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一步千年，“最后的沙漠部落”迁入新家园
2019-04-18 14:49:16 来源： 新华网
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新华社记者白佳丽、高晗、宿传义、胡虎虎
依明乘坐的汽车行驶在塔克拉玛干沙漠中。从依明家坐车前往于田县城，全程不足300公里，越野车需行驶7小时左右（3月19日无人机拍摄）。新华社记者 胡虎虎 摄
在人迹罕至的世界第二大流动沙漠塔克拉玛干腹地，一群曾被视为“野人”“遗民”的克里雅人，百年来隐居于此。
在漫溢的河道和散布的胡杨间牧羊为生，被劳累压弯了腰，被风沙磨蚀着肌体，“半原始”的生活里，时光仿佛停滞不前。
拼版照片：上图为地处沙漠腹地的新疆于田县达里雅布依乡一处村落（2018年9月6日无人机拍摄）；下图为建设中的达里雅布依小镇易地扶贫安置点（2018年9月8日无人机拍摄）。新华社记者 胡虎虎 摄
随着扶贫攻坚的不断深入，这个地处新疆集中连片特困地区的“最后沙漠部落”开始迁离，挥别落后的生产生活方式，迁入通水通电通路的现代新村。
苍茫大漠中，一场历史性的迁徙正在拉开序幕。
遗落沙海的“野人部落”
这是在依明家附近拍摄的位于塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地的胡杨（3月18日摄）。新华社记者 胡虎虎 摄依明·买提库尔班世代生活在“死亡之海”塔克拉玛干沙漠的中心。
这片沙漠北抵天山，南至昆仑，占据了几乎整个新疆的南部。有赖于一条发源于昆仑山、延伸至沙漠中心的克里雅河庇佑，依明的先辈们百年来散居于河流尾闾。
河流所到之处，沙漠里奇迹般生出胡杨、红柳来，沙洲被植物割据成斑块状。而河流因地转偏向力向东飘移，或是水源不足断流之处，沙漠便以最粗暴、快速的方式夺回领地，挣扎生存的文明顷刻便被鲸吞。
1989年，于田县在此设立达里雅布依乡，乡政府位于村民相对聚居区。
拼版照片：上图为新疆于田县达里雅布依乡小学的学生走在校园里（2018年9月5日摄）；下图为学生们在达里雅布依小镇易地扶贫安置点的新校舍前（2019年3月20日摄）。新华社记者 胡虎虎 摄
但因大漠阻隔、极度封闭，这里至今依旧与外界联系不密。即使有众多学者来到达里雅布依考察研究，但对克里雅人的来历、血统至今尚无定论。
家中面粉即将耗尽，依明骑车从约5公里外的小店购买了一袋面粉（3月17日摄）。新华社记者 胡虎虎 摄从沙漠南缘沿着几近笔直的双车道柏油路向沙漠深入90公里，就到达了达里雅布依从2017年开始建设的易地扶贫搬迁点，再往前便没有了道路。一年多以前，连这90公里的路也是没有的。
记者一行经历了陷车、迷路，在高大沙丘、胡杨枯木与河道淤泥中反复颠簸近7小时后，来到了距于田绿洲240多公里处的克里雅人家园。而过去，这条路赶着骆驼需要走13天。
拼版照片：左图为沿着克里雅河通向地处沙漠深处新疆于田县达里雅布依乡的路（3月19日无人机拍摄）；右图为从县城通往达里雅布依小镇易地扶贫安置点的柏油路（3月20日摄）。新华社记者 胡虎虎 摄
地的贫瘠程度决定了这里户与户的距离，相距最近的人家也要隔上几公里，只有这样，草木才能勉强支持赖以为生的羊群吃饱。
这些年来，现代生活方式对这里的渗透缓慢进行着。
手机开始在年轻人中普及，摩托车代替了驴子和骆驼，稍微富裕的人开始用二手皮卡车拉货赚钱，一些人家出现了洗衣机、冰箱甚至电视。这些，得益于政府以及爱心人士的关心和帮助。
依明和孩子的希望
依明在新疆于田县达里雅布依小镇易地扶贫安置点参观（3月19日摄）。新华社记者 胡虎虎 摄依明的家距离乡政府还有30多公里。在他家不远处的喀拉墩佛寺遗址壁画上，能找到他家那样的屋子——用胡杨、红柳、芦苇，以及克里雅河的淤泥盘搭而起，不用一颗钉子的“芭子房”。
从依明家高于周边的沙丘院落中看出去，克里雅河蜿蜒北去，漫出的河水缠绕包裹着院落。院落中的细沙，被妻子艾比比汗·达曼扫得干干净净。
今年，他家作为贫困户被列为搬迁对象，年底之前，他将作别眼前这幅景象。
每天晨光顺着红柳条的间隙洒在屋里，依明便起床裹上老旧的棉背心，踩着一双缝补过的、夫妻共用的粉色拖鞋出门去喂羊。
拼版照片：上图为新疆于田县达里雅布依乡的民居（2018年9月7日摄）；下图为达里雅布依小镇易地扶贫安置点的房屋（2019年3月20日摄）。新华社记者 胡虎虎 摄
3年前，依明在县城的巴扎上用140元买了一个能够报时的老年手机，家中信号微弱，他习惯把手机放在院中的胡杨树上，这棵树也被戏称为“信号树”。
虽然手机在每个整点总会大声报时，然而一家人依旧习惯日出而作、日落而息。
瘦小的他腿已明显罗圈，“80后”的他，脸上的褶皱在朝阳里十分明晰，黝黑、粗糙的手里拎着喂小羊喝水的蓝塑料桶，遍布全身的沙粒甚至裹挟了头发，整个人显得“雾蒙蒙”。
这些年，依明除了养羊，还开始学习在红柳根部嫁接风靡当地的肉苁蓉，这个新的致富手段，让一家去年的人均纯收入第一次达到了4000元。
依明家屋顶上的太阳能光伏板，是2002年中国与荷兰政府合作项目“丝绸之路光明工程”提供的，那一年依明第一次用上了电，告别了拿稀罕蜡烛与柴火照明的日子。
但是至今，他的家里还没有任何电器。因此去乡政府附近的小商店里买来的一小撮蔬菜和按“预算”宰的羊，都被他寄存在5公里外的朋友家，邻居家有冰箱。
除了日复一日的劳作，最牵绊依明的就是在县城上小学和中学的两个儿子。
在地处塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地的于田县达里雅布依乡5小队，依明的妻子在夜间做拌面（3月16日摄）。新华社记者 胡虎虎 摄4年前，依明的大儿子比拉力·依明在政府的帮助下，与达里雅布依同龄的小伙伴被送到于田县城免费就读。一年后，第二个孩子也成为其中的一员。
两兄弟每年只能在寒暑假回家。思念父母的二人在得知可能举家搬迁的消息后激动不已，因为搬迁后，他们每周都可以回家见父母，爸爸还可以去某个工厂打工。
改变，正在发生
在塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地的红柳林间，依明与妻子在分拣刚采收的大芸（3月17日摄）。新华社记者 胡虎虎 摄据乡政府统计，达里雅布依共369户1342人，2017年开始，有102户396人已经搬迁至达里雅布依小镇易地扶贫安置点，2019年年底前，又将有114户443人搬迁。
在依明父亲的眼里，越来越大的风沙，以及越来越不稳定的河水，让他茫然不知所措，他记得每年持续7个月的沙尘中，最大时他竟找不到回家的路。
依明在新疆于田县达里雅布依乡牧民课堂里学习（3月15日摄）。新华社记者 胡虎虎 摄2016年，生态恶化与脱贫攻坚的双重考虑下，于田县政府将达里雅布依搬迁提上了议程。2017年，政府投入资金修建了深入沙漠的90公里柏油路，并为贫困户建设了安置房。
“最难做的还是思想工作。我们也考虑过将他们彻底搬到县城，让他们住进楼房，但是老乡们不愿意，他们选择了如今的搬迁点。”于田县扶贫办主任唐明生说。
皮卡装车，带上家当，一户又一户人家离开久居的房子。他们将羊和大芸地托管给亲朋，并在政府的帮助下，有组织赴疆外或本地就业。每家除每人25平方米的新房外，还增加了20平方米的旅游接待标准间，以便今后达里雅布依发展特种旅游。
幼儿园、小学、医务室、饮水安全工程、车站、旅游接待中心等公共设施，也已建成或正在建设中。
依明在探望儿子的途中，已经见过了新搬迁点的样貌，不善言谈的他连续用几个“好”来描述。
官方数据显示，于田县贫困发生率高达19.3%，165个村中有114个深度贫困村。而看向更远处，是南疆沙海边串联起的集中连片特困地区，是脱贫攻坚硬骨头。
“沙漠是风景，但是无法提供牧民所需要的生产生活资料，易地搬迁意味着当地牧民摆脱穷根，走向现代社会。从某种意义上说，这一步跨越了千年。”长期关注达里雅布依的新疆大学人文学院院长刘正江教授说。
One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
2019-04-18 14:49:16 Source: Xinhuanet
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Xinhua News Agency, Urumqi, April 18th Issue: One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
Xinhua News Agency reporter Bai Jiali, Gao Wei, Su Chuanyi, Hu Huhu
(Xinhua all the headlines · graphic interaction) (1) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
Yiming’s car is driving in the Taklimakan Desert. From Yiming's home to Yutian County, the whole journey is less than 300 kilometers, and the off-road vehicle needs to travel for about 7 hours (March 19, drone shooting). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
In the hinterland of the world's second largest mobile desert, the Taklimakan, a group of Kerry who have been regarded as "wild people" and "survivors" have lived here for centuries.
In the overflowing rivers and scattered Populus euphratica, she lived for a living, was crushed by the waist, and was eroded by the sand. In the "semi-primitive" life, time seems to be stagnant.
(Xinhua all the headlines · graphic interaction) (8) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
Imitation photo: The picture above shows a village in Dali Yabuyi Township, Yutian County, Xinjiang, in the desert hinterland (taken by the drone on September 6, 2018); the picture below shows the town of Dali Yabuyi in the construction. Poverty alleviation resettlement site (taken by drone on September 8, 2018). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
With the continuous deepening of poverty alleviation, the “Last Desert Tribe”, which is located in the special poverty-stricken areas of Xinjiang, began to move away, bid farewell to the backward production and lifestyle, and moved into the modern new village of Tongshui.
In the vast desert, a historic migration is beginning.
The Savage Tribe left behind in the sand
(Xinhua all the headlines, graphic interaction) (2) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
This is the Populus euphratica (photo taken on March 18th) in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert near Yiming. Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
Yiming·Hatiqulban lived in the center of the Taklimakan Desert in the “Sea of Death”.
This desert reaches the Tianshan Mountains in the north and Kunlun in the south, occupying almost the entire southern part of Xinjiang. It depends on a Kerry River that originated in the Kunlun Mountains and extended to the center of the desert. Yiming’s ancestors lived in the river’s tail for centuries.
Wherever the river goes, miracles like poplars and red willows come out in the desert, and the sandbars are cut into patches by plants. When the river drifts to the east due to the shift of the direction of the earth, or the water source is insufficient to break, the desert reclaims the territory in the most rude and rapid way, and the civilization that struggles to survive is instantly swallowed.
In 1989, Yuli County established Dali Yabuyi Township here, and the township government is located in a relatively concentrated area of villagers.
(Xinhua all the headlines · graphic interaction) (9) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
Imitation photo: The picture above shows the students of Dali Yabuyi Township Primary School in Yutian County, Xinjiang, on campus (photo taken on September 5, 2018); the picture below shows the students in the poverty-stricken resettlement site of the town of Dali Yabuyi. Before the new school building (photo taken on March 20, 2019). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
However, due to the obstacles of the desert and the extreme closure, it is still intimately connected with the outside world. Even though there are many scholars who come to Riyabuyi to study and study, the origins and bloodlines of the Kerry people are still inconclusive.
(Xinhua all the headlines · graphic interaction) (3) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
The flour in the home is about to run out. Yiming bought a bag of flour from a small shop about 5 kilometers away (photo taken on March 17th). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
From the southern edge of the desert along the nearly straight two-lane asphalt road to the desert for 90 kilometers, it reached the relocation of the place where Dali Yabuyi began construction in 2017, and there is no road ahead. More than a year ago, even the 90-kilometer road was not available.
The reporter and his team experienced a trapped car and lost their way. After nearly 7 hours of repeated bumps in the tall sand dunes, Populus euphratica and river silt, they came to the Keriya homes more than 240 kilometers away from Yutian Oasis. In the past, this road took 13 days to drive a camel.
(Xinhua all the headlines, graphic interaction) (10) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
Imposition photo: The picture on the left shows the road along the Kyre River to the Dali Yabuyi Township, Yutian County, Xinjiang (the drone was taken on March 19); the right picture shows the road from the county to Dali. The asphalt road of the poverty-stricken resettlement site in the town of Yabuyi (photo taken on March 20). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
The degree of poverty in the land determines the distance between households and households. The nearest people are also separated by a few kilometers. Only in this way can the grasses barely support the sheep that are dependent on them for their fullness.
Over the years, modern lifestyles have been slow to penetrate here.
Mobile phones began to spread among young people, motorcycles replaced scorpions and camels, and slightly wealthy people began to use second-hand pickup trucks to make money. Some people appeared in washing machines, refrigerators and even television. These are thanks to the care and help of the government and caring people.
Yi Ming and the child's hope
(Xinhua all the headlines · graphic interaction) (4) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
Yiming visited the poverty alleviation resettlement site in the town of Dali Yabuyi, Yutian County, Xinjiang (photo taken on March 19). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
Yiming’s home is more than 30 kilometers away from the township government. On the murals of the Kaladun Buddhist temple not far from his home, you can find a house like his home - with the poplar, red willow, reed, and the muddy plate of the Kerry River, without a nail ovary".
Seen from the courtyard of the dunes in the Yiming family above the surrounding area, the Krya River went north and the river was wrapped around the courtyard. The fine sand in the courtyard was cleaned by his wife Abby Bihan Daman.
This year, his family was listed as a relocation target as a poor household. Before the end of the year, he will make a difference.
Every morning, the morning light slid into the room along the gap of the red wicker. Yiming got up and wrapped up the old cotton vest, stepping on the pair of stitched pink slippers shared by the husband and wife to go out to feed the sheep.
(Xinhua all the headlines, graphic interaction) (11) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
Imitation photo: The picture above shows the dwellings of Dali Yabuyi Township, Yutian County, Xinjiang (photo taken on September 7, 2018); the picture below shows the houses of the poverty alleviation resettlement site in the town of Dali Yabuyi (March 20, 2019) Photo). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
Three years ago, Yiming bought an old mobile phone that can be used for timekeeping on the Bazaar in the county. The signal at the home was weak. He used to put the mobile phone on the poplar tree in the courtyard. This tree was also dubbed " Signal tree."
Although the mobile phone will always report loudly at every hour, the family is still used to the sunrise and the sunset.
His thin legs are obviously round, and he is very clear in the sun after the "80s". The dark, rough hands are holding blue plastic buckets that feed the lambs, and even the whole body is covered with sand. The hair, the whole person looks "foggy".
In the past few years, in addition to raising sheep, Yiming began to learn to graft the local Cistanche in the roots of the red willow. This new means of getting rich has made the per capita net income of a family last year reach 4,000 yuan.
The solar photovoltaic panels on the roof of Yiming’s house were provided by the “Silk Road Bright Project” in cooperation with the Chinese government in 2002. In the same year, Yiming used electricity for the first time, bidding farewell to the rare candles and firewood lighting. Days.
But so far, there is no electrical appliance in his home. Therefore, a small amount of vegetables bought in a small shop near the township government and sheep slaughtered by the "budget" were kept by a friend's house 5 kilometers away, and the neighbor's house had a refrigerator.
In addition to day-to-day work, the most important thing is to have two sons in primary and secondary schools in the county.
(Xinhua all the headlines, graphic interaction) (5) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
In the 5th squad of Dali Yabuyi Township, Yutian County, in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert, Yiming’s wife made noodles at night (photo taken on March 16). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
Four years ago, Yiming’s eldest son, Bilally Yiming, was sent to Yutian County for free with the help of the government. A year later, the second child became one of them.
The two brothers can only go home during the summer and winter vacations. The two people who missed their parents were excited when they learned that they might be relocating. Because after the relocation, they can go home every week to see their parents. Dad can also go to a factory to work.
Change, happening
(Xinhua all the headlines · graphic interaction) (6) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
In the red willow forest in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert, Yiming and his wife are sorting the newly harvested oysters (photo taken on March 17). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
According to the statistics of the township government, there are 369 households with 1,342 people in Daliyabuyi. Since 2017, 102 households with 396 people have moved to the poverty alleviation resettlement site in the town of Dali Yabuyi. Before the end of 2019, there will be 114 households with 443. People relocate.
In the eyes of Yiming’s father, the growing sands and the increasingly unstable rivers made him feel overwhelmed. He remembered that in the dust that lasted for seven months every year, he could not find it when he was the biggest. The way home.
(Xinhua all the headlines · graphic interaction) (7) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
Yi Ming studied in the classroom of herdsmen in Dali Yabuyi Township, Yutian County, Xinjiang (photo taken on March 15). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
In 2016, under the double consideration of ecological deterioration and poverty alleviation, the Yutian County government moved Dali Yabuyi to the agenda. In 2017, the government invested funds to build a 90-km asphalt road deep into the desert and built resettlement houses for poor households.
“The hardest thing to do is mental work. We also considered moving them completely to the county and letting them live in the building, but the fellows didn’t want to, they chose the current relocation point.” Tang Mingsheng, director of the Yutian County Poverty Alleviation Office said .
Pick-up trucks, bring home, and leave the house of a long-term residence in one family and one family. They hosted the sheep and the donkeys to relatives and friends, and with the help of the government, organized to work abroad or locally. In addition to the new house of 25 square meters per person, a 20-square-meter tourist reception standard room has been added to facilitate the development of special tourism in Dali Yabuyi.
Public facilities such as kindergartens, primary schools, medical offices, drinking water safety projects, stations, tourist reception centers, etc. have also been completed or under construction.
On the way to visit his son, Yiming has already seen the appearance of the new relocation point. He is not good at talking and he uses several "good" to describe.
According to official data, the incidence of poverty in Yutian County is as high as 19.3%, and there are 114 deep poor villages in 165 villages. Looking further afield, it is a concentrated and contiguous area in the south of the sand border of southern Xinjiang. It is a hard-hitting bone.
“The desert is a landscape, but it cannot provide the production and living materials that the herdsmen need. The easy relocation means that the local herders will get rid of the poor roots and move toward a modern society. In a sense, this step spans the millennium.” Long-term attention to Daliya Professor Liu Zhengjiang, dean of the School of Humanities at Xinjiang University in Buyi, said.
http://www.xinhuanet.com/politics/2019-04/18/c_1124384058.htm
一步千年，“最后的沙漠部落”迁入新家园
2019-04-18 14:49:16 来源： 新华网
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新华社乌鲁木齐4月18日电 题：一步千年，“最后的沙漠部落”迁入新家园新华社记者白佳丽、高晗、宿传义、胡虎虎
在人迹罕至的世界第二大流动沙漠塔克拉玛干腹地，一群曾被视为“野人”“遗民”的克里雅人，百年来隐居于此。
在漫溢的河道和散布的胡杨间牧羊为生，被劳累压弯了腰，被风沙磨蚀着肌体，“半原始”的生活里，时光仿佛停滞不前。
随着扶贫攻坚的不断深入，这个地处新疆集中连片特困地区的“最后沙漠部落”开始迁离，挥别落后的生产生活方式，迁入通水通电通路的现代新村。
苍茫大漠中，一场历史性的迁徙正在拉开序幕。
遗落沙海的“野人部落”
这是在依明家附近拍摄的位于塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地的胡杨（3月18日摄）。新华社记者 胡虎虎 摄
这片沙漠北抵天山，南至昆仑，占据了几乎整个新疆的南部。有赖于一条发源于昆仑山、延伸至沙漠中心的克里雅河庇佑，依明的先辈们百年来散居于河流尾闾。
河流所到之处，沙漠里奇迹般生出胡杨、红柳来，沙洲被植物割据成斑块状。而河流因地转偏向力向东飘移，或是水源不足断流之处，沙漠便以最粗暴、快速的方式夺回领地，挣扎生存的文明顷刻便被鲸吞。
1989年，于田县在此设立达里雅布依乡，乡政府位于村民相对聚居区。
但因大漠阻隔、极度封闭，这里至今依旧与外界联系不密。即使有众多学者来到达里雅布依考察研究，但对克里雅人的来历、血统至今尚无定论。
家中面粉即将耗尽，依明骑车从约5公里外的小店购买了一袋面粉（3月17日摄）。新华社记者 胡虎虎 摄
记者一行经历了陷车、迷路，在高大沙丘、胡杨枯木与河道淤泥中反复颠簸近7小时后，来到了距于田绿洲240多公里处的克里雅人家园。而过去，这条路赶着骆驼需要走13天。
地的贫瘠程度决定了这里户与户的距离，相距最近的人家也要隔上几公里，只有这样，草木才能勉强支持赖以为生的羊群吃饱。
这些年来，现代生活方式对这里的渗透缓慢进行着。
手机开始在年轻人中普及，摩托车代替了驴子和骆驼，稍微富裕的人开始用二手皮卡车拉货赚钱，一些人家出现了洗衣机、冰箱甚至电视。这些，得益于政府以及爱心人士的关心和帮助。
依明和孩子的希望
依明在新疆于田县达里雅布依小镇易地扶贫安置点参观（3月19日摄）。新华社记者 胡虎虎 摄
从依明家高于周边的沙丘院落中看出去，克里雅河蜿蜒北去，漫出的河水缠绕包裹着院落。院落中的细沙，被妻子艾比比汗·达曼扫得干干净净。
今年，他家作为贫困户被列为搬迁对象，年底之前，他将作别眼前这幅景象。
每天晨光顺着红柳条的间隙洒在屋里，依明便起床裹上老旧的棉背心，踩着一双缝补过的、夫妻共用的粉色拖鞋出门去喂羊。
3年前，依明在县城的巴扎上用140元买了一个能够报时的老年手机，家中信号微弱，他习惯把手机放在院中的胡杨树上，这棵树也被戏称为“信号树”。
虽然手机在每个整点总会大声报时，然而一家人依旧习惯日出而作、日落而息。
瘦小的他腿已明显罗圈，“80后”的他，脸上的褶皱在朝阳里十分明晰，黝黑、粗糙的手里拎着喂小羊喝水的蓝塑料桶，遍布全身的沙粒甚至裹挟了头发，整个人显得“雾蒙蒙”。
这些年，依明除了养羊，还开始学习在红柳根部嫁接风靡当地的肉苁蓉，这个新的致富手段，让一家去年的人均纯收入第一次达到了4000元。
依明家屋顶上的太阳能光伏板，是2002年中国与荷兰政府合作项目“丝绸之路光明工程”提供的，那一年依明第一次用上了电，告别了拿稀罕蜡烛与柴火照明的日子。
但是至今，他的家里还没有任何电器。因此去乡政府附近的小商店里买来的一小撮蔬菜和按“预算”宰的羊，都被他寄存在5公里外的朋友家，邻居家有冰箱。
除了日复一日的劳作，最牵绊依明的就是在县城上小学和中学的两个儿子。
在地处塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地的于田县达里雅布依乡5小队，依明的妻子在夜间做拌面（3月16日摄）。新华社记者 胡虎虎 摄
两兄弟每年只能在寒暑假回家。思念父母的二人在得知可能举家搬迁的消息后激动不已，因为搬迁后，他们每周都可以回家见父母，爸爸还可以去某个工厂打工。
改变，正在发生
在塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地的红柳林间，依明与妻子在分拣刚采收的大芸（3月17日摄）。新华社记者 胡虎虎 摄
在依明父亲的眼里，越来越大的风沙，以及越来越不稳定的河水，让他茫然不知所措，他记得每年持续7个月的沙尘中，最大时他竟找不到回家的路。
依明在新疆于田县达里雅布依乡牧民课堂里学习（3月15日摄）。新华社记者 胡虎虎 摄
“最难做的还是思想工作。我们也考虑过将他们彻底搬到县城，让他们住进楼房，但是老乡们不愿意，他们选择了如今的搬迁点。”于田县扶贫办主任唐明生说。
皮卡装车，带上家当，一户又一户人家离开久居的房子。他们将羊和大芸地托管给亲朋，并在政府的帮助下，有组织赴疆外或本地就业。每家除每人25平方米的新房外，还增加了20平方米的旅游接待标准间，以便今后达里雅布依发展特种旅游。
幼儿园、小学、医务室、饮水安全工程、车站、旅游接待中心等公共设施，也已建成或正在建设中。
依明在探望儿子的途中，已经见过了新搬迁点的样貌，不善言谈的他连续用几个“好”来描述。
官方数据显示，于田县贫困发生率高达19.3%，165个村中有114个深度贫困村。而看向更远处，是南疆沙海边串联起的集中连片特困地区，是脱贫攻坚硬骨头。
“沙漠是风景，但是无法提供牧民所需要的生产生活资料，易地搬迁意味着当地牧民摆脱穷根，走向现代社会。从某种意义上说，这一步跨越了千年。”长期关注达里雅布依的新疆大学人文学院院长刘正江教授说。
One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
2019-04-18 14:49:16 Source: Xinhuanet
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Xinhua News Agency, Urumqi, April 18th Issue: One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
Xinhua News Agency reporter Bai Jiali, Gao Wei, Su Chuanyi, Hu Huhu
(Xinhua all the headlines · graphic interaction) (1) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
Yiming’s car is driving in the Taklimakan Desert. From Yiming's home to Yutian County, the whole journey is less than 300 kilometers, and the off-road vehicle needs to travel for about 7 hours (March 19, drone shooting). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
In the hinterland of the world's second largest mobile desert, the Taklimakan, a group of Kerry who have been regarded as "wild people" and "survivors" have lived here for centuries.
In the overflowing rivers and scattered Populus euphratica, she lived for a living, was crushed by the waist, and was eroded by the sand. In the "semi-primitive" life, time seems to be stagnant.
(Xinhua all the headlines · graphic interaction) (8) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
Imitation photo: The picture above shows a village in Dali Yabuyi Township, Yutian County, Xinjiang, in the desert hinterland (taken by the drone on September 6, 2018); the picture below shows the town of Dali Yabuyi in the construction. Poverty alleviation resettlement site (taken by drone on September 8, 2018). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
With the continuous deepening of poverty alleviation, the “Last Desert Tribe”, which is located in the special poverty-stricken areas of Xinjiang, began to move away, bid farewell to the backward production and lifestyle, and moved into the modern new village of Tongshui.
In the vast desert, a historic migration is beginning.
The Savage Tribe left behind in the sand
(Xinhua all the headlines, graphic interaction) (2) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
This is the Populus euphratica (photo taken on March 18th) in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert near Yiming. Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
Yiming·Hatiqulban lived in the center of the Taklimakan Desert in the “Sea of Death”.
This desert reaches the Tianshan Mountains in the north and Kunlun in the south, occupying almost the entire southern part of Xinjiang. It depends on a Kerry River that originated in the Kunlun Mountains and extended to the center of the desert. Yiming’s ancestors lived in the river’s tail for centuries.
Wherever the river goes, miracles like poplars and red willows come out in the desert, and the sandbars are cut into patches by plants. When the river drifts to the east due to the shift of the direction of the earth, or the water source is insufficient to break, the desert reclaims the territory in the most rude and rapid way, and the civilization that struggles to survive is instantly swallowed.
In 1989, Yuli County established Dali Yabuyi Township here, and the township government is located in a relatively concentrated area of villagers.
(Xinhua all the headlines · graphic interaction) (9) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
Imitation photo: The picture above shows the students of Dali Yabuyi Township Primary School in Yutian County, Xinjiang, on campus (photo taken on September 5, 2018); the picture below shows the students in the poverty-stricken resettlement site of the town of Dali Yabuyi. Before the new school building (photo taken on March 20, 2019). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
However, due to the obstacles of the desert and the extreme closure, it is still intimately connected with the outside world. Even though there are many scholars who come to Riyabuyi to study and study, the origins and bloodlines of the Kerry people are still inconclusive.
(Xinhua all the headlines · graphic interaction) (3) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
The flour in the home is about to run out. Yiming bought a bag of flour from a small shop about 5 kilometers away (photo taken on March 17th). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
From the southern edge of the desert along the nearly straight two-lane asphalt road to the desert for 90 kilometers, it reached the relocation of the place where Dali Yabuyi began construction in 2017, and there is no road ahead. More than a year ago, even the 90-kilometer road was not available.
The reporter and his team experienced a trapped car and lost their way. After nearly 7 hours of repeated bumps in the tall sand dunes, Populus euphratica and river silt, they came to the Keriya homes more than 240 kilometers away from Yutian Oasis. In the past, this road took 13 days to drive a camel.
(Xinhua all the headlines, graphic interaction) (10) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
Imposition photo: The picture on the left shows the road along the Kyre River to the Dali Yabuyi Township, Yutian County, Xinjiang (the drone was taken on March 19); the right picture shows the road from the county to Dali. The asphalt road of the poverty-stricken resettlement site in the town of Yabuyi (photo taken on March 20). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
The degree of poverty in the land determines the distance between households and households. The nearest people are also separated by a few kilometers. Only in this way can the grasses barely support the sheep that are dependent on them for their fullness.
Over the years, modern lifestyles have been slow to penetrate here.
Mobile phones began to spread among young people, motorcycles replaced scorpions and camels, and slightly wealthy people began to use second-hand pickup trucks to make money. Some people appeared in washing machines, refrigerators and even television. These are thanks to the care and help of the government and caring people.
Yi Ming and the child's hope
(Xinhua all the headlines · graphic interaction) (4) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
Yiming visited the poverty alleviation resettlement site in the town of Dali Yabuyi, Yutian County, Xinjiang (photo taken on March 19). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
Yiming’s home is more than 30 kilometers away from the township government. On the murals of the Kaladun Buddhist temple not far from his home, you can find a house like his home - with the poplar, red willow, reed, and the muddy plate of the Kerry River, without a nail ovary".
Seen from the courtyard of the dunes in the Yiming family above the surrounding area, the Krya River went north and the river was wrapped around the courtyard. The fine sand in the courtyard was cleaned by his wife Abby Bihan Daman.
This year, his family was listed as a relocation target as a poor household. Before the end of the year, he will make a difference.
Every morning, the morning light slid into the room along the gap of the red wicker. Yiming got up and wrapped up the old cotton vest, stepping on the pair of stitched pink slippers shared by the husband and wife to go out to feed the sheep.
(Xinhua all the headlines, graphic interaction) (11) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
Imitation photo: The picture above shows the dwellings of Dali Yabuyi Township, Yutian County, Xinjiang (photo taken on September 7, 2018); the picture below shows the houses of the poverty alleviation resettlement site in the town of Dali Yabuyi (March 20, 2019) Photo). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
Three years ago, Yiming bought an old mobile phone that can be used for timekeeping on the Bazaar in the county. The signal at the home was weak. He used to put the mobile phone on the poplar tree in the courtyard. This tree was also dubbed " Signal tree."
Although the mobile phone will always report loudly at every hour, the family is still used to the sunrise and the sunset.
His thin legs are obviously round, and he is very clear in the sun after the "80s". The dark, rough hands are holding blue plastic buckets that feed the lambs, and even the whole body is covered with sand. The hair, the whole person looks "foggy".
In the past few years, in addition to raising sheep, Yiming began to learn to graft the local Cistanche in the roots of the red willow. This new means of getting rich has made the per capita net income of a family last year reach 4,000 yuan.
The solar photovoltaic panels on the roof of Yiming’s house were provided by the “Silk Road Bright Project” in cooperation with the Chinese government in 2002. In the same year, Yiming used electricity for the first time, bidding farewell to the rare candles and firewood lighting. Days.
But so far, there is no electrical appliance in his home. Therefore, a small amount of vegetables bought in a small shop near the township government and sheep slaughtered by the "budget" were kept by a friend's house 5 kilometers away, and the neighbor's house had a refrigerator.
In addition to day-to-day work, the most important thing is to have two sons in primary and secondary schools in the county.
(Xinhua all the headlines, graphic interaction) (5) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
In the 5th squad of Dali Yabuyi Township, Yutian County, in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert, Yiming’s wife made noodles at night (photo taken on March 16). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
Four years ago, Yiming’s eldest son, Bilally Yiming, was sent to Yutian County for free with the help of the government. A year later, the second child became one of them.
The two brothers can only go home during the summer and winter vacations. The two people who missed their parents were excited when they learned that they might be relocating. Because after the relocation, they can go home every week to see their parents. Dad can also go to a factory to work.
Change, happening
(Xinhua all the headlines · graphic interaction) (6) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
In the red willow forest in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert, Yiming and his wife are sorting the newly harvested oysters (photo taken on March 17). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
According to the statistics of the township government, there are 369 households with 1,342 people in Daliyabuyi. Since 2017, 102 households with 396 people have moved to the poverty alleviation resettlement site in the town of Dali Yabuyi. Before the end of 2019, there will be 114 households with 443. People relocate.
In the eyes of Yiming’s father, the growing sands and the increasingly unstable rivers made him feel overwhelmed. He remembered that in the dust that lasted for seven months every year, he could not find it when he was the biggest. The way home.
(Xinhua all the headlines · graphic interaction) (7) One thousand years, the "last desert tribe" moved into a new home
Yi Ming studied in the classroom of herdsmen in Dali Yabuyi Township, Yutian County, Xinjiang (photo taken on March 15). Xinhua News Agency reporter Hu Huhu
In 2016, under the double consideration of ecological deterioration and poverty alleviation, the Yutian County government moved Dali Yabuyi to the agenda. In 2017, the government invested funds to build a 90-km asphalt road deep into the desert and built resettlement houses for poor households.
“The hardest thing to do is mental work. We also considered moving them completely to the county and letting them live in the building, but the fellows didn’t want to, they chose the current relocation point.” Tang Mingsheng, director of the Yutian County Poverty Alleviation Office said .
Pick-up trucks, bring home, and leave the house of a long-term residence in one family and one family. They hosted the sheep and the donkeys to relatives and friends, and with the help of the government, organized to work abroad or locally. In addition to the new house of 25 square meters per person, a 20-square-meter tourist reception standard room has been added to facilitate the development of special tourism in Dali Yabuyi.
Public facilities such as kindergartens, primary schools, medical offices, drinking water safety projects, stations, tourist reception centers, etc. have also been completed or under construction.
On the way to visit his son, Yiming has already seen the appearance of the new relocation point. He is not good at talking and he uses several "good" to describe.
According to official data, the incidence of poverty in Yutian County is as high as 19.3%, and there are 114 deep poor villages in 165 villages. Looking further afield, it is a concentrated and contiguous area in the south of the sand border of southern Xinjiang. It is a hard-hitting bone.
“The desert is a landscape, but it cannot provide the production and living materials that the herdsmen need. The easy relocation means that the local herders will get rid of the poor roots and move toward a modern society. In a sense, this step spans the millennium.” Long-term attention to Daliya Professor Liu Zhengjiang, dean of the School of Humanities at Xinjiang University in Buyi, said.
