of wearing in their ears large pendants, each pendant having an opening of half a span. They wrap themselves in silk mantles, and in their country there is a gold mine. The sultan received them with honour, and gave them as his hospitality-gift a servant, a [black woman]. They killed and ate her, and having smeared their faces and hands with her blood came to the sultan to thank him. I was informed that this is their regular custom whenever they visit his court. Someone told me about them that they say that the choicest parts of women's flesh are the palm of the hand and the breast. [Fordham University Medieval Sourcebook(link is external)]

---

Ibn Battuta must have wanted to see the ruler quickly, but ten days after his arrival, he reported that became seriously ill after eating some undercooked yams(link is external). One of his traveling companions died from the same food! Ibn Battuta remained ill for two months. After he finally recovered, he went to observe a public ceremony - an audience with the sultan Mansa Sulayman.

"[The sultan] has a lofty pavilion ... where he sits most of the time... There came forth from the gate of the palace about 300 slaves, some carrying in their hands bows and others having in their hands short lances and shields... Then two saddled and bridled horses are brought, with two rams which, they say, are effective against the evil eye... The interpreter stands at the gate of the council-place wearing fine garments of silk... and on his head a turban with fringes which they have a novel way of winding... The troops, governors, young men, slaves, ... and others sit outside the council-place in a broad street where there are trees... Anyone who wishes to address the sultan addresses the interpreter and the interpreter addresses a man standing [near the sultan] and that man standing addresses the sultan." [Dunn, p. 302]

He described those who came to the palace:

"Each commander has his followers before him with their spears, bows, drums and bugles made of elephant tusks. Their instruments of music are made of reeds and calabashes, and they beat them with sticks and produce a wonderful sound. Each commander has a quiver which he places between his shoulders. He holds his bow in his hand and is mounted on a mare. Some of his men are on foot and some on mounts." [Hamdun & King, pp. 47 - 48]

At another session (part of a festival) he describes:

"The men-at-arms come with wonderful weaponry: quivers of silver and gold, swords covered with gold... Four of the amirs stand behind him to drive off flies, with ornaments of silver in their hands... .... The Interpreter brings in his four wives and his concubines, who are about a hundred in number. On them are fine clothes and on their heads they have bands of silver and gold with silver and gold apples as pendants. ... A chair is there for the Interpreter and he beats on an instrument which is made of reeds with tiny calabashes below it [a "balophon"] praising the sultan, recalling in his song his expeditions and deeds. The wives and the concubines sing with him... about thirty of his pages... each has a drum tied to him and he beats it. Then ...[come acrobats and jugglers of swords]..." [Hamdun & King, pp. 52 - 53]

Ibn Battuta ended his eight-month stay in Mali with mixed feelings. On the one hand he respected the parents' strict teaching of the Qur'an to their children: "They place fetters [ropes or chains] on their children if there appears ... a failure to memorize the Qur'an, and they are not undone until they memorize it." He also admired the safety of the empire. "Neither traveler there nor dweller has anything to fear from thief or usurper."
On the other hand he criticized many local practices:

"Female slaves and servants who went stark naked into the court for all to see; subjects who groveled before the sultan, beating the ground with their elbows and throwing dust and ashes over their heads; royal poets who romped about in feathers and bird masks."

He also complained about the small gift of bread, meat and yogurt given to him by the king.

"When I saw it I laughed, and was long astonished at their feeble intellect and their respect for mean things."

Later he complained directly to the king:

"I have journeyed to the countries of the world and met their kings. I have been four months in your country without your giving me a reception gift or anything else. What shall I say of you in the presence of other sultans?" [Dunn, p. 300, 303]

That evidently made a difference, though it is hard to know what the locals thought of their demanding guest.

"Then the sultan ordered a house for me in which I stayed and he fixed an allowance for me... He was gracious to me at my departure, to the extent of giving me one hundred mithqals of gold." [Hamdun and King, p. 46]

On his return trip, Ibn Battuta continued to explore parts of Mali. He went to Timbuktu, a town that was just beginning to flower as a center of Islamic scholarship and trade. Mansa Musa himself had a mosque built there. But Ibn Battuta was evidently not very impressed with Timbuktu - a city that would become great in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries.

 

[mudhatter]

this thread might be better for these historical gems

great info

When Ibn Battuta or Marco Polo visited Tiongkok, Mongols ruled over them. Mongols also conquered Central Asia (Uzbekistan, turkmenistan etc), Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iran, Iraq, and partially Syria, Turkey, Armenia, Georgia


They also ruled over much of Russia, Eastern Europe all the way to Poland, Hungary or Ukraine?


But they failed - on land - in two major regions or countries.

One was Masr/Egypt. Mongols were whacked senseless at the Battle of Ayn Jalut and defeated decisively.
Since then, it was one step back until another before Mongols were completely routed from Syria. at the battle of Elbistan, Egyptian Mamluks (Turkic Slaves) defeated Mongols in present day Turkey/Anatolia/Asia Minor.

The other fortress of sort that stood against Mongol incursions like a rock was Delhi Sultanate which supposedly defeated Mongols some 22 times until Mongols realized the futility of attacking Muslim ruled Delhi Sultanate.

Afghanistan or Pakistan, Iran or Iraq or Syria, Anatolia were conquered, subjugated or vassalized, same happened to central asia. what stood out was these two fortresses of Islamic world and that is why Ibn Battuta heaped praise on both Egypt and Muslim ruled Delhi Sultanate.

he hardly lavished any praise on Persia (ravaged by Mongols and totally, entirely subjugated; the city of Tabriz, Azeri territory, from the region which the turkic donkey Khamenei hails ancestry as a Turkic azeri, surrendered peacefully, meekly, quietly as a full on surrender monkey).

Ibn Battuta was dismissive of Hindus, also dismissive of polytheist or pagan tiong traditions. He did not hold infidel / non Muslim Sumatra/Indonesia in high regard and treated the nig afros from subsaharan africa with disdain. much of his evaluations are found in his accounts Rihla .

Yet, in Greek orthodogs Constantinopole, present day Istanbul, ibn Battuta was full of praise for these infidels having met its emperor/supremo. having observed its inhabitants, architecture, urban layout, technology, cuisine and culture, he held them in high regard


it seems quite clear to me that despite orientalist propaganda pushed by evil quarters with vested interests, we can safely say that Angus Maddison's unsupported, rather questionable estimates of GDP of countries and regions from 2000 years ago to the present day are an exercise in futility and no more reliable than fortune telling.

For one, the concept of GDP did not exist centuries earlier. Moreover, most countries and regions of the world hardly ever carried out surveys, making it doubly as hard to estimate their populations. On top of that, Angus Maddison's crude estimates which are as unreliable as fortune teller's predictions assume that peoples and countries, regions and territories around the world were equally as rich, equally as advanced, equally as prosperous, equally as safe, equally as knowledgeable, equally as satisfied, dignified, sophisticated and glorious.

This assumption of Angus Maddison's could hardly be farther from the truth.

As we can read from the accounts of such travellers as Ibn Battuta, Zheng He, Marco Polo or Ibn Fadlan (who had reached the Volgas and by some accounts, met Vikings/Nordics who he was hardly impressed with for their lack of manners, cultures, civilized etiquette, lack of propriety and intellect. It wouldn't be wrong to say Ibn Battuta's impression of the negros and Ibn Fadlan's impression of the Vikings/Nordics were mirror images of one another.


It is for this exact reason that Muslims of yore, of centuries past, never went ahead on a civilizing mission in Subsaharan Africa all the way to what is now called the Cape of Good Hope, in much the same way that those glorious forebearers of much of today's modern civilization never went ahead on a civilizing mission all the way to the Lapland or the farthest region of Viking/Nordic territories.

If you notice, all of the advanced ,most prosperous, sophisticated, developed civilizations of yore in Europe and Africa clustred around the North Africa, Middle East, Southern Europe region. That may also be called the Mediterranean region. The Romans and Greeks were certainly of Mediterranean origin more than Viking/ Anglo/ Celtic/ Bavarian origin for the most part. Egyptians, Moroccans, Tunisians, Syrians, Iraqis, Iranians, Anatolians can hardly be called Africans in the Subsaharan African sense.

Angus Maddison's crude estimates, as unreliable as a fortunate teller's predictions, can hardly be used to justfy the dubious claim that Tiongs or CECA were the two richest economies of the planet for the last 2000 years. There is no documented evidence for this apart from hearsay.

We do have evidence that Ibn Battuta heaped praise on Cairo, Al Qahirah, and considered it the biggest city on Earth outside Tiongkok, where Hangchow was considered the biggest city..




Alexandria, Egypt

Ibn Battuta was very impressed with Alexandria. Later he said it was one of the five most magnificent places he ever visited. At this time Alexandria was a busy harbor firmly controlled by Egypt's Mamluk warrior caste who had governed that country and Syria as a united kingdom since 1260. It was the Mamluks (Mamluk means "slave") who took over the rule of Egypt from their "masters", and were able to defeat the Mongols who had taken over Baghdad and other parts of the Islamic Empire.

Ibn Battuta spent several weeks in this busy port and saw such sights as the Pharos Lighthouse(link is external), one of the "Seven Wonders of the Ancient World" - which was pretty much falling apart at that time.

It was here that he tells of achievements and miracles of several scholars and mystics - include a Sufi mystic who predicted that the young pilgrim would travel and meet fellow Sufis in India and China.

"I was amazed at his prediction, and the idea of going to these countries having been cast into my mind, my wanderings never ceased until I had met these three that he named and conveyed his greeting to them." [Gibb, p. 24]

Ibn Battuta visited other cities on the Nile Delta, and continued on to Cairo (or "al-Qahirah" - "the Victorious") founded in the 10th century by the Fatimid dynasty. On his way he passed the pyramids of Giza,




"I arrived ... at the city of Cairo, mother of cities ... mistress of broad provinces and fruitful lands, boundless in multitude of buildings, peerless in beauty and splendor, the meeting-place of comer and goer, the stopping-place of feeble and strong. ...She [Cairo] surges as the waves of the sea with her throngs of folk and can scarce contain them..." [Gibb, vol. I, p. 41].


Cairo, Egypt
Life inside the walled city was crowded and frantic. The narrow streets were filled with people, camels, and donkeys and lined with thousands of shops and markets. Armies of peddlers and vendors also jammed the streets.
Ibn Battuta goes on to describe the city's many mosques, colleges, hospitals, and convents which housed the poor. They were built by the amirs (military commanders) who competed "with one another in charitable works and the founding of mosques and religious houses." [Gibb, vol. I, p. 54] Visit the Gallery to see some of the buildings he saw.
Ibn Battuta was particularly impressed with a maristan, or hospital, for its beauty and for its service to the sick. Such hospitals demonstrated Islamic commitment to "charity", one of the Five Pillars of Islam. A later traveler echoed this enthusiasm:

"Cubicles for patients were ranged round two courts, and at the sides of another quadrangle were wards, lecture rooms, library, baths, dispensary, and every necessary appliance of those days of surgical science. There was even music to cheer the sufferers; while reader of the Koran afforded the consolations of the faith. Rich and poor were treated alike, without fees, and sixty orphans were supported and educated in the neighboring school." [Lane-Poole, Story of Cairo, quoted in Dunn, p. 50.]

Nile Trip
Ibn Battuta stayed in Cairo about one month, but he decided to proceed to Mecca on his own by way of Upper Egypt to the Red Sea port of 'Aydhad and from there by ship to Jidda on the Arabian coast. This was generally a safe route under the protection of the Sultan, but it took longer and was less traveled than the route across the Sinai. Ibn Battuta was probably interested in being a tourist again and chose this route.
His trip up the Nile took him almost three weeks. He traveled by land rather than on the river, and along the way he lodged at the homes of scholars, qadis (judges), and Sufis or in college dormitories.
He observed the Nile which usually floods in June and described its importance to the economy and taxation of Egypt.

---

---

"If the rise amounts to 16 cubits*, the land-tax is payable in full. ... If it reaches 18 cubits it does damage to their farmland and causes an outbreak of the plague. If the Nile rises 15 cubits, the land-tax will be diminished. If it rises only 14 cubits or less, there will be prayers for rain and there is great misery." [abridged from Gibb, p. 51.]

* a cubit is an ancient measure from the finger to the elbow of an average person or about 18 - 20 inches.
His trip was without major incident. However, he does write about a minor incident showing his attitudes toward modesty:

"One day I entered the bath-house... and found men in it wearing no covering. This appeared a shocking thing to me, and I went to the governor and informed him of it. He told me not to leave and ordered the [owners] of the bath-houses to be brought before him. Articles were formally drawn up making them subject to penalties if any person should enter a bath without a waist-wrapper, and the governor behaved to them with the greatest severity, after which I took leave of him." [Gibb, p. 63.]

Another incident in the town of Hiw was prophetic. Here he met a holy man, a descendant of the Prophet Muhammad, who prophesied that he would not make his first pilgrimage except by the road through Syria. Ibn Battuta ignored the omen, and continued on his way.
Leaving the Nile, he set out on camel with a party of Bedouin Arabs toward the Red Sea, which took about 15 days. Here, he found that the local ruling family was in revolt against the Mamluk governor. They had sunk some ships and threatened further violence. So Ibn Battuta was forced to retrace his steps and proceed back to Cairo and take a northern route to Mecca after all. (Just as prophesied.) The trip back did not take long - eight days, and by ship this time.
Take a side trip here to find out more about the Mamluks - "slave" rulers of Egypt.
Surprisingly, he stayed only one night in Cairo before setting out on the second part of his trip - not directly to Mecca, but to Damascus, Syria. (Damascus was a kind of second capital of the Mamluk Empire.) The Mamluks protected this route, and Ibn Battuta decided to take this northeastward course.
Trade was the life-blood of the Mamluk Empire, and caravanserai ("hotels" for caravan travelers) were built to encourage trade. One caravanserai for Syrian merchants had 360 lodgings above the storerooms and enough space for 4,000 guests at a time! Ibn Battuta would be staying at places like this built along the main trade routes.

​

 

[mudhatter]

Ibn Battuta also visited such southern CECA territories and cities as , Calicut Malabar. He also travelled to the countries of Muslim ruled Bengal, assam, Maldives and Ceylon apart from India, which was ruled by various Muslim Sultans in various regions but the most prominent of them was probably the Sultan of Delhi. In other words, CECA virus were well and truly subjects and entirely dominated by their Muslim masters. We find no mention of any notable native CECA virus king, emperor or royal in his accounts.

Legendary emperor Babur's accounts of CECA virus are also of immense significance. Since he went on to found the glorious Mughal empire that would lord over CECA virus for many more centuries until CECA would change masters and bow towards Queen Victoria in London, we can not ignore legendary emperor Babur's evaluation of CECA virus.

There is hardly any reason to believe Angus Maddison's crude estimates are any more reliable than Kim Jong Un or Eunuch Loong published stats.

While Ibn Battuta was not entirely dismissive of Muslim ruled Bengal, Maldives or Mongol ruled Persia, he was not full of praise for them. His higest praise, we might rightly estimate, was reserved for Egypt.

Honorable mentions go to Tiongs, but also they were kafir and behaved like polytheist pagans which Ibn Battuta found disgusting at times. Same is true of Constantinopole to a lesser degree, the novelty and charm was less pronounced for him in Greek orthodog Constantinopole. But also the grandeur and sophistication, the allure was also markedly less.

Apparently, perpetual loser Iranians were reduced from an estimated 2.5 million people in Persia to a mere 250,000 (10% of original popn) by the Mongols, who would once again ravage Iran in the coming centuries thanks to Tamerlane/Timur the Lame.

Perpetual loser Iranians quite naturally find affinity with their eastern neighbours and brothers CECA (including Pakis). Perpetual losers of the world band together.

 

[mudhatter]

From orientalist (therefore, anti Islamic, anti Muslim, and pro-Western, likely radical Zionist terrorist) author H.A.R. Gibb's "The Travels of Ibn Battuta, A.D. 1325-1354 Volume I)

 

[mudhatter]

From same, decidedly biased, anti Islamic, anti Muslim, radical Western, extremist Zionist source in English language

According to Ibn Battuta, The Nile is one of the five great rivers of the world, which are the Nile, Euphrates, Tigris, Saihun [Syr Darya] and Jaihun [Amu Darya]; five other rivers rival these, the river
of Sind, which is called Panj Ab [i.e. Five Rivers], the river of
Hindustan which is called the Kank [or Gang, i.e. Ganges]—
to it the Hindus go on pilgrimage, and when they burn their
dead they throw the ashes of them into it, and they say that
it comes from Paradise—the river Jun, also in Hindustan, 154
the river Itil [Volga] in the Qifjaq [Kipchak] steppe, on the
shore of which is the city of al-Sara, and the river Saru155 in
the land of al-Khita [Cathay], on the banks of which is the
city of Khan-Baliq [Peking], whence it descends to the city
so of al-Khansa [Hang-chow] and from there to | the city of
al-Zaitun [Zayton] in the land of China. We shall speak of all
these in their proper places, if God will. Some distance below
Cairo the Nile divides into three sections,156 and none of
these streams can be crossed except by boat, winter or
summer. The inhabitants of every township have canals led
off the Nile; when it is in flood it fills these and they inundate
the cultivated fields.


Five greatest rivers in the world

1. Nile - Egypt
2. Euphrates - Iraq, Syria
3. Tigris - Iraq, Syria
4. Amu Darya - Central Asia incl Uzbekistan
5. Syr Darya - Central Asia incl Uzbekistan

It is only natural that the most advanced, most prosperous, most developed, most populous, bustling cities, metropolises, centres of learning and trade, commerce and industry, scientific and technological progress, of spiritual enlightenment and giving and receiving, of exchanges and of realizing lofty human ideals would be clustered around all of these 5 rivers.

Of the other 5 minor rivers mentioned, one is in present day Pakistan (Indus), two in present day CECA virus territory that was ruled by Muslims at that time, all the way from northern regions by the Sultanate of Delhi (the emperor was Muhammad bin Tughluq, at that time) down to the South in such places as Calicut or Malabar, where Ibn Battuta encountered many a wealthy Muslim businessman who had established trade ties, mosques, charities, madrasas and were potentates in their region. One such Muslim potentate is whom Ibn Battuta sought assistance from in the southern regions of present day CECA virus territory after he had been looted by Hindutva savages and when Ibn Battuta was concerned about going back to Delhi, not knowing how the irate Sultan Muhammad bin Tughluq might react. With assistance of a regional Muslim potentate in the southern region of present day CECA virus territory, he made his way to nearby Maldives where he also sojourned and lived for quite some time (a few years, maybe?)

Of the five greatest rivers in the world, all five were in Muslim majority regions. That is expected since most of the known world was dominated by Muslim rulers or were Muslim majority regions for much of the last 1400 years. Things only began to change slowly for European crusading fanatic extremists with the discovery of the Americas with its immense natural resources and mostly tribal, less advanced communities of Indians/Red Indians.

Of the five minor rivers in the world, one was in present day Pakistan, two in present day CECA virus territory which was then ruled by Muslims in almost its entirety, one was in present day Russia and one in Tiongkok.

These facts also put paid to much of Angus Maddison's unsupported and entirely unscientific estimates on the populations, and thus GDPs, of countries and regions for the last 2000 years. His unscientific method asssumes that all countries, regions and peoples were equally as advanced, equally as rich, equally as prosperous, well to do, sophisticated, diligent, free of diseases, needs, privations or other maladies that might have been common in those times.

 

[mudhatter]

From orientalist (therefore, anti Islamic, anti Muslim, and pro-Western, likely radical Zionist terrorist) author H.A.R. Gibb's "The Travels of Ibn Battuta, A.D. 1325-1354 Volume I)

 

[mudhatter]

We can see clearly that although no such concept as GDP was recognized yet, the countries of the Muslim world were particularly rich, wealthy, affluent, well-to-do.

This is seen in the manner that Sufis scholars were housed, clothed, fed, paid and cared for.

This is seen in the estimated daily revenues of a single Maristan.

This is seen in the generosity of one out of many Qadis who would pay charities to anyone who asked, to any amount as he desired and stipulated according to the requirement and expectation of the needy.

 

[mudhatter]

As we have seen before here and elsewhere, CECA virus never achieved greatness in history.

The legendary emperor Babur, the founder of the Mughal Empire summed it up nicely and eloquently in his memoirs, Baburnama.

‘Hindustan is a country of few charms. Its people have no good looks; of social intercourse, paying and receiving visits there is none; of genius and capacity none; of manners none; in handicraft and work there is no form or symmetry, method or quality; there are no good horses, no good dogs, no grapes, muskmelons or first-rate fruits, no ice or cold water, no good bread or cooked food in the bazaars, no hot-baths, no colleges, no candles, torches or candlesticks.

‘In place of candle and torch, they have a great dirty gang they call lamp-men (diwati), who in the left hand hold a smallish wooden tripod to one corner of which a thing like the top of a candlestick is fixed, having a wick in it about as thick as the thumb. In the right hand they hold a gourd, through a narrow slit made in which oil is let to trickle in a thin thread when the wick needs it.

‘The rich keep a hundred or two of these lamp-men. This is Hindustan’s substitute for lamps and candlesticks! If their rulers and Begs have work at night needing candles, these dirty lamp-men bring these lamps, go close up and stand there.

‘Except their large rivers and their standing-waters which flow in ravines or hollows (there are no waters). There are no remaining waters in their gardens or residences (imaratlar). These residences have no charm, air, regularity or symmetry.

‘Peasants and people of low standing go about naked. They tie on a thing called (lunguta) a decency-clout which hangs two spans below the navel. From the tie of this pendent decency-clout, another clout is passed between the thighs and made fast behind. Women also tie on a cloth (lung), one-half of which goes round the waist; the other is thrown over the head.
(Excerpts taken from Baburnama (London, 1922) translated by Annete Beveridge).





As such, there is no doubt whatsoever that in terms of intellect, civilization (or lack of it), architecture, philosophy, sciences, technologies, empires, urban and rural development, intellectual progress, the native Hindus have always been good for nothing.

This is exactly why in the only region in the world - ASEAN - said to have been thoroughly influenced by CECA virus, well except for vietcongs who were conquered and ruled by Tiongs, there is no history of intellect, civilization, brains, talent, architecture, scientific method, philosophy, great empires, infrastructure, inventions, medical progress, progress in biological, life sciences, agriculture, communications, military sciences, shipbuilding and seafaring, navigation, astronomy, chemistry, metallurgy, physics, mathematics, or any of the many intellectual endeavours that differentiate human beings from beasts.

That is also exactly why ASEAN countries today have a GDP bigger than Russia, based on any method of measurement you would like to use, but they can not even force Myanmar to change course on the Rohingya issue, Tiongkok to change course on the South China Sea issue, failed to dissuade Ozzies in East Timor issue and also failed to influence events in CECA territory at all.

In contrast, Russkies are fighting - rather poorly I might say - a proxy war against all of NATO in Ukraine where NATO uses Ukrainians as sacrificial lambs.

They also - brutally - changed the course of events in Syria even risking World War III against Yankees as reported in som sources (informally) and ensured that Assad regime, unpopular and brutal an autocrat and a dynastic dictator from a minority (Alawi) community he might be, but remains in power thanks to Russkie military brutality. Not due to Iranian, not due to Zionist terrorist, not due to Turkish, not due to Egyptian, not due to Saudi, not due to Yankee military but solely due to Russkie military might - brutal as it was.

Why? Weren't we often told that all that matters in estimating the national power of a country is its GDP?

Why are ASEAN states so feeble, backard, intellectually deficient and powerless in comparison to Russia, which has and had a considerably smaller economy than ASEAN by all methods of measurements?

IQ and Race

+

CECA inferior culture at work.

CECA cultural influence = the infamous Hindu rate of growth. Hindu IQ. Hindu work ethic. Cow dung cake and cow urine consumption for medicinal purposes. Suttee. Kamasutra. Temple prostitutes. Caste system. smelly smelly stinky CECA virus.

 

[mudhatter]

It must be added that perpetual loser Iranians, particularly those from the city of Tabriz and around it, are infamous surrender monkeys.


When the Mongols invaded Iran for the first time, Iranian regime of the time was as boastful and dismissive of the Mongols as they are today of the Yankees. However, the Mongols swiftly decapitated the Iranian regime and mass slaughtered Iranians, reducing their population from a supposed 2.5 million to merely 10% of the original value, to a mere 0.25 million.

As mentioned before, the city of Tabriz, populated by ethnically Turkic donkeys called Azeris, surrendered promptly and avoided massacres. This is a matter of pride and glory for them. Point to be noted is that Iran's current supreme leader Turkic donkey Khamenei is also Azeri.

We are all better off reading and learning about the history of Tabriz against the Mongols. That will tell us a lot about their character.

 

[mudhatter]

Ironically, while at the time of Ibn Battuta, the two strong citadels against Mongol kafir morons worldwide was Islamic Egypt led by Muslims and Delhi Sultanate led by Muslims, today these two regions are led by kuffar either directly or through proxy.

Egyptian dictator Sisi came to power at the behest of Al Saud and Al Nahyan regimes, who continue to fund them so that the regime does not go bankrupt. And these two monarchies are regional vassals of Yankees, ergo, the Egyptian Al Sisi dictatorship is a vassal of the Kuffar.

As for CECA virus, thanks to serving their anglo masters loyally for two centuries, the CECA saffron terrorist, kafir virulently anti Islamic polytheist terrorists were awarded control over much of the erstwhile Mughal Empire by their ang moh British masters.

Ironically, those two strongholds against kuffar Mongols are now strongholds of the kuffar - either through proxy or otherwise.

 

[eatshitndie]

what about cowdung powered lamps in hindustan?

 

[mudhatter]

what about cowdung powered lamps in hindustan?

Saffron terrorists would claim it was invented by CECA.They would not be wrong in claiming that either.

 

[eatshitndie]

Saffron terrorists would claim it was invented by CECA.They would not be wrong in claiming that either.

https://www.breitbart.com/asia/2020...ung-lamps-diwali-boycott-chinese-made-lights/