But excuse me? Chinese balls are yellow color not black! Can match or not? Must paint the balls darker or not?
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印度反击美国 印媒：中国这次给印度带来“底气”
2019年06月19日 07:36 参考消息
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原标题：反击美国！这次，印度的“底气”在中国？
参考消息网6月19日报道 最近几天，面对美国贸易施压，印度发起了反击。针对美国6月初宣布停止对印度普惠制待遇的做法，印度对20多种美国商品加征关税。反击不止如此，印度《经济时报》报道称，印度政府已经确定了151种可取代美国对华出口的商品，这些商品因中国对美国的反制关税而具有价格优势。
报道称，这些商品包括柴油发动机、X射线管、铜矿石、花岗岩、化学品等。这家印度媒体介绍，鉴于征收关税额度的不同，相对美国产品，上述印度产品在中国更具有价格优势。
有舆论认为，巨大的中国市场正给印度在对美国的本轮较量中带来“底气”。
中国现代国际关系研究院美国所学者孙立鹏对参考消息网称，一方面，中国市场正在不断扩大，存在巨大需求；另一方面，印度农产品本身也具有较强竞争力。在货物贸易领域，例如农产品等，印度可以进一步寻找中国市场，加强与中国合作以缓解美国对其加征关税的压力。可以说，中国与印度贸易将有更广阔的发展空间。
孙立鹏表示，特朗普政府的贸易保护举动从中长期来看将扰乱现有的国际贸易秩序。印度和中国都是国际中重要的发展中国家，中印两国也是重要的贸易伙伴。在此背景下，中国、印度等新兴市场大国有责任、有义务共同维护国际贸易秩序。
外界注意到，在本轮印美较量中，美国实施贸易霸权主义在先，试图借此次加征关税，达到进一步打开印度市场的目的。德新社曾在报道中称，印度和美国有着密切的双边关系，但华盛顿早就指责印度是一个“高关税国家”，限制外国进入其巨大的市场。
印度是发展中国家，且怀有大国心态，面对美国贸易霸权行为，从去年就开始酝酿反制措施。德新社称，新德里称美国取消普惠制待遇的做法是“令人遗憾的”，并表示印度在这种事情上将始终维护自己的国家利益。
英国《金融时报》网站认为，当前，这一贸易争端给不断深化的印美安全关系蒙上阴影。这家西方媒体援引新加坡国立大学南亚研究所所长C·拉贾·莫汉的话说，“如果你是一个悲观主义者，这就是印美之间贸易战的开始”。他说：“如果你是一个乐观主义者，印度的关税报复将会促使德里与华盛顿就贸易问题展开认真的谈判，并可能达成新框架，来改革两国的商业关系并巩固安全关系。”
对于印美贸易较量前景，孙立鹏分析，短期内，印美仍存在谈判的余地，不过，印度对美存在双顺差，即货物贸易顺差及服务贸易顺差，说明在这两个领域尤其是服务贸易领域，印度具有较强竞争力，因此从长期来看，美国与印度的利益碰撞将呈现常态化趋势。
图为印度总理莫迪。新华社
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印度打响对美贸易反击战 刚出炉的印太战略尴尬了
印度打响对美贸易反击战 刚出炉的印太战略尴尬了
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美国国防部今年6月初正式推出印太战略
[环球军事快评 梳理天下大事]美国去年对印度加征钢铝关税，近来又终止对印度的普惠制贸易地位，莫迪政府几番沟通毫无效果之后终于出招：从6月16日起对28种美国商品征收报复性关税，税率最高达120%。
美印长期保持着密切的政治、经济和安全关系，在美国的“印太战略”中，印度被视为关键的合作伙伴，然而，特朗普舞弄的关税大棒早已失去了招式和套路，在极端自私自利的驱使下乱打乱挥，哪管你是盟友还是对手，哪管你在战略上是否重要，哪管你在地缘政治上是否关键，于是，印度这个被西方誉为世界上最大的民主国家，终于未能幸免于难。
莫迪提出了“印度制造”，美国也在努力让制造业回流，美印之间的经济竞争关系，远比外界显示的要多。《印度斯坦时报》6月的一篇社论发出警示，美国可能正在将印度逐出高科技领域。最新报告显示，2019年第一季度印度人对美国科技工作岗位兴趣同比有所下降，2018年，高科技签证的收紧令美国注册研究和专业课程的印度人数量同比下降8.8%。美国对伊朗和委内瑞拉的制裁也影响到了印度的石油供应。
与很多遭受贸易大棒打压的国家类似，印度一开始也表现出尽可能与美国沟通和磋商的善意与诚意，还一再推迟对美加征报复性关税，然而，妥协换来的只是更大力度的打压。美国的蛮横与无道，终于让莫迪政府认清了它的真面目，印度终于醒悟，与其退让，不如抗争。
而且，中国在应对美国霸凌行径的不屈意志和强大底气，印度必然是观摩在眼里、触动在心里。
印度此次报复措施，发生在上合组织比什凯克峰会和杜尚别亚信峰会刚刚结束之后，这两次峰会，对单边贸易保护主义和强权霸凌行径进行了严厉抨击，而莫迪是此次上合组织成员国元首理事会会议新闻公报的八个签字国领导人之一。
《耶路撒冷邮报》6月15日刊文说，参加中亚这这两场峰会的包括逾30个成员和观察员国，这为中俄、土耳其、伊朗等国提供了一个“没有西方国家在场”的讨论地区和全球事务的平台。“如果有谁想知道一个没有美国影响力的世界是什么样子，那就看看上合和亚信峰会吧。”
中俄印
确实如此，单边主义、霸凌行径的全球肆虐，正在推动新兴大国走向高举多边主义的联合。正如普京在本届亚信峰会上所言，在这场没有规则的斗争中，有人用非市场手段恐吓和消除竞争对手，“如今比以往任何时候都需要我们集体努力摆脱这种局面”。
上述两次峰会之前，就有媒体指出，印中领导人在2019这一年当中将至少有上合峰会、G20大阪峰会、印度教圣城瓦拉纳西这三次会面的机会，这在两国关系史上“极为罕见”。印中早已走出2017年洞朗对峙带来的短暂“阴霾”，特别是两国领导人在武汉的第一次非正式会晤，发挥了高层引领的关键作用，为两国关系发展注入了强大推力。实际上，“中印+”合作模式已经起步，两国不仅联合培训了阿富汗外交官，未来的合作可能将拓展至尼泊尔、不丹、马尔代夫、伊朗、缅甸等国，以及南亚区域合作联盟、“环孟加拉湾多领域经济技术合作倡议”、孟-中-印-缅经济走廊等地区合作机制。这些努力无疑为未来中印跨喜马拉雅合作注入了新动力。
实际上，印度自独立以来，一直寻求扮做一个“有声有色的大国”，尼赫鲁时代，印度在不结盟运动中的确扮演了“有声有色”的角色，在美苏争霸的格局下，印度维护了国家的主权和独立，获得了发展所需的经济和技术援助，提高了自身的国际地位。印度与苏/俄的军事安全关系向来紧密，至今印度空军的顶梁机型还是俄系的米格-21、米格-27、米格-29、苏-30以及“米”系列直升机和“安”系列、“伊尔”系列运输机等型号。虽然，冷战后，印度也引进了一些美制装备，但2018年10月印俄签署的价值54.3亿美元的S-400防空系统采购合同，让美国极为焦躁和不满。
对于美国战略界部分人士欲将印度打造成对抗核牵制中国的桥头堡，印度向来保持了应有的冷静，莫迪在去年香格里拉会议的演讲中就明确指出，不要试图将“印太战略”搞成封闭的小集团，而是应该寻求更具包容性的地区秩序架构。
在极为关键的能源问题上，美国由于自身的页岩气革命，不仅自身能源确保无虞，还大量出口，而美国优先下的对伊朗石油出口制裁，已经可以对中印等石油需求大国无所顾忌了。作为世界第二和第三大石油进口国、世界第二大和第四大天然气进口国，中国和印度在全球能源舞台上拥有巨大的购买力，印度财经媒体《明特报》4月28日披露，印度一直希望联合中国等大买家，协调彼此立场，争取在与欧佩克等卖方进行议价时拥有更多主动权；去年4月，印度石油部长普拉丹就曾公开呼吁，印度和中国的石油公司应该“组建联盟”；此后不久印度还有多家媒体爆出，印中将成立“买油国俱乐部”。
不仅是中印，欧盟在天然气能源问题上，与美国的隔阂也越来越深。在“北溪2号”天然气管道方面，德国和俄罗斯等国大力推动，美国极力反对。此外，在北约防务费用和欧洲防务自主方面，欧美矛盾仍在延伸。
与能源交易息息相关的货币问题上，随着美国更加频繁地动用美元霸权来制裁或打压各国，美元这个人人喜爱的“绿宝贝”越发显示出它狰狞和扎手的真面目，美元霸权犹如仅掐在众多国家头顶上的“紧箍咒”，让很多痛感强烈的家纷纷欲弃之而后快。
饱受美国制裁之苦的俄罗斯，与中国的货币互换规模已达万亿元卢。不仅如此，据央视财经6月16日报道，俄罗斯和欧盟的高级代表日前在莫斯科举行了会面，双方均表示有意在经贸领域，尤其是石油贸易中，减少对美元依赖，转为使用卢布或欧元结算。目前，俄罗斯已实现与中印等国在国际贸易中使用本币结算。俄罗斯银行也在持续降低美元资产水平。实际上，中俄印以非美货币进行石油交易不存在太多的技术性障碍，俄罗斯运行的“金融信息传输系统”（SPFS）和中国的人民币跨境支付系统（CIPS）并不依赖美国控制的“SWIFT”国际支付体系。
必须承认，战后以来，美国确实为世界提供了诸多公共产品，冷战后，美国引领的国际合作，在兼顾私利的同时，也往往兼具某种公益性，于是，世界上一些国家在不同程度上接受了美国的一些主张，可现如今，美国单边主义大幅抬头、霸凌主义肆无忌惮，越发变得自私自利，通过多边合作来保障安全和促进共同发展的世界道德高地上，美国已在迅速跌落。世界正在呼唤有能力、有底气、信誉、有胆略的新兴大国，发挥新的引领作用，给全球化继续前行提供新的动力。
放眼全球，一个东方大国正携手更多的国家，向世人款款走来。（文/综合 在下张开 20190618）
关键字 : 莫迪关税美国印度
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India counters the United States: India: China has brought "underside" to India this time.
June 19, 2019 07:36 Reference message
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Original title: Counterattack the United States! This time, India’s “death” is in China?
Reference News Network reported on June 19 In recent days, in the face of US trade pressure, India launched a counterattack. In response to the US announcement of the cessation of GSP treatment in India in early June, India imposed tariffs on more than 20 US goods. Counter-attacks are more than this. India’s Economic Times reported that the Indian government has identified 151 items that can replace US exports to China, which have a price advantage because of China’s countervailing tariffs against the United States.
According to reports, these products include diesel engines, X-ray tubes, copper ore, granite, chemicals and so on. The Indian media said that in view of the difference in tariff lines, the above-mentioned Indian products have a price advantage in China compared to US products.
There is public opinion that the huge Chinese market is giving India a "foundy" in the current round of contests against the United States.
Sun Lipeng, a scholar at the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations, told the Information Network that on the one hand, the Chinese market is expanding and there is huge demand; on the other hand, Indian agricultural products themselves are also highly competitive. In the field of trade in goods, such as agricultural products, India can further look for the Chinese market and strengthen cooperation with China to ease the pressure on the United States to impose tariffs. It can be said that China and India will have more room for development.
Sun Lipeng said that the Trump administration’s trade protection move will disrupt the existing international trade order in the medium and long term. India and China are both important developing countries in the world, and China and India are also important trading partners. In this context, China, India and other emerging market powers have the responsibility and obligation to jointly maintain the international trade order.
The outside world has noticed that in this round of Indian-American contest, the United States implemented trade hegemonism first, and tried to increase tariffs to achieve further opening of the Indian market. DPA reported in the report that India and the United States have close bilateral relations, but Washington has long accused India of being a "high-tariff country" and restricting foreign countries from entering its huge market.
India is a developing country and has a big-minded mentality. In the face of US trade hegemony, it has been preparing counter-measures since last year. The German news agency said that New Delhi said that the United States to cancel the GSP treatment is "unfortunate" and said that India will always safeguard its national interests in such matters.
The Financial Times website believes that this trade dispute currently casts a shadow over the deepening security relations between India and the United States. The Western media quoted C. Raja Mohan, director of the South Asian Institute of the National University of Singapore, as saying, "If you are a pessimist, this is the beginning of a trade war between India and the United States." He said: "If you are an optimist, India's tariff retaliation will prompt Delhi and Washington to engage in serious negotiations on trade issues and may reach a new framework to reform the business relationship between the two countries and consolidate security relations."
For the prospect of trade in India and the United States, Sun Lipeng analyzed that there is still room for negotiation in India and the United States in the short term. However, India has a double surplus with the United States, that is, the trade surplus of goods and the trade surplus of services, indicating that in these two fields, especially in the field of service trade. India is highly competitive, so in the long run, the collision of interests between the United States and India will show a normal trend.
The picture shows Indian Prime Minister Modi. The Xinhua News Agency is the Indian Prime Minister Modi. Xinhua News Agency
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India started a counterattack against the US trade.
India started a counterattack against the US trade.
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The US Department of Defense officially launched the India-Pacific strategy in early June this year. The US Department of Defense officially launched the India-Pacific strategy in early June this year.
[Global military quick review to sort out the world's big events] The United States imposed a tariff on steel and aluminum for India last year, and recently terminated its GSP trade status with India. After several communications by Modi government, there was no effect and finally made a move: from June 16 A retaliatory tariff is imposed on 28 US goods, with a tax rate of up to 120%.
The United States and India have maintained close political, economic and security relations for a long time. In the United States' "Indo-Pacific strategy," India is regarded as a key partner. However, the tariff sticks of Trump have long lost their moves and routines. Driven by extreme selfishness, whether you are an ally or an opponent, which is important in your strategy, which is your geopolitically important, so India is known in the world as the world. The largest democracy has finally failed to survive.
Modi put forward "Made in India", and the United States is also trying to make the manufacturing industry return. The economic competition between the United States and India is far more than that shown by the outside world. An editorial in the Hindustan Times issued a warning in June that the United States may be driving India out of the high-tech sector. According to the latest report, Indians’ interest in US technology jobs declined in the first quarter of 2019. In 2018, the tightening of high-tech visas reduced the number of Indians in US registered research and professional programs by 8.8%. US sanctions against Iran and Venezuela have also affected India's oil supply.
Similar to many countries that have been suppressed by trade bargains, India also showed the goodwill and sincerity of communicating and negotiating with the United States as much as possible. It has repeatedly postponed the re-entry tariffs on the United States and Canada. However, the compromise is only a greater effort. Suppressed. The arrogance and incompetence of the United States finally made the Modi government recognize its true features. India finally realized that it is better to fight against it than to give in.
Moreover, China’s unyielding will and strong enthusiasm in dealing with American bullying behavior must be seen in the eyes and touched in the heart.
India’s retaliatory measures took place after the SCO’s Bishkek summit and the Dushanbeya summit. These two summits severely attacked unilateral trade protectionism and power bullying, while Modi It is one of the leaders of the eight signatories of the press conference of the SCO Heads of State Council.
The Jerusalem Post stated on June 15 that the participation in these two summits in Central Asia included more than 30 members and observer countries, which provided a "no Western country presence" for China, Russia, Turkey and Iran. Discuss platforms for regional and global affairs. "If anyone wants to know what a world without US influence is like, look at the Shanghe and AsiaInfo Summit."
China, Russia, India, China and Russia
Indeed, the global ravages of unilateralism and bullying are pushing the emerging powers to join the multilateralism. As Putin said at this AsiaInfo Summit, in this struggle without rules, some people use non-market means to intimidate and eliminate competitors. "Now more than ever, we need to work collectively to get rid of this situation."
Before the above two summits, some media pointed out that the leaders of India and China will have at least three chances of meeting at the summit, the G20 Osaka summit, and the Hindu holy city of Varanasi in the year of 2019. "Extremely rare." India and China have already stepped out of the short-term "shadow" brought by Dong Lang in 2017, especially the first informal meeting between the leaders of the two countries in Wuhan. They have played a key role in leading the high-level leadership and injected a strong impetus into the development of bilateral relations. . In fact, the "China-India +" cooperation model has already started. The two countries have not only jointly trained Afghan diplomats. The future cooperation may be extended to Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives, Iran, Myanmar and other countries, as well as the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation. Regional cooperation mechanisms such as the Multi-Domestic Economic and Technical Cooperation Initiative in the Bay of Bengal and the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor. These efforts will undoubtedly inject new impetus into the future cooperation between China and India across the Himalayas.
In fact, since independence, India has always sought to be a "big country with sound and color." In the era of Nehru, India did play a "sounding and colorful" role in the Non-Aligned Movement. Under the pattern of the US-Soviet hegemony, India maintained The sovereignty and independence of the country have obtained the economic and technical assistance needed for development and have raised its international status. The military security relationship between India and the Soviet Union/Russia has always been close. The top beam models of the Indian Air Force are still the Russian MiG-21, MiG-27, MiG-29, Su-30 and "Mi" series helicopters and " An "series", "Ill" series transport aircraft and other models. Although, after the Cold War, India also introduced some American-made equipment, but the US$5.43 billion S-400 air defense system procurement contract signed by India and Russia in October 2018 made the United States extremely anxious and dissatisfied.
For some people in the US strategic community who want to turn India into a bridgehead against China's nuclear containment, India has always maintained its due calm. Modi made it clear in his speech at the Shangri-La meeting last year that he should not try to make the "Indian strategy" Closed small groups, but should seek a more inclusive regional order structure.
On the extremely critical energy issue, the United States, due to its own shale gas revolution, not only ensures its own energy, but also exports a large amount of it. The United States’ preferential sanctions on Iran’s oil exports have already made it impossible for China, India and other oil-demanding countries. Scruped. As the world's second and third largest oil importer, the world's second-largest and fourth-largest natural gas importer, China and India have huge purchasing power in the global energy arena, the Indian financial media "Ming Te Bao" disclosed on April 28, India has always hoped to unite with China and other big buyers to coordinate their positions and strive to have more initiative in bargaining with sellers such as OPEC. In April last year, Indian Oil Minister Pradhan publicly appealed to Indian and Chinese oil companies. It should be "formed up with the alliance"; shortly thereafter, there were a number of media outlets in India, and India and China will set up a "buy oil country club."
Not only China and India, the EU is on the issue of natural gas energy, and the gap with the United States is getting deeper and deeper. In the "Beixi No. 2" natural gas pipeline, Germany and Russia have vigorously promoted it, and the United States strongly opposes it. In addition, in the NATO defense costs and European defense autonomy, the contradiction between Europe and the United States is still extending.
On the currency issue that is closely related to energy trading, as the United States uses US dollar hegemony more frequently to sanction or suppress countries, the dollar’s favorite “green baby” is more and more showing its true face, and the dollar hegemony is like being alone. The "tightening curse" on the top of many countries has made many families with strong feelings want to abandon it and then quickly.
Russia, which has suffered from US sanctions, has exchanged currency with China for tens of billions of yuan. Not only that, according to CCTV Finance reported on June 16, senior representatives of Russia and the EU held a meeting in Moscow recently. Both sides expressed their intention to reduce their dependence on the US dollar in the economic and trade field, especially in the oil trade, and switch to the use of rubles or euros. Settlement. At present, Russia has achieved the use of local currency settlement in international trade with countries such as China and India. Russian banks are also continuing to lower dollar asset levels. In fact, Sino-Russian India does not have too many technical obstacles to trade in non-US currencies. The “Financial Information Transmission System” (SPFS) operated by Russia and China’s RMB Cross-Border Payment System (CIPS) are not dependent on US control. "SWIFT" international payment system.
It must be acknowledged that since the end of the war, the United States has indeed provided the world with many public goods. After the Cold War, the international cooperation led by the United States, while taking into account private interests, often has a certain kind of public welfare. Therefore, some countries in the world are at different levels. I have accepted some of the claims of the United States. Nowadays, the unilateralism of the United States has risen sharply, bullying has become unscrupulous, and it has become more selfish. The multilateral morality has ensured security and promoted common development. Dropped quickly. The world is calling for emerging powers with the ability, confidence, credibility and courage to play a new leading role and provide new impetus for globalization to continue.
Looking at the world, a big Eastern country is joining hands with more countries to make money for the world. (Text / General in the next opening 20190618)
Keywords : Modi Customs United States India
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印度反击美国 印媒：中国这次给印度带来“底气”
2019年06月19日 07:36 参考消息
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原标题：反击美国！这次，印度的“底气”在中国？
参考消息网6月19日报道 最近几天，面对美国贸易施压，印度发起了反击。针对美国6月初宣布停止对印度普惠制待遇的做法，印度对20多种美国商品加征关税。反击不止如此，印度《经济时报》报道称，印度政府已经确定了151种可取代美国对华出口的商品，这些商品因中国对美国的反制关税而具有价格优势。
报道称，这些商品包括柴油发动机、X射线管、铜矿石、花岗岩、化学品等。这家印度媒体介绍，鉴于征收关税额度的不同，相对美国产品，上述印度产品在中国更具有价格优势。
有舆论认为，巨大的中国市场正给印度在对美国的本轮较量中带来“底气”。
中国现代国际关系研究院美国所学者孙立鹏对参考消息网称，一方面，中国市场正在不断扩大，存在巨大需求；另一方面，印度农产品本身也具有较强竞争力。在货物贸易领域，例如农产品等，印度可以进一步寻找中国市场，加强与中国合作以缓解美国对其加征关税的压力。可以说，中国与印度贸易将有更广阔的发展空间。
孙立鹏表示，特朗普政府的贸易保护举动从中长期来看将扰乱现有的国际贸易秩序。印度和中国都是国际中重要的发展中国家，中印两国也是重要的贸易伙伴。在此背景下，中国、印度等新兴市场大国有责任、有义务共同维护国际贸易秩序。
外界注意到，在本轮印美较量中，美国实施贸易霸权主义在先，试图借此次加征关税，达到进一步打开印度市场的目的。德新社曾在报道中称，印度和美国有着密切的双边关系，但华盛顿早就指责印度是一个“高关税国家”，限制外国进入其巨大的市场。
印度是发展中国家，且怀有大国心态，面对美国贸易霸权行为，从去年就开始酝酿反制措施。德新社称，新德里称美国取消普惠制待遇的做法是“令人遗憾的”，并表示印度在这种事情上将始终维护自己的国家利益。
英国《金融时报》网站认为，当前，这一贸易争端给不断深化的印美安全关系蒙上阴影。这家西方媒体援引新加坡国立大学南亚研究所所长C·拉贾·莫汉的话说，“如果你是一个悲观主义者，这就是印美之间贸易战的开始”。他说：“如果你是一个乐观主义者，印度的关税报复将会促使德里与华盛顿就贸易问题展开认真的谈判，并可能达成新框架，来改革两国的商业关系并巩固安全关系。”
对于印美贸易较量前景，孙立鹏分析，短期内，印美仍存在谈判的余地，不过，印度对美存在双顺差，即货物贸易顺差及服务贸易顺差，说明在这两个领域尤其是服务贸易领域，印度具有较强竞争力，因此从长期来看，美国与印度的利益碰撞将呈现常态化趋势。
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印度打响对美贸易反击战 刚出炉的印太战略尴尬了
印度打响对美贸易反击战 刚出炉的印太战略尴尬了
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[环球军事快评 梳理天下大事]美国去年对印度加征钢铝关税，近来又终止对印度的普惠制贸易地位，莫迪政府几番沟通毫无效果之后终于出招：从6月16日起对28种美国商品征收报复性关税，税率最高达120%。
美印长期保持着密切的政治、经济和安全关系，在美国的“印太战略”中，印度被视为关键的合作伙伴，然而，特朗普舞弄的关税大棒早已失去了招式和套路，在极端自私自利的驱使下乱打乱挥，哪管你是盟友还是对手，哪管你在战略上是否重要，哪管你在地缘政治上是否关键，于是，印度这个被西方誉为世界上最大的民主国家，终于未能幸免于难。
莫迪提出了“印度制造”，美国也在努力让制造业回流，美印之间的经济竞争关系，远比外界显示的要多。《印度斯坦时报》6月的一篇社论发出警示，美国可能正在将印度逐出高科技领域。最新报告显示，2019年第一季度印度人对美国科技工作岗位兴趣同比有所下降，2018年，高科技签证的收紧令美国注册研究和专业课程的印度人数量同比下降8.8%。美国对伊朗和委内瑞拉的制裁也影响到了印度的石油供应。
与很多遭受贸易大棒打压的国家类似，印度一开始也表现出尽可能与美国沟通和磋商的善意与诚意，还一再推迟对美加征报复性关税，然而，妥协换来的只是更大力度的打压。美国的蛮横与无道，终于让莫迪政府认清了它的真面目，印度终于醒悟，与其退让，不如抗争。
而且，中国在应对美国霸凌行径的不屈意志和强大底气，印度必然是观摩在眼里、触动在心里。
印度此次报复措施，发生在上合组织比什凯克峰会和杜尚别亚信峰会刚刚结束之后，这两次峰会，对单边贸易保护主义和强权霸凌行径进行了严厉抨击，而莫迪是此次上合组织成员国元首理事会会议新闻公报的八个签字国领导人之一。
《耶路撒冷邮报》6月15日刊文说，参加中亚这这两场峰会的包括逾30个成员和观察员国，这为中俄、土耳其、伊朗等国提供了一个“没有西方国家在场”的讨论地区和全球事务的平台。“如果有谁想知道一个没有美国影响力的世界是什么样子，那就看看上合和亚信峰会吧。”
确实如此，单边主义、霸凌行径的全球肆虐，正在推动新兴大国走向高举多边主义的联合。正如普京在本届亚信峰会上所言，在这场没有规则的斗争中，有人用非市场手段恐吓和消除竞争对手，“如今比以往任何时候都需要我们集体努力摆脱这种局面”。
上述两次峰会之前，就有媒体指出，印中领导人在2019这一年当中将至少有上合峰会、G20大阪峰会、印度教圣城瓦拉纳西这三次会面的机会，这在两国关系史上“极为罕见”。印中早已走出2017年洞朗对峙带来的短暂“阴霾”，特别是两国领导人在武汉的第一次非正式会晤，发挥了高层引领的关键作用，为两国关系发展注入了强大推力。实际上，“中印+”合作模式已经起步，两国不仅联合培训了阿富汗外交官，未来的合作可能将拓展至尼泊尔、不丹、马尔代夫、伊朗、缅甸等国，以及南亚区域合作联盟、“环孟加拉湾多领域经济技术合作倡议”、孟-中-印-缅经济走廊等地区合作机制。这些努力无疑为未来中印跨喜马拉雅合作注入了新动力。
实际上，印度自独立以来，一直寻求扮做一个“有声有色的大国”，尼赫鲁时代，印度在不结盟运动中的确扮演了“有声有色”的角色，在美苏争霸的格局下，印度维护了国家的主权和独立，获得了发展所需的经济和技术援助，提高了自身的国际地位。印度与苏/俄的军事安全关系向来紧密，至今印度空军的顶梁机型还是俄系的米格-21、米格-27、米格-29、苏-30以及“米”系列直升机和“安”系列、“伊尔”系列运输机等型号。虽然，冷战后，印度也引进了一些美制装备，但2018年10月印俄签署的价值54.3亿美元的S-400防空系统采购合同，让美国极为焦躁和不满。
对于美国战略界部分人士欲将印度打造成对抗核牵制中国的桥头堡，印度向来保持了应有的冷静，莫迪在去年香格里拉会议的演讲中就明确指出，不要试图将“印太战略”搞成封闭的小集团，而是应该寻求更具包容性的地区秩序架构。
在极为关键的能源问题上，美国由于自身的页岩气革命，不仅自身能源确保无虞，还大量出口，而美国优先下的对伊朗石油出口制裁，已经可以对中印等石油需求大国无所顾忌了。作为世界第二和第三大石油进口国、世界第二大和第四大天然气进口国，中国和印度在全球能源舞台上拥有巨大的购买力，印度财经媒体《明特报》4月28日披露，印度一直希望联合中国等大买家，协调彼此立场，争取在与欧佩克等卖方进行议价时拥有更多主动权；去年4月，印度石油部长普拉丹就曾公开呼吁，印度和中国的石油公司应该“组建联盟”；此后不久印度还有多家媒体爆出，印中将成立“买油国俱乐部”。
不仅是中印，欧盟在天然气能源问题上，与美国的隔阂也越来越深。在“北溪2号”天然气管道方面，德国和俄罗斯等国大力推动，美国极力反对。此外，在北约防务费用和欧洲防务自主方面，欧美矛盾仍在延伸。
与能源交易息息相关的货币问题上，随着美国更加频繁地动用美元霸权来制裁或打压各国，美元这个人人喜爱的“绿宝贝”越发显示出它狰狞和扎手的真面目，美元霸权犹如仅掐在众多国家头顶上的“紧箍咒”，让很多痛感强烈的家纷纷欲弃之而后快。
饱受美国制裁之苦的俄罗斯，与中国的货币互换规模已达万亿元卢。不仅如此，据央视财经6月16日报道，俄罗斯和欧盟的高级代表日前在莫斯科举行了会面，双方均表示有意在经贸领域，尤其是石油贸易中，减少对美元依赖，转为使用卢布或欧元结算。目前，俄罗斯已实现与中印等国在国际贸易中使用本币结算。俄罗斯银行也在持续降低美元资产水平。实际上，中俄印以非美货币进行石油交易不存在太多的技术性障碍，俄罗斯运行的“金融信息传输系统”（SPFS）和中国的人民币跨境支付系统（CIPS）并不依赖美国控制的“SWIFT”国际支付体系。
必须承认，战后以来，美国确实为世界提供了诸多公共产品，冷战后，美国引领的国际合作，在兼顾私利的同时，也往往兼具某种公益性，于是，世界上一些国家在不同程度上接受了美国的一些主张，可现如今，美国单边主义大幅抬头、霸凌主义肆无忌惮，越发变得自私自利，通过多边合作来保障安全和促进共同发展的世界道德高地上，美国已在迅速跌落。世界正在呼唤有能力、有底气、信誉、有胆略的新兴大国，发挥新的引领作用，给全球化继续前行提供新的动力。
放眼全球，一个东方大国正携手更多的国家，向世人款款走来。（文/综合 在下张开 20190618）
关键字 : 莫迪关税美国印度
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India counters the United States: India: China has brought "underside" to India this time.
June 19, 2019 07:36 Reference message
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Original title: Counterattack the United States! This time, India’s “death” is in China?
Reference News Network reported on June 19 In recent days, in the face of US trade pressure, India launched a counterattack. In response to the US announcement of the cessation of GSP treatment in India in early June, India imposed tariffs on more than 20 US goods. Counter-attacks are more than this. India’s Economic Times reported that the Indian government has identified 151 items that can replace US exports to China, which have a price advantage because of China’s countervailing tariffs against the United States.
According to reports, these products include diesel engines, X-ray tubes, copper ore, granite, chemicals and so on. The Indian media said that in view of the difference in tariff lines, the above-mentioned Indian products have a price advantage in China compared to US products.
There is public opinion that the huge Chinese market is giving India a "foundy" in the current round of contests against the United States.
Sun Lipeng, a scholar at the China Institute of Contemporary International Relations, told the Information Network that on the one hand, the Chinese market is expanding and there is huge demand; on the other hand, Indian agricultural products themselves are also highly competitive. In the field of trade in goods, such as agricultural products, India can further look for the Chinese market and strengthen cooperation with China to ease the pressure on the United States to impose tariffs. It can be said that China and India will have more room for development.
Sun Lipeng said that the Trump administration’s trade protection move will disrupt the existing international trade order in the medium and long term. India and China are both important developing countries in the world, and China and India are also important trading partners. In this context, China, India and other emerging market powers have the responsibility and obligation to jointly maintain the international trade order.
The outside world has noticed that in this round of Indian-American contest, the United States implemented trade hegemonism first, and tried to increase tariffs to achieve further opening of the Indian market. DPA reported in the report that India and the United States have close bilateral relations, but Washington has long accused India of being a "high-tariff country" and restricting foreign countries from entering its huge market.
India is a developing country and has a big-minded mentality. In the face of US trade hegemony, it has been preparing counter-measures since last year. The German news agency said that New Delhi said that the United States to cancel the GSP treatment is "unfortunate" and said that India will always safeguard its national interests in such matters.
The Financial Times website believes that this trade dispute currently casts a shadow over the deepening security relations between India and the United States. The Western media quoted C. Raja Mohan, director of the South Asian Institute of the National University of Singapore, as saying, "If you are a pessimist, this is the beginning of a trade war between India and the United States." He said: "If you are an optimist, India's tariff retaliation will prompt Delhi and Washington to engage in serious negotiations on trade issues and may reach a new framework to reform the business relationship between the two countries and consolidate security relations."
For the prospect of trade in India and the United States, Sun Lipeng analyzed that there is still room for negotiation in India and the United States in the short term. However, India has a double surplus with the United States, that is, the trade surplus of goods and the trade surplus of services, indicating that in these two fields, especially in the field of service trade. India is highly competitive, so in the long run, the collision of interests between the United States and India will show a normal trend.
The picture shows Indian Prime Minister Modi. The Xinhua News Agency is the Indian Prime Minister Modi. Xinhua News Agency
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India started a counterattack against the US trade.
India started a counterattack against the US trade.
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The US Department of Defense officially launched the India-Pacific strategy in early June this year. The US Department of Defense officially launched the India-Pacific strategy in early June this year.
[Global military quick review to sort out the world's big events] The United States imposed a tariff on steel and aluminum for India last year, and recently terminated its GSP trade status with India. After several communications by Modi government, there was no effect and finally made a move: from June 16 A retaliatory tariff is imposed on 28 US goods, with a tax rate of up to 120%.
The United States and India have maintained close political, economic and security relations for a long time. In the United States' "Indo-Pacific strategy," India is regarded as a key partner. However, the tariff sticks of Trump have long lost their moves and routines. Driven by extreme selfishness, whether you are an ally or an opponent, which is important in your strategy, which is your geopolitically important, so India is known in the world as the world. The largest democracy has finally failed to survive.
Modi put forward "Made in India", and the United States is also trying to make the manufacturing industry return. The economic competition between the United States and India is far more than that shown by the outside world. An editorial in the Hindustan Times issued a warning in June that the United States may be driving India out of the high-tech sector. According to the latest report, Indians’ interest in US technology jobs declined in the first quarter of 2019. In 2018, the tightening of high-tech visas reduced the number of Indians in US registered research and professional programs by 8.8%. US sanctions against Iran and Venezuela have also affected India's oil supply.
Similar to many countries that have been suppressed by trade bargains, India also showed the goodwill and sincerity of communicating and negotiating with the United States as much as possible. It has repeatedly postponed the re-entry tariffs on the United States and Canada. However, the compromise is only a greater effort. Suppressed. The arrogance and incompetence of the United States finally made the Modi government recognize its true features. India finally realized that it is better to fight against it than to give in.
Moreover, China’s unyielding will and strong enthusiasm in dealing with American bullying behavior must be seen in the eyes and touched in the heart.
India’s retaliatory measures took place after the SCO’s Bishkek summit and the Dushanbeya summit. These two summits severely attacked unilateral trade protectionism and power bullying, while Modi It is one of the leaders of the eight signatories of the press conference of the SCO Heads of State Council.
The Jerusalem Post stated on June 15 that the participation in these two summits in Central Asia included more than 30 members and observer countries, which provided a "no Western country presence" for China, Russia, Turkey and Iran. Discuss platforms for regional and global affairs. "If anyone wants to know what a world without US influence is like, look at the Shanghe and AsiaInfo Summit."
China, Russia, India, China and Russia
Indeed, the global ravages of unilateralism and bullying are pushing the emerging powers to join the multilateralism. As Putin said at this AsiaInfo Summit, in this struggle without rules, some people use non-market means to intimidate and eliminate competitors. "Now more than ever, we need to work collectively to get rid of this situation."
Before the above two summits, some media pointed out that the leaders of India and China will have at least three chances of meeting at the summit, the G20 Osaka summit, and the Hindu holy city of Varanasi in the year of 2019. "Extremely rare." India and China have already stepped out of the short-term "shadow" brought by Dong Lang in 2017, especially the first informal meeting between the leaders of the two countries in Wuhan. They have played a key role in leading the high-level leadership and injected a strong impetus into the development of bilateral relations. . In fact, the "China-India +" cooperation model has already started. The two countries have not only jointly trained Afghan diplomats. The future cooperation may be extended to Nepal, Bhutan, Maldives, Iran, Myanmar and other countries, as well as the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation. Regional cooperation mechanisms such as the Multi-Domestic Economic and Technical Cooperation Initiative in the Bay of Bengal and the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor. These efforts will undoubtedly inject new impetus into the future cooperation between China and India across the Himalayas.
In fact, since independence, India has always sought to be a "big country with sound and color." In the era of Nehru, India did play a "sounding and colorful" role in the Non-Aligned Movement. Under the pattern of the US-Soviet hegemony, India maintained The sovereignty and independence of the country have obtained the economic and technical assistance needed for development and have raised its international status. The military security relationship between India and the Soviet Union/Russia has always been close. The top beam models of the Indian Air Force are still the Russian MiG-21, MiG-27, MiG-29, Su-30 and "Mi" series helicopters and " An "series", "Ill" series transport aircraft and other models. Although, after the Cold War, India also introduced some American-made equipment, but the US$5.43 billion S-400 air defense system procurement contract signed by India and Russia in October 2018 made the United States extremely anxious and dissatisfied.
For some people in the US strategic community who want to turn India into a bridgehead against China's nuclear containment, India has always maintained its due calm. Modi made it clear in his speech at the Shangri-La meeting last year that he should not try to make the "Indian strategy" Closed small groups, but should seek a more inclusive regional order structure.
On the extremely critical energy issue, the United States, due to its own shale gas revolution, not only ensures its own energy, but also exports a large amount of it. The United States’ preferential sanctions on Iran’s oil exports have already made it impossible for China, India and other oil-demanding countries. Scruped. As the world's second and third largest oil importer, the world's second-largest and fourth-largest natural gas importer, China and India have huge purchasing power in the global energy arena, the Indian financial media "Ming Te Bao" disclosed on April 28, India has always hoped to unite with China and other big buyers to coordinate their positions and strive to have more initiative in bargaining with sellers such as OPEC. In April last year, Indian Oil Minister Pradhan publicly appealed to Indian and Chinese oil companies. It should be "formed up with the alliance"; shortly thereafter, there were a number of media outlets in India, and India and China will set up a "buy oil country club."
Not only China and India, the EU is on the issue of natural gas energy, and the gap with the United States is getting deeper and deeper. In the "Beixi No. 2" natural gas pipeline, Germany and Russia have vigorously promoted it, and the United States strongly opposes it. In addition, in the NATO defense costs and European defense autonomy, the contradiction between Europe and the United States is still extending.
On the currency issue that is closely related to energy trading, as the United States uses US dollar hegemony more frequently to sanction or suppress countries, the dollar’s favorite “green baby” is more and more showing its true face, and the dollar hegemony is like being alone. The "tightening curse" on the top of many countries has made many families with strong feelings want to abandon it and then quickly.
Russia, which has suffered from US sanctions, has exchanged currency with China for tens of billions of yuan. Not only that, according to CCTV Finance reported on June 16, senior representatives of Russia and the EU held a meeting in Moscow recently. Both sides expressed their intention to reduce their dependence on the US dollar in the economic and trade field, especially in the oil trade, and switch to the use of rubles or euros. Settlement. At present, Russia has achieved the use of local currency settlement in international trade with countries such as China and India. Russian banks are also continuing to lower dollar asset levels. In fact, Sino-Russian India does not have too many technical obstacles to trade in non-US currencies. The “Financial Information Transmission System” (SPFS) operated by Russia and China’s RMB Cross-Border Payment System (CIPS) are not dependent on US control. "SWIFT" international payment system.
It must be acknowledged that since the end of the war, the United States has indeed provided the world with many public goods. After the Cold War, the international cooperation led by the United States, while taking into account private interests, often has a certain kind of public welfare. Therefore, some countries in the world are at different levels. I have accepted some of the claims of the United States. Nowadays, the unilateralism of the United States has risen sharply, bullying has become unscrupulous, and it has become more selfish. The multilateral morality has ensured security and promoted common development. Dropped quickly. The world is calling for emerging powers with the ability, confidence, credibility and courage to play a new leading role and provide new impetus for globalization to continue.
Looking at the world, a big Eastern country is joining hands with more countries to make money for the world. (Text / General in the next opening 20190618)
Keywords : Modi Customs United States India
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