【疫情逼近伊朗最高层 国际援手刻不容缓】https://mr.baidu.com/x5vt4i5?f=cp&u=04f00dfe4c889b16
疫情逼近伊朗最高层 国际援手刻不容缓

21世纪经济报道
03-04 08:53广东二十一世纪环球经济报社
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来源丨21世纪经济报道 郑青亭 北京报道
编辑丨李艳霞
“伊朗人不像中国人一样把这个病毒当回事儿。武汉市中心都空了，而这里还是熙熙攘攘。德黑兰大街上七成的人还是一切如故，没有任何防护措施。”哈菲兹说，“我想回到武汉，武汉比德黑兰安全多了”。
32岁的伊朗拳击教练哈菲兹·卡拉米（Hafez Karami）的经历有点传奇。在武汉爆发新冠疫情之后，他于2月1日搭乘伊朗政府派来的包机回到了伊朗首都德黑兰。3月3日，他在微信上跟21世纪经济报道记者说，当地人对疫情的大意让他深感不安，他甚至想回武汉去。
哈菲兹的弟弟西纳是武汉一家网红咖啡店的咖啡师，在疫情爆发之后选择留在了武汉，每天为医务工作者送免费咖啡。“妈妈跟我说，‘可怜的西纳还留在武汉，多危险啊。’我告诉她，‘我跟你发誓，西纳现在比咱们安全多了。’”
自伊朗2月19日首次公布新冠确诊病例以来，伊朗新冠疫情的形势日趋严峻。据伊朗卫生部3月3日发布的最新消息，过去一天，伊朗新增新冠肺炎病例835例，新增死亡病例11例。截至当地时间3月3日中午，伊朗累计确诊新冠肺炎病例2336例，死亡病例增至77例。伊朗几乎所有省都发现了确诊病例，库姆省、德黑兰省和吉兰省是伊朗疫情最严重的地方。
“非常不幸的是，伊朗人不像中国人一样把这个病毒当回事儿。武汉市中心都空了，而这里还是熙熙攘攘。”哈菲兹说，“当我看到德黑兰大街上七成的人还是一切如故，没有任何防护措施，我简直难以相信现在只有上千人感染了这个病毒。”
在回国之前，哈菲兹在武汉居家隔离了20多天，“所以我知道如何保护自己”，他也苦口婆心地劝说周围的人不要去人多的地方、出门一定要戴口罩，但还是有很多人并不在意。不过，哈菲兹也认为，伊朗不可能像中国一样停工一个月。

3月2日，在伊朗德黑兰，一名女子戴着口
“我们的经济比中国艰难多了，一个家庭至少有两个孩子。你们居家隔离可以照领工资，这对我们来说简直难以想象。我们不工作就没有收入，如何承担家里的开销？”
在哈菲兹的描述下，当下的德黑兰跟疫情爆发之初的武汉颇有几分相似——口罩价格飞涨了五倍，一个约合人民币10块；当地风传肉桂和姜可以遏制病毒，于是就像双黄连一样，一夜之间价格飙升……
突如其来的疫情打乱了哈菲兹的人生规划。两年前，他和弟弟来中国学中文，在求学期间被拳击俱乐部相中了他的身手，希望正式聘请他担任教练。他这次回伊朗原本是为了申请工作签证，没想到伊朗也爆发了疫情，现在就连离开伊朗的机票也买不到了。“我百分之百确定我要回到武汉去，希望这场疫情尽快过去。”
然而，伊朗疫情的脚步并没有出现放缓的迹象。世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞3月2日说，目前韩国、意大利、伊朗和日本的新冠肺炎疫情已成为该组织非常关注的问题。中国境外报告的确诊病例中，约八成来自这4个国家。
伊朗最高领袖哈梅内伊3日发表讲话，下令武装部队协助卫生部抗击新冠疫情，制止病毒的传播。他还呼吁伊朗人遵循卫生部门给出的建议，避免被病毒感染。
多名高官感染
新冠疫情已经逼近伊朗的最高领导层。3月2日，伊朗最高领袖哈梅内伊顾问委员会成员——71岁的米尔—穆罕默迪委员因感染新冠肺炎去世。他于2017年被哈梅内伊任命为伊朗国家利益委员会成员，负责为哈梅内伊提供建议，以及调解最高领袖和议会之间的分歧。
此前，伊朗已有多名政府官员感染新冠肺炎，包括伊朗副总统玛苏梅·埃卜特卡尔、伊朗议会国家安全与外交委员会主席穆杰塔巴·祖努尔、卫生部副部长伊拉吉·哈里奇、前司法部长穆斯塔法·普尔·穆罕默迪、前驻梵蒂冈大使哈迪·霍斯罗沙希等。
2月27日，世界卫生组织紧急情况计划执行主任迈克·瑞安说，这种在世界范围内迅速传播的新冠状病毒已经“悄无声息地”进入了伊朗，因此，它的感染范围可能比目前已知的更为广泛 。
突如其来的疫情让伊朗政府有些措手不及。伊朗外交部长扎里夫甚至在社交网站上发布求助信息，称该国现在急需N95口罩、呼吸机、手术服、防护服、检测试剂盒等。
“与意大利、日本、韩国不同的是，伊朗自身能力不足、经验有限，又遭受美国的经济制裁，已经成为中国以外死亡病例最多的国家，还出现了向其他国家扩散的迹象，甚至中国也发现了由伊朗输入的病例。”宁夏大学阿拉伯学院院长李绍先对21世纪经济报道记者说道。
李绍先认为，伊朗多位政府官员感染新冠肺炎说明伊朗高层最开始的时候对疫情重视程度不够。比如，伊朗卫生部副部长在确诊感染前的记者会上不戴口罩，并且声称疫情“没有那么严重”；副总统被确诊前一天还参加总统召集的内阁会议，大家同样不戴口罩。
伊朗卫生部长纳马基3月1日表示，从3月2日起伊朗在全国各地派出30万个医疗小组上门逐户排查疫情。他指出，这些小组将主动前往人们家中，而不是等待患者来就诊，平均每个小组大约会到访270名伊朗人，所有医疗小组均配备有必要的诊断装备，诊断出的病例将被送到医疗机构接受治疗。
伊朗军方也加入了这场抗疫战争。据报道，伊朗陆军成立“圣战基地”，以抗击疫情，并于3月1日在德黑兰举行了仪式。伊朗陆军的步兵部队已开始按计划对德黑兰的医院进行消毒。伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队（IRGC）在库尔德斯坦的一名军官则表示，革命卫队能提供七辆特殊车辆帮助进行当地街道的消毒工作。
大部分公共场所仍正常营业
自伊朗首次公布疫情以来，伊朗的确诊病例已经从库姆省向全境蔓延，并出现了远高于其他地方的死亡率，这引发了外界关于伊朗政府是否隐瞒疫情的怀疑。但伊朗卫生部坚称官方统计是准确的，并誓言绝不会有所隐瞒。
2月26日，加拿大多伦多大学达拉拉娜公共卫生学院流行病系兼职讲师Ashleigh R.Tuite博士向21世纪经济报道记者指出，通过模型计算，预计伊朗境内的新冠病例将在1.5个月内增至23,070例，这比他们之前计算的18,300有所增加。
2月25日，Tuite的团队在论文预印本网站“medrxiv”发布了一篇题为《估算COVID-2019的疾病负担以及从伊朗向国际扩散感染的潜力》的论文。基于2月19日至23日期间伊朗报告的43例确诊病例和3例输出病例，该团队通过比较伊朗游客出境主要目的地的传染病脆弱性指数（IDVI）得出结论：伊朗实际的新冠病例数字应该远超已公布的数字。
Tuite对21世纪经济报道记者说，考虑到2月23日后伊朗不断报告新增病例以及阿富汗、巴林、科威特、阿曼和伊拉克出现了伊朗输出病例，他们重新进行了估算，估值比最初估算的18,300例还要高。
尽管疫情的风险可能继续上升，但多位伊朗人告诉21世纪经济报道记者，当地社会秩序井然。中国相声艺术家丁广泉的伊朗籍徒弟华家德告诉21记者，他所在的亚兹德市“一切正常”，大街上有些人戴起了口罩，基本物价没太大变化。
身在德黑兰的伊朗国家旅游局中国区首席代表何飞给21世纪经济报道记者发来了很多段他自己拍摄的视频。在视频中，高速公路在高峰时段跟往常一样堵得水泄不通，“并不像网上说的空城了”。他说，不少中国人都问他伊朗的情况，但实际上，伊朗人还在正常生活工作，大部分公共场所都正常营业，只不过餐厅的顾客数量明显少了。
据21记者了解，近年来，由于伊朗经济不景气，美国对伊制裁越来越严厉，不少中资企业都缩小在伊朗的规模。一家大型工程承包商的员工告诉21记者，在疫情爆发之后，大部分员工都撤回来了，暂时不会再去伊朗。
中国某高校原本计划开学后派两名本科生去伊朗交流学习，但在伊朗爆发疫情之后就取消了这一计划。该校波斯语专业系主任对21记者说，“1月底的时候，我就跟学生商量要观望一下。后来伊朗爆发疫情之后，就跟对方大学说不去了。”
据《环球时报》报道，3日晚间，中国有关部门将组织包机接滞留在伊华人回国，第一架包机将优先供滞留在库姆的数十名中国学生报名，估计可搭载200余名旅客。接下来几天，可能还会有数架包机接滞留在伊朗的中国人回国。
据世卫组织统计，截至2月28日，伊朗有97个病例输出到11个国家。迄今为止，中国已经发现了4例伊朗输入病例，在北京和宁夏各有2例。其中，三人于2月18日在伊朗参加了一个同学聚会；还有一人自述与首位自伊朗入境的患者不相识、无联系。
中国出手相助
尽管伊朗政府的抗疫投入有所增加，但李绍先指出，美国对伊朗实施的“历史上最严厉制裁”恐将影响伊朗的抗疫能力。“在美国制裁之下，伊朗经济极为困难，而且缺医少药，这可能也是其死亡率畸高的主因。”
2月28日，伊朗卫生部发言人贾汗普尔就把伊朗检测试剂不足归咎于美国的经济制裁。他说，自2018年美国单方面退出伊核协议并对伊实施“史上最严厉制裁”后，伊朗的进出口贸易就受到较大冲击。伊朗政府多次公开表示，美国对伊朗的制裁是“经济恐怖主义”。一些诸如特殊疾病的药品、高级医疗器械等物资伊朗方面几乎无途径获得。
面对疫情全球蔓延的威胁，美国政府近日放宽了对伊朗的制裁，允许伊朗购买医疗物资与食品，以抗击新冠疫情。美国财政部2月27日发布的豁免许可指出，伊朗可通过伊朗中央银行进行人道主义货物的贸易。与此同时，美国还与瑞士敲定了一项人道主义贸易协定，保证瑞士可向伊朗出口人道主义货物而不受到美国制裁。
但美国的提议遭到了伊朗的断然拒绝。伊朗外交部发言人穆萨维2月28日说：“帮助伊朗对抗新冠病毒的说法是荒谬的，是一种政治心理游戏，这个国家以其经济恐怖主义对伊朗人民施加了巨大压力，甚至阻止了伊朗购买药品和医疗设备，他们这种为人类同胞的苦难而欢呼的行为是不高尚的。”
李绍先认为，美国提出的豁免是道义上的，实际意义有限，而且伊朗已经拒绝。“按目前伊朗国家的状况，疫情一旦大面积爆发，恐将出现灾难性的人道主义危机局面，国际社会应迅速行动施以援手，刻不容缓。”
在关键时刻，中国向伊朗伸出了援手。3月3日，中国外交部发言人赵立坚表示，“中国红十字会和有关企业已向伊朗提供了试剂，还向伊朗方面派遣了志愿专家团队。我们将视疫情发展，在继续做好本国疫情防控的同时，继续与有关方面开展不同形式的合作，在力所能及的范围内向外方提供支持。”
据了解，2月底，中国驻伊朗使馆代表向伊朗捐赠了25万只口罩，次日，中国驻伊朗使馆再次捐赠了可供5000人使用的新冠病毒核酸检测试剂盒。除这两次援助外，中国也表示接下来还会根据伊朗的需求进行援助。此外，中国红十字会志愿专家团队一行5人已于2月29日抵达德黑兰。
中国还表示愿同世卫组织加强国际卫生合作。3月2日，世卫组织的一个小组抵达伊朗，以运送物资并支持伊朗政府的应对工作。此前的2月27日，中国驻伊朗大使常华应约会见了世卫组织驻伊代表哈米尔曼。
哈米尔曼在会谈中表示，“我读了中国—世界卫生组织新冠肺炎联合专家考察组外方组长、世卫组织总干事高级顾问布鲁斯·艾尔沃德的报告，中国的防控疫情方法被事实证明是成功的方法。世卫组织愿促进同中伊双方在伊疫情防控方面的合作。”
为了尽快遏制疫情蔓延，伊朗还在积极借鉴中国的抗疫经验。据伊朗驻华使馆消息，已将中国诊疗方案翻译成波斯语向公众发布。“我们相信，只要众志成城、团结一心，就一定能战胜疫情。就像任何困难都打不倒中华民族一样，也不会有任何困难能打倒伊朗人民。”
哈菲兹对21记者说，“过去几天以来，唯一的好消息就是，中国向伊朗派出了专家组。我觉得，这是伊朗渡过此劫的重要机会。中国开始帮助伊朗了。”
Outbreaks approaching Iran's highest levels

21st Century Business Herald
03-04 08:53 Guangdong 21st Century Global Economic News
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Source 丨 21st Century Business Herald Zheng Qingting reports from Beijing
Edit 丨 Li Yanxia
"Irans don't take this virus seriously like the Chinese. Wuhan's city center is empty, and here is still bustling. Seventy percent of the people on Tehran Street are still as they are, without any protection measures. "I want to return to Wuhan. Wuhan is much safer than Tehran."
Hafez Karami, a 32-year-old Iranian boxing coach, is a bit legendary. After the outbreak of the new crown in Wuhan, he returned to the Iranian capital Tehran on a charter flight sent by the Iranian government on February 1. On March 3, he told a 21st Century Business Herald reporter on WeChat that the locals were very disturbed by the outbreak of the epidemic, and he even wanted to return to Wuhan.
Hafez's younger brother, Sina, is a barista at a cyber red coffee shop in Wuhan. After the outbreak, he chose to stay in Wuhan and send free coffee to medical workers every day. "Mom said to me,‘ Poor Xina is still in Wuhan, how dangerous it is. ’I told her,‘ I swear to you that Xina is safer now than us. ’”
Since Iran's first confirmed case of the new crown was announced on February 19, the situation of Iran's new crown has become increasingly severe. According to the latest news released by the Iranian Ministry of Health on March 3, the past day, Iran has added 835 new cases of coronary pneumonia and 11 new deaths. As of noon on March 3, local time, Iran has confirmed a total of 2,336 new cases of coronary pneumonia, and the number of deaths has increased to 77. Confirmed cases have been detected in almost all provinces of Iran, with Qum, Tehran and Gilan provinces being the worst affected areas in Iran.
"It's very unfortunate that Iranians don't take this virus seriously like the Chinese. Wuhan's city center is empty, and here is still bustling." Hafez said, "When I saw 70% on Tehran Street People are still doing the same, without any protective measures, I can hardly believe that only thousands of people are infected with the virus. "
Before returning home, Hafez was isolated from his home in Wuhan for more than 20 days. "So I know how to protect myself." He also persuaded the people around him not to go to crowded places and wear masks when going out, but there are still many People don't care. However, Hafez also believes that Iran cannot stop work for a month like China.

A woman wears a mouth in Tehran, Iran on March 2.
"Our economy is much harder than China. A family has at least two children. It is unimaginable for us to live in isolation and receive wages. We have no income if we do not work. How can we bear the expenses of our family?"
In Hafez's description, the current Tehran is quite similar to Wuhan at the beginning of the outbreak-the price of masks has soared five times, one is about 10 yuan; local rumors that cinnamon and ginger can contain the virus, so Like Shuanghuanglian, prices soared overnight ...
The sudden outbreak disrupted Hafez's life plan. Two years ago, he and his younger brother came to China to learn Chinese. During his schooling, he was beaten by a boxing club, hoping to formally hire him as a coach. He originally returned to Iran to apply for a work visa, but he did not expect an outbreak in Iran, and now he can't even buy a ticket to leave Iran. "I am 100% sure that I will return to Wuhan and hope that the epidemic will pass as soon as possible."
However, the pace of the Iranian outbreak has shown no signs of slowing down. World Health Organization Director-General Tan Desai said on March 2 that the new crown pneumonia outbreaks in South Korea, Italy, Iran and Japan have become a matter of great concern to the organization. About 80% of the confirmed cases reported outside China come from these four countries.
Iran's supreme leader Khamenei issued a speech on the 3rd, ordering the armed forces to assist the Ministry of Health in fighting the new crown epidemic and stop the spread of the virus. He also called on Iranians to follow the advice given by the health department to avoid being infected by the virus.
Multiple senior officials infected
The new crown epidemic has approached Iran's top leadership. On March 2, the 71-year-old member of the advisory board of Iran's Supreme Leader Khamenei, Commissioner Mir-Mohammedi, died of new crown pneumonia. He was appointed by Khamenei in 2017 as a member of the Iranian National Interests Committee, responsible for advising Khamenei and mediating differences between the Supreme Leader and Parliament.
Earlier, several government officials in Iran had been infected with the new crown of pneumonia, including Iranian Vice President Masumei Abtkar, Chairman of the National Security and Foreign Affairs Committee of the Iranian Parliament, Mujataba Zunur, and Deputy Minister of Health Iragi Harwich, former Attorney General Mustafa Pur Mohammedi, former ambassador to the Vatican Hardy Hosroshashi, etc.
On February 27, Mike Ryan, Executive Director of the World Health Organization's Emergency Plan, said that this new coronavirus that has spread rapidly worldwide has entered Iran "silently", so its scope of infection may be larger than the current Known more widely.
The sudden outbreak caught the Iranian government off guard. Iranian Foreign Minister Zarif even posted a request for help on social networking sites, saying that the country urgently needs N95 masks, ventilator, surgical gowns, protective clothing, test kits and so on.
"Unlike Italy, Japan, and South Korea, Iran ’s own capabilities, limited experience, and economic sanctions from the United States have made it the country with the largest number of deaths outside China. There are also signs of spread to other countries, and even China has found that "The cases imported by Iran were reported." Li Shaoxian, Dean of the Arab School of Ningxia University, told a reporter of the 21st Century Business Herald.
Li Shaoxian believes that a number of Iranian government officials infected with new crown pneumonia indicate that Iranian officials did not pay enough attention to the epidemic in the beginning. For example, the Iranian Deputy Minister of Health did not wear a mask at a press conference before the infection was diagnosed, and claimed that the outbreak was "less severe"; the vice president also attended a cabinet meeting convened by the president one day before the diagnosis, and everyone did not wear a mask.
Iranian Health Minister Namaki said on March 1 that from March 2, Iran will send 300,000 medical teams across the country to check the outbreak from door to door. He pointed out that these groups will take the initiative to go to people's homes instead of waiting for patients to come to the clinic. On average, each group will visit about 270 Iranians. All medical teams are equipped with the necessary diagnostic equipment and the diagnosed cases will be sent to Medical institutions receive treatment.
The Iranian military has joined the war. According to reports, the Iranian Army established a "jihad base" to combat the epidemic, and a ceremony was held in Tehran on March 1. Iranian infantry units have begun disinfecting hospitals in Tehran as planned. An officer of the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) in Kurdistan stated that the Revolutionary Guards could provide seven special vehicles to help disinfect local streets.
Most public places are still open
Since the Iranian epidemic was first announced, Iran's confirmed cases have spread from Qom Province to the whole country, with a mortality rate much higher than elsewhere, which has raised doubts about whether the Iranian government has concealed the epidemic. But the Iranian Ministry of Health insisted that the official statistics were accurate and vowed never to hide anything.
On February 26, Dr. Ashleigh R. Tuite, a part-time lecturer in the Department of Epidemiology at the University of Toronto's Dalarana School of Public Health, pointed out to a 21st Century Business Herald reporter that the number of new crown cases in Iran is expected to increase within 1.5 months through model calculation To 23,070 cases, this is an increase from their previous calculation of 18,300.
On February 25th, Tuite's team published a paper entitled "Estimating the Disease Burden of COVID-2019 and the Potential of Infectious Dissemination from Iran to the World" on the preprinted website "medrxiv". Based on 43 confirmed cases and 3 export cases reported from Iran between February 19 and 23, the team concluded by comparing the Infectious Disease Vulnerability Index (IDVI) of the main destinations for Iranian tourists outbound: Iran ’s actual new crown cases The number should far exceed the published number.
Tuite told a 21st Century Business Herald reporter that after taking into account new cases reported by Iran after February 23 and Iranian export cases in Afghanistan, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, and Iraq, they re-estimated their estimates to be higher than the original estimate of 18,300 The cases are even higher.
Although the risk of the outbreak may continue to rise, several Iranians told 21st Century Business Herald that local social order is in order. Hua Jiade, an Iranian apprentice of Chinese comic artist Ding Guangquan, told 21 reporters that his city of Yazd is "everything normal". Some people on the street have put on masks, and basic prices have not changed much.
He Fei, the chief representative of the Iranian National Tourism Administration in China in Tehran, sent a number of videos of himself to 21st Century Business Herald reporters. In the video, the expressway is blocked as usual at rush hours, "not as empty as the Internet says." He said that many Chinese people asked him about Iran's situation, but in fact, Iranians are still living and working in most public places, but the number of customers in the restaurant is significantly smaller.
According to 21 reporters, in recent years, due to the economic downturn in Iran, the United States has imposed increasingly severe sanctions on Iran, and many Chinese companies have reduced their scale in Iran. An employee of a large engineering contractor told 21 reporters that after the outbreak, most employees had withdrawn and would not go to Iran for the time being.
A Chinese university originally planned to send two undergraduates to Iran to study after the school started, but the plan was cancelled after the outbreak in Iran. The head of the Persian department of the school told 21 reporters, "At the end of January, I discussed with the students to wait and see. Later, after the outbreak in Iran, I could not talk to the other university."
According to the "Global Times" report, on the evening of the 3rd, relevant Chinese authorities will organize charter flights to stay in Yihua and return to China. The first charter flight will be given priority to dozens of Chinese students stranded in Qom. . In the next few days, there may be several charter flights to pick up the Chinese stranded in Iran and return to China.
According to WHO statistics, as of February 28, Iran had exported 97 cases to 11 countries. To date, four Iranian imported cases have been detected in China, two in Beijing and one in Ningxia. Three of them attended a class reunion in Iran on February 18; and one reported that he had no acquaintance or contact with the first patient who entered from Iran.
China Helps
Although the Iranian government ’s investment in epidemic prevention has increased, Li Shaoxian pointed out that the “most severe sanctions in history” imposed on Iran by the United States may affect Iran ’s ability to resist epidemics. "Under U.S. sanctions, Iran's economy is extremely difficult, and lack of medicine and medicine may be the main reason for its high mortality rate."
On February 28, Iran ’s Ministry of Health spokesman Jahanpur blamed US economic sanctions on insufficient testing reagents in Iran. He said that since the United States unilaterally withdrew from the Iranian nuclear agreement in 2018 and imposed "the harshest sanctions in history" on Iran, Iran's import and export trade has been hit hard. The Iranian government has repeatedly stated publicly that U.S. sanctions on Iran are "economic terrorism." Some Iranian sources of materials such as medicines for special diseases, advanced medical equipment, etc. are almost impossible to obtain.
Faced with the threat of global spread of the epidemic, the US government recently relaxed sanctions on Iran, allowing Iran to purchase medical supplies and food to fight the new crown epidemic. An exemption permit issued by the U.S. Treasury on February 27 states that Iran can trade humanitarian goods through the Iranian Central Bank. At the same time, the United States has concluded a humanitarian trade agreement with Switzerland to ensure that Switzerland can export humanitarian goods to Iran without US sanctions.
But the US proposal was categorically rejected by Iran. Iran ’s foreign ministry spokesman Moussavi said on February 28: “The argument to help Iran fight the new crown virus is ridiculous and a political psychological game. This country has exerted tremendous pressure on the Iranian people with its economic terrorism and even prevented it As Iran purchases medicines and medical equipment, their cheering for the suffering of their fellow humans is not noble. "
Li Shaoxian believes that the exemption proposed by the United States is moral and of limited practical significance, and Iran has rejected it. "According to the current state of the Iranian country, once the epidemic explodes on a large scale, there may be a catastrophic humanitarian crisis. The international community should act quickly to lend a helping hand. It is urgent."
At a critical juncture, China reached out to Iran. On March 3, Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesman Zhao Lijian said, "The Chinese Red Cross and related companies have provided reagents to Iran and have also dispatched a team of volunteer experts to the Iranian side. We will continue to do a good job of the epidemic situation in our country as the epidemic develops. While preventing and controlling, we will continue to carry out different forms of cooperation with relevant parties and provide support to outside parties within our ability. "
It is understood that at the end of February, a representative of the Chinese embassy in Iran donated 250,000 masks to Iran. The next day, the Chinese embassy in Iran again donated a new crown virus nucleic acid detection kit for 5,000 people. In addition to these two aids, China also said that it will continue to provide assistance based on Iran's needs. In addition, a team of five volunteers from the Chinese Red Cross Society arrived in Tehran on February 29.
China also expressed its willingness to strengthen international health cooperation with WHO. On March 2, a WHO team arrived in Iran to transport supplies and support the Iranian government's response. Earlier on February 27, Chinese Ambassador to Iran, Chang Hua, met with WHO Representative in Iran Hamilman on an appointment date.
During the talks, Hamillman said, "I read the report by Bruce Elward, the foreign leader of the China-WHO Joint New Expert Pneumonia Joint Expert Study Team and senior consultant of the WHO Director-General. It has proved to be a successful method. WHO is willing to promote cooperation with China and Iran in the prevention and control of the Iranian epidemic. "
In order to curb the spread of the epidemic as soon as possible, Iran is still actively learning from China's experience in fighting the epidemic. According to the Iranian embassy in China, the Chinese medical treatment plan has been translated into Persian and released to the public. "We believe that as long as we are united and united, we will be able to defeat the epidemic. Just as no difficulty can defeat the Chinese nation, there will be no difficulty to defeat the Iranian people."
"The only good news over the past few days is that China has sent a team of experts to Iran. I think this is an important opportunity for Iran to survive this calamity. China has begun to help Iran," Hafez told reporters 21.
疫情逼近伊朗最高层 国际援手刻不容缓

21世纪经济报道
03-04 08:53广东二十一世纪环球经济报社
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来源丨21世纪经济报道 郑青亭 北京报道
编辑丨李艳霞
“伊朗人不像中国人一样把这个病毒当回事儿。武汉市中心都空了，而这里还是熙熙攘攘。德黑兰大街上七成的人还是一切如故，没有任何防护措施。”哈菲兹说，“我想回到武汉，武汉比德黑兰安全多了”。
32岁的伊朗拳击教练哈菲兹·卡拉米（Hafez Karami）的经历有点传奇。在武汉爆发新冠疫情之后，他于2月1日搭乘伊朗政府派来的包机回到了伊朗首都德黑兰。3月3日，他在微信上跟21世纪经济报道记者说，当地人对疫情的大意让他深感不安，他甚至想回武汉去。
哈菲兹的弟弟西纳是武汉一家网红咖啡店的咖啡师，在疫情爆发之后选择留在了武汉，每天为医务工作者送免费咖啡。“妈妈跟我说，‘可怜的西纳还留在武汉，多危险啊。’我告诉她，‘我跟你发誓，西纳现在比咱们安全多了。’”
自伊朗2月19日首次公布新冠确诊病例以来，伊朗新冠疫情的形势日趋严峻。据伊朗卫生部3月3日发布的最新消息，过去一天，伊朗新增新冠肺炎病例835例，新增死亡病例11例。截至当地时间3月3日中午，伊朗累计确诊新冠肺炎病例2336例，死亡病例增至77例。伊朗几乎所有省都发现了确诊病例，库姆省、德黑兰省和吉兰省是伊朗疫情最严重的地方。
“非常不幸的是，伊朗人不像中国人一样把这个病毒当回事儿。武汉市中心都空了，而这里还是熙熙攘攘。”哈菲兹说，“当我看到德黑兰大街上七成的人还是一切如故，没有任何防护措施，我简直难以相信现在只有上千人感染了这个病毒。”
在回国之前，哈菲兹在武汉居家隔离了20多天，“所以我知道如何保护自己”，他也苦口婆心地劝说周围的人不要去人多的地方、出门一定要戴口罩，但还是有很多人并不在意。不过，哈菲兹也认为，伊朗不可能像中国一样停工一个月。

3月2日，在伊朗德黑兰，一名女子戴着口
“我们的经济比中国艰难多了，一个家庭至少有两个孩子。你们居家隔离可以照领工资，这对我们来说简直难以想象。我们不工作就没有收入，如何承担家里的开销？”
在哈菲兹的描述下，当下的德黑兰跟疫情爆发之初的武汉颇有几分相似——口罩价格飞涨了五倍，一个约合人民币10块；当地风传肉桂和姜可以遏制病毒，于是就像双黄连一样，一夜之间价格飙升……
突如其来的疫情打乱了哈菲兹的人生规划。两年前，他和弟弟来中国学中文，在求学期间被拳击俱乐部相中了他的身手，希望正式聘请他担任教练。他这次回伊朗原本是为了申请工作签证，没想到伊朗也爆发了疫情，现在就连离开伊朗的机票也买不到了。“我百分之百确定我要回到武汉去，希望这场疫情尽快过去。”
然而，伊朗疫情的脚步并没有出现放缓的迹象。世界卫生组织总干事谭德塞3月2日说，目前韩国、意大利、伊朗和日本的新冠肺炎疫情已成为该组织非常关注的问题。中国境外报告的确诊病例中，约八成来自这4个国家。
伊朗最高领袖哈梅内伊3日发表讲话，下令武装部队协助卫生部抗击新冠疫情，制止病毒的传播。他还呼吁伊朗人遵循卫生部门给出的建议，避免被病毒感染。
多名高官感染
新冠疫情已经逼近伊朗的最高领导层。3月2日，伊朗最高领袖哈梅内伊顾问委员会成员——71岁的米尔—穆罕默迪委员因感染新冠肺炎去世。他于2017年被哈梅内伊任命为伊朗国家利益委员会成员，负责为哈梅内伊提供建议，以及调解最高领袖和议会之间的分歧。
此前，伊朗已有多名政府官员感染新冠肺炎，包括伊朗副总统玛苏梅·埃卜特卡尔、伊朗议会国家安全与外交委员会主席穆杰塔巴·祖努尔、卫生部副部长伊拉吉·哈里奇、前司法部长穆斯塔法·普尔·穆罕默迪、前驻梵蒂冈大使哈迪·霍斯罗沙希等。
2月27日，世界卫生组织紧急情况计划执行主任迈克·瑞安说，这种在世界范围内迅速传播的新冠状病毒已经“悄无声息地”进入了伊朗，因此，它的感染范围可能比目前已知的更为广泛 。
突如其来的疫情让伊朗政府有些措手不及。伊朗外交部长扎里夫甚至在社交网站上发布求助信息，称该国现在急需N95口罩、呼吸机、手术服、防护服、检测试剂盒等。
“与意大利、日本、韩国不同的是，伊朗自身能力不足、经验有限，又遭受美国的经济制裁，已经成为中国以外死亡病例最多的国家，还出现了向其他国家扩散的迹象，甚至中国也发现了由伊朗输入的病例。”宁夏大学阿拉伯学院院长李绍先对21世纪经济报道记者说道。
李绍先认为，伊朗多位政府官员感染新冠肺炎说明伊朗高层最开始的时候对疫情重视程度不够。比如，伊朗卫生部副部长在确诊感染前的记者会上不戴口罩，并且声称疫情“没有那么严重”；副总统被确诊前一天还参加总统召集的内阁会议，大家同样不戴口罩。
伊朗卫生部长纳马基3月1日表示，从3月2日起伊朗在全国各地派出30万个医疗小组上门逐户排查疫情。他指出，这些小组将主动前往人们家中，而不是等待患者来就诊，平均每个小组大约会到访270名伊朗人，所有医疗小组均配备有必要的诊断装备，诊断出的病例将被送到医疗机构接受治疗。
伊朗军方也加入了这场抗疫战争。据报道，伊朗陆军成立“圣战基地”，以抗击疫情，并于3月1日在德黑兰举行了仪式。伊朗陆军的步兵部队已开始按计划对德黑兰的医院进行消毒。伊朗伊斯兰革命卫队（IRGC）在库尔德斯坦的一名军官则表示，革命卫队能提供七辆特殊车辆帮助进行当地街道的消毒工作。
大部分公共场所仍正常营业
自伊朗首次公布疫情以来，伊朗的确诊病例已经从库姆省向全境蔓延，并出现了远高于其他地方的死亡率，这引发了外界关于伊朗政府是否隐瞒疫情的怀疑。但伊朗卫生部坚称官方统计是准确的，并誓言绝不会有所隐瞒。
2月26日，加拿大多伦多大学达拉拉娜公共卫生学院流行病系兼职讲师Ashleigh R.Tuite博士向21世纪经济报道记者指出，通过模型计算，预计伊朗境内的新冠病例将在1.5个月内增至23,070例，这比他们之前计算的18,300有所增加。
2月25日，Tuite的团队在论文预印本网站“medrxiv”发布了一篇题为《估算COVID-2019的疾病负担以及从伊朗向国际扩散感染的潜力》的论文。基于2月19日至23日期间伊朗报告的43例确诊病例和3例输出病例，该团队通过比较伊朗游客出境主要目的地的传染病脆弱性指数（IDVI）得出结论：伊朗实际的新冠病例数字应该远超已公布的数字。
Tuite对21世纪经济报道记者说，考虑到2月23日后伊朗不断报告新增病例以及阿富汗、巴林、科威特、阿曼和伊拉克出现了伊朗输出病例，他们重新进行了估算，估值比最初估算的18,300例还要高。
尽管疫情的风险可能继续上升，但多位伊朗人告诉21世纪经济报道记者，当地社会秩序井然。中国相声艺术家丁广泉的伊朗籍徒弟华家德告诉21记者，他所在的亚兹德市“一切正常”，大街上有些人戴起了口罩，基本物价没太大变化。
身在德黑兰的伊朗国家旅游局中国区首席代表何飞给21世纪经济报道记者发来了很多段他自己拍摄的视频。在视频中，高速公路在高峰时段跟往常一样堵得水泄不通，“并不像网上说的空城了”。他说，不少中国人都问他伊朗的情况，但实际上，伊朗人还在正常生活工作，大部分公共场所都正常营业，只不过餐厅的顾客数量明显少了。
据21记者了解，近年来，由于伊朗经济不景气，美国对伊制裁越来越严厉，不少中资企业都缩小在伊朗的规模。一家大型工程承包商的员工告诉21记者，在疫情爆发之后，大部分员工都撤回来了，暂时不会再去伊朗。
中国某高校原本计划开学后派两名本科生去伊朗交流学习，但在伊朗爆发疫情之后就取消了这一计划。该校波斯语专业系主任对21记者说，“1月底的时候，我就跟学生商量要观望一下。后来伊朗爆发疫情之后，就跟对方大学说不去了。”
据《环球时报》报道，3日晚间，中国有关部门将组织包机接滞留在伊华人回国，第一架包机将优先供滞留在库姆的数十名中国学生报名，估计可搭载200余名旅客。接下来几天，可能还会有数架包机接滞留在伊朗的中国人回国。
据世卫组织统计，截至2月28日，伊朗有97个病例输出到11个国家。迄今为止，中国已经发现了4例伊朗输入病例，在北京和宁夏各有2例。其中，三人于2月18日在伊朗参加了一个同学聚会；还有一人自述与首位自伊朗入境的患者不相识、无联系。
中国出手相助
尽管伊朗政府的抗疫投入有所增加，但李绍先指出，美国对伊朗实施的“历史上最严厉制裁”恐将影响伊朗的抗疫能力。“在美国制裁之下，伊朗经济极为困难，而且缺医少药，这可能也是其死亡率畸高的主因。”
2月28日，伊朗卫生部发言人贾汗普尔就把伊朗检测试剂不足归咎于美国的经济制裁。他说，自2018年美国单方面退出伊核协议并对伊实施“史上最严厉制裁”后，伊朗的进出口贸易就受到较大冲击。伊朗政府多次公开表示，美国对伊朗的制裁是“经济恐怖主义”。一些诸如特殊疾病的药品、高级医疗器械等物资伊朗方面几乎无途径获得。
面对疫情全球蔓延的威胁，美国政府近日放宽了对伊朗的制裁，允许伊朗购买医疗物资与食品，以抗击新冠疫情。美国财政部2月27日发布的豁免许可指出，伊朗可通过伊朗中央银行进行人道主义货物的贸易。与此同时，美国还与瑞士敲定了一项人道主义贸易协定，保证瑞士可向伊朗出口人道主义货物而不受到美国制裁。
但美国的提议遭到了伊朗的断然拒绝。伊朗外交部发言人穆萨维2月28日说：“帮助伊朗对抗新冠病毒的说法是荒谬的，是一种政治心理游戏，这个国家以其经济恐怖主义对伊朗人民施加了巨大压力，甚至阻止了伊朗购买药品和医疗设备，他们这种为人类同胞的苦难而欢呼的行为是不高尚的。”
李绍先认为，美国提出的豁免是道义上的，实际意义有限，而且伊朗已经拒绝。“按目前伊朗国家的状况，疫情一旦大面积爆发，恐将出现灾难性的人道主义危机局面，国际社会应迅速行动施以援手，刻不容缓。”
在关键时刻，中国向伊朗伸出了援手。3月3日，中国外交部发言人赵立坚表示，“中国红十字会和有关企业已向伊朗提供了试剂，还向伊朗方面派遣了志愿专家团队。我们将视疫情发展，在继续做好本国疫情防控的同时，继续与有关方面开展不同形式的合作，在力所能及的范围内向外方提供支持。”
据了解，2月底，中国驻伊朗使馆代表向伊朗捐赠了25万只口罩，次日，中国驻伊朗使馆再次捐赠了可供5000人使用的新冠病毒核酸检测试剂盒。除这两次援助外，中国也表示接下来还会根据伊朗的需求进行援助。此外，中国红十字会志愿专家团队一行5人已于2月29日抵达德黑兰。
中国还表示愿同世卫组织加强国际卫生合作。3月2日，世卫组织的一个小组抵达伊朗，以运送物资并支持伊朗政府的应对工作。此前的2月27日，中国驻伊朗大使常华应约会见了世卫组织驻伊代表哈米尔曼。
哈米尔曼在会谈中表示，“我读了中国—世界卫生组织新冠肺炎联合专家考察组外方组长、世卫组织总干事高级顾问布鲁斯·艾尔沃德的报告，中国的防控疫情方法被事实证明是成功的方法。世卫组织愿促进同中伊双方在伊疫情防控方面的合作。”
为了尽快遏制疫情蔓延，伊朗还在积极借鉴中国的抗疫经验。据伊朗驻华使馆消息，已将中国诊疗方案翻译成波斯语向公众发布。“我们相信，只要众志成城、团结一心，就一定能战胜疫情。就像任何困难都打不倒中华民族一样，也不会有任何困难能打倒伊朗人民。”
哈菲兹对21记者说，“过去几天以来，唯一的好消息就是，中国向伊朗派出了专家组。我觉得，这是伊朗渡过此劫的重要机会。中国开始帮助伊朗了。”
Outbreaks approaching Iran's highest levels

21st Century Business Herald
03-04 08:53 Guangdong 21st Century Global Economic News
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Source 丨 21st Century Business Herald Zheng Qingting reports from Beijing
Edit 丨 Li Yanxia
"Irans don't take this virus seriously like the Chinese. Wuhan's city center is empty, and here is still bustling. Seventy percent of the people on Tehran Street are still as they are, without any protection measures. "I want to return to Wuhan. Wuhan is much safer than Tehran."
Hafez Karami, a 32-year-old Iranian boxing coach, is a bit legendary. After the outbreak of the new crown in Wuhan, he returned to the Iranian capital Tehran on a charter flight sent by the Iranian government on February 1. On March 3, he told a 21st Century Business Herald reporter on WeChat that the locals were very disturbed by the outbreak of the epidemic, and he even wanted to return to Wuhan.
Hafez's younger brother, Sina, is a barista at a cyber red coffee shop in Wuhan. After the outbreak, he chose to stay in Wuhan and send free coffee to medical workers every day. "Mom said to me,‘ Poor Xina is still in Wuhan, how dangerous it is. ’I told her,‘ I swear to you that Xina is safer now than us. ’”
Since Iran's first confirmed case of the new crown was announced on February 19, the situation of Iran's new crown has become increasingly severe. According to the latest news released by the Iranian Ministry of Health on March 3, the past day, Iran has added 835 new cases of coronary pneumonia and 11 new deaths. As of noon on March 3, local time, Iran has confirmed a total of 2,336 new cases of coronary pneumonia, and the number of deaths has increased to 77. Confirmed cases have been detected in almost all provinces of Iran, with Qum, Tehran and Gilan provinces being the worst affected areas in Iran.
"It's very unfortunate that Iranians don't take this virus seriously like the Chinese. Wuhan's city center is empty, and here is still bustling." Hafez said, "When I saw 70% on Tehran Street People are still doing the same, without any protective measures, I can hardly believe that only thousands of people are infected with the virus. "
Before returning home, Hafez was isolated from his home in Wuhan for more than 20 days. "So I know how to protect myself." He also persuaded the people around him not to go to crowded places and wear masks when going out, but there are still many People don't care. However, Hafez also believes that Iran cannot stop work for a month like China.

A woman wears a mouth in Tehran, Iran on March 2.
"Our economy is much harder than China. A family has at least two children. It is unimaginable for us to live in isolation and receive wages. We have no income if we do not work. How can we bear the expenses of our family?"
In Hafez's description, the current Tehran is quite similar to Wuhan at the beginning of the outbreak-the price of masks has soared five times, one is about 10 yuan; local rumors that cinnamon and ginger can contain the virus, so Like Shuanghuanglian, prices soared overnight ...
The sudden outbreak disrupted Hafez's life plan. Two years ago, he and his younger brother came to China to learn Chinese. During his schooling, he was beaten by a boxing club, hoping to formally hire him as a coach. He originally returned to Iran to apply for a work visa, but he did not expect an outbreak in Iran, and now he can't even buy a ticket to leave Iran. "I am 100% sure that I will return to Wuhan and hope that the epidemic will pass as soon as possible."
However, the pace of the Iranian outbreak has shown no signs of slowing down. World Health Organization Director-General Tan Desai said on March 2 that the new crown pneumonia outbreaks in South Korea, Italy, Iran and Japan have become a matter of great concern to the organization. About 80% of the confirmed cases reported outside China come from these four countries.
Iran's supreme leader Khamenei issued a speech on the 3rd, ordering the armed forces to assist the Ministry of Health in fighting the new crown epidemic and stop the spread of the virus. He also called on Iranians to follow the advice given by the health department to avoid being infected by the virus.
Multiple senior officials infected
The new crown epidemic has approached Iran's top leadership. On March 2, the 71-year-old member of the advisory board of Iran's Supreme Leader Khamenei, Commissioner Mir-Mohammedi, died of new crown pneumonia. He was appointed by Khamenei in 2017 as a member of the Iranian National Interests Committee, responsible for advising Khamenei and mediating differences between the Supreme Leader and Parliament.
Earlier, several government officials in Iran had been infected with the new crown of pneumonia, including Iranian Vice President Masumei Abtkar, Chairman of the National Security and Foreign Affairs Committee of the Iranian Parliament, Mujataba Zunur, and Deputy Minister of Health Iragi Harwich, former Attorney General Mustafa Pur Mohammedi, former ambassador to the Vatican Hardy Hosroshashi, etc.
On February 27, Mike Ryan, Executive Director of the World Health Organization's Emergency Plan, said that this new coronavirus that has spread rapidly worldwide has entered Iran "silently", so its scope of infection may be larger than the current Known more widely.
The sudden outbreak caught the Iranian government off guard. Iranian Foreign Minister Zarif even posted a request for help on social networking sites, saying that the country urgently needs N95 masks, ventilator, surgical gowns, protective clothing, test kits and so on.
"Unlike Italy, Japan, and South Korea, Iran ’s own capabilities, limited experience, and economic sanctions from the United States have made it the country with the largest number of deaths outside China. There are also signs of spread to other countries, and even China has found that "The cases imported by Iran were reported." Li Shaoxian, Dean of the Arab School of Ningxia University, told a reporter of the 21st Century Business Herald.
Li Shaoxian believes that a number of Iranian government officials infected with new crown pneumonia indicate that Iranian officials did not pay enough attention to the epidemic in the beginning. For example, the Iranian Deputy Minister of Health did not wear a mask at a press conference before the infection was diagnosed, and claimed that the outbreak was "less severe"; the vice president also attended a cabinet meeting convened by the president one day before the diagnosis, and everyone did not wear a mask.
Iranian Health Minister Namaki said on March 1 that from March 2, Iran will send 300,000 medical teams across the country to check the outbreak from door to door. He pointed out that these groups will take the initiative to go to people's homes instead of waiting for patients to come to the clinic. On average, each group will visit about 270 Iranians. All medical teams are equipped with the necessary diagnostic equipment and the diagnosed cases will be sent to Medical institutions receive treatment.
The Iranian military has joined the war. According to reports, the Iranian Army established a "jihad base" to combat the epidemic, and a ceremony was held in Tehran on March 1. Iranian infantry units have begun disinfecting hospitals in Tehran as planned. An officer of the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) in Kurdistan stated that the Revolutionary Guards could provide seven special vehicles to help disinfect local streets.
Most public places are still open
Since the Iranian epidemic was first announced, Iran's confirmed cases have spread from Qom Province to the whole country, with a mortality rate much higher than elsewhere, which has raised doubts about whether the Iranian government has concealed the epidemic. But the Iranian Ministry of Health insisted that the official statistics were accurate and vowed never to hide anything.
On February 26, Dr. Ashleigh R. Tuite, a part-time lecturer in the Department of Epidemiology at the University of Toronto's Dalarana School of Public Health, pointed out to a 21st Century Business Herald reporter that the number of new crown cases in Iran is expected to increase within 1.5 months through model calculation To 23,070 cases, this is an increase from their previous calculation of 18,300.
On February 25th, Tuite's team published a paper entitled "Estimating the Disease Burden of COVID-2019 and the Potential of Infectious Dissemination from Iran to the World" on the preprinted website "medrxiv". Based on 43 confirmed cases and 3 export cases reported from Iran between February 19 and 23, the team concluded by comparing the Infectious Disease Vulnerability Index (IDVI) of the main destinations for Iranian tourists outbound: Iran ’s actual new crown cases The number should far exceed the published number.
Tuite told a 21st Century Business Herald reporter that after taking into account new cases reported by Iran after February 23 and Iranian export cases in Afghanistan, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, and Iraq, they re-estimated their estimates to be higher than the original estimate of 18,300 The cases are even higher.
Although the risk of the outbreak may continue to rise, several Iranians told 21st Century Business Herald that local social order is in order. Hua Jiade, an Iranian apprentice of Chinese comic artist Ding Guangquan, told 21 reporters that his city of Yazd is "everything normal". Some people on the street have put on masks, and basic prices have not changed much.
He Fei, the chief representative of the Iranian National Tourism Administration in China in Tehran, sent a number of videos of himself to 21st Century Business Herald reporters. In the video, the expressway is blocked as usual at rush hours, "not as empty as the Internet says." He said that many Chinese people asked him about Iran's situation, but in fact, Iranians are still living and working in most public places, but the number of customers in the restaurant is significantly smaller.
According to 21 reporters, in recent years, due to the economic downturn in Iran, the United States has imposed increasingly severe sanctions on Iran, and many Chinese companies have reduced their scale in Iran. An employee of a large engineering contractor told 21 reporters that after the outbreak, most employees had withdrawn and would not go to Iran for the time being.
A Chinese university originally planned to send two undergraduates to Iran to study after the school started, but the plan was cancelled after the outbreak in Iran. The head of the Persian department of the school told 21 reporters, "At the end of January, I discussed with the students to wait and see. Later, after the outbreak in Iran, I could not talk to the other university."
According to the "Global Times" report, on the evening of the 3rd, relevant Chinese authorities will organize charter flights to stay in Yihua and return to China. The first charter flight will be given priority to dozens of Chinese students stranded in Qom. . In the next few days, there may be several charter flights to pick up the Chinese stranded in Iran and return to China.
According to WHO statistics, as of February 28, Iran had exported 97 cases to 11 countries. To date, four Iranian imported cases have been detected in China, two in Beijing and one in Ningxia. Three of them attended a class reunion in Iran on February 18; and one reported that he had no acquaintance or contact with the first patient who entered from Iran.
China Helps
Although the Iranian government ’s investment in epidemic prevention has increased, Li Shaoxian pointed out that the “most severe sanctions in history” imposed on Iran by the United States may affect Iran ’s ability to resist epidemics. "Under U.S. sanctions, Iran's economy is extremely difficult, and lack of medicine and medicine may be the main reason for its high mortality rate."
On February 28, Iran ’s Ministry of Health spokesman Jahanpur blamed US economic sanctions on insufficient testing reagents in Iran. He said that since the United States unilaterally withdrew from the Iranian nuclear agreement in 2018 and imposed "the harshest sanctions in history" on Iran, Iran's import and export trade has been hit hard. The Iranian government has repeatedly stated publicly that U.S. sanctions on Iran are "economic terrorism." Some Iranian sources of materials such as medicines for special diseases, advanced medical equipment, etc. are almost impossible to obtain.
Faced with the threat of global spread of the epidemic, the US government recently relaxed sanctions on Iran, allowing Iran to purchase medical supplies and food to fight the new crown epidemic. An exemption permit issued by the U.S. Treasury on February 27 states that Iran can trade humanitarian goods through the Iranian Central Bank. At the same time, the United States has concluded a humanitarian trade agreement with Switzerland to ensure that Switzerland can export humanitarian goods to Iran without US sanctions.
But the US proposal was categorically rejected by Iran. Iran ’s foreign ministry spokesman Moussavi said on February 28: “The argument to help Iran fight the new crown virus is ridiculous and a political psychological game. This country has exerted tremendous pressure on the Iranian people with its economic terrorism and even prevented it As Iran purchases medicines and medical equipment, their cheering for the suffering of their fellow humans is not noble. "
Li Shaoxian believes that the exemption proposed by the United States is moral and of limited practical significance, and Iran has rejected it. "According to the current state of the Iranian country, once the epidemic explodes on a large scale, there may be a catastrophic humanitarian crisis. The international community should act quickly to lend a helping hand. It is urgent."
At a critical juncture, China reached out to Iran. On March 3, Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesman Zhao Lijian said, "The Chinese Red Cross and related companies have provided reagents to Iran and have also dispatched a team of volunteer experts to the Iranian side. We will continue to do a good job of the epidemic situation in our country as the epidemic develops. While preventing and controlling, we will continue to carry out different forms of cooperation with relevant parties and provide support to outside parties within our ability. "
It is understood that at the end of February, a representative of the Chinese embassy in Iran donated 250,000 masks to Iran. The next day, the Chinese embassy in Iran again donated a new crown virus nucleic acid detection kit for 5,000 people. In addition to these two aids, China also said that it will continue to provide assistance based on Iran's needs. In addition, a team of five volunteers from the Chinese Red Cross Society arrived in Tehran on February 29.
China also expressed its willingness to strengthen international health cooperation with WHO. On March 2, a WHO team arrived in Iran to transport supplies and support the Iranian government's response. Earlier on February 27, Chinese Ambassador to Iran, Chang Hua, met with WHO Representative in Iran Hamilman on an appointment date.
During the talks, Hamillman said, "I read the report by Bruce Elward, the foreign leader of the China-WHO Joint New Expert Pneumonia Joint Expert Study Team and senior consultant of the WHO Director-General. It has proved to be a successful method. WHO is willing to promote cooperation with China and Iran in the prevention and control of the Iranian epidemic. "
In order to curb the spread of the epidemic as soon as possible, Iran is still actively learning from China's experience in fighting the epidemic. According to the Iranian embassy in China, the Chinese medical treatment plan has been translated into Persian and released to the public. "We believe that as long as we are united and united, we will be able to defeat the epidemic. Just as no difficulty can defeat the Chinese nation, there will be no difficulty to defeat the Iranian people."
"The only good news over the past few days is that China has sent a team of experts to Iran. I think this is an important opportunity for Iran to survive this calamity. China has begun to help Iran," Hafez told reporters 21.
