2nd, stronger Iceland volcano 'to erupt' Katla volcano

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2nd, stronger Iceland volcano 'to erupt' Katla volcano
Thu, 27 May 2010 18:06:08 GMT
< --- http://www.presstv.ir/detail.aspx?id=128019&sectionid=351020606


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A warning sign at the base of Myrdalsjokull glacier,
which is part of the ice cap sealing the Katla volcano.
Katla is 10 times more powerful than neighbor Eyjafjallajokull.


A warning sign at the base of Myrdalsjokull glacier,
which is part of the ice cap sealing the Katla volcano.
Katla is 10 times more powerful than neighbor Eyjafjallajokull.
Scientists have warned a second much larger volcano in
Iceland is showing signs of eruption, with the government
expressing readiness to face a possible crisis.

After the successive eruptions of Eyjafjallajokull which
caused air traffic mayhem in Europe and brought thousands
of flights to a halt earlier in the year, Katla volcano is
also threatening to blow.

Experts say there has been a 200 percent increase in
its volcanic activity in recent days, MSNBC reported.

"An eruption in the short term is a strong possibility,"
the University College London (UCL) institute for risk
and disaster reduction outlined in a report.

Seismic readings indicated a substantial increase
in tremors in the areas surrounding the volcano, the report said.

On May 21 alone, four earthquakes near Katla were detected
in 12 hours; a record since the eruption of
Eyjafjallajokull volcano in March.

The previous volcanic eruption in Iceland caught
the entire aviation system off guard.

Some airlines, such as Ryanair, have demanded
compensation for closure of airspace claiming
European governments were "hopelessly unprepared,"
the Independent reported.

"The response to the ash cloud's arrival in the UK
and adjacent airspace was entirely reactive and
therefore less effective than it should have been," the UCL report said.

This time round, Icelandic President Olafur Grimsson is
warning European governments that a potential eruption is near.

"We have prepared ... it is high time for
European governments and airline authorities all over Europe
and the world to start planning for the eventual Katla eruption," he said.


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RBK/MD
 
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Katla Volcano: Threat Of New, Larger Icelandic Eruption Looms
CARLO PIOVANO | 04/20/10 01:44 PM | AP

REYKJAVIK, Iceland — For all the worldwide chaos that Iceland's volcano has already created, it may just be the opening act.

Scientists fear tremors at the Eyjafjallajokull (ay-yah-FYAH-lah-yer-kuhl) volcano could trigger an even more dangerous eruption at the nearby Katla volcano – creating a worst-case scenario for the airline industry and travelers around the globe.

A Katla eruption would be 10 times stronger and shoot higher and larger plumes of ash into the air than its smaller neighbor, which has already brought European air travel to a standstill for five days and promises severe travel delays for days more.

The two volcanos are side by side in southern Iceland, about 12 miles (20 kilometers) apart and thought to be connected by a network of magma channels.

Katla, however, is buried under ice 550 yards (500 meters) thick – the massive Myrdalsjokull glacier, one of Iceland's largest. That means it has more than twice the amount of ice that the current eruption has burned through – threatening a new and possibly longer aviation standstill across Europe.

Katla showed no signs of activity Tuesday, according to scientists who monitor it with seismic sensors, but they were still wary.

Pall Einarsson, professor of geophysics at the Institute of Earth Sciences at the University of Iceland, said one volcanic eruption sometimes causes a nearby volcano to explode, and Katla and Eyjafjallajokull have been active in tandem in the past.

In fact, the last three times that Eyjafjallajokull erupted, Katla did as well.

Katla also typically awakens every 80 years or so, and having last exploded in 1918 is now
 
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Mýrdalsjökull - earthquakes during the last 48 hours (Preliminary results)

Earthquake location 01 Jun 23:45 GMT

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As of the 24th of May, the Institute of Earth Sciences and the Icelandic Met Office (IMO) reported that in the past 48 hours 3 earthquakes occurred at Katla volcano, Iceland. The earthquakes may be due to ice movements within Mýrdalsjökull glacier or magma movement under the volcano. Scientists have been keeping a close watch on Katla volcano, due to the possibility of an eruption triggered by the activity at nearby Eyjafjallajokull. An eruption of Katla volcano has the potential to be more devastating than the current eruption of Eyjafjallajokull.

Based on: IMO seismic monitoring; IES-IMO GPS monitoring; IMO hydrological data; IMO weather radar measurements, web cameras, ATDnet – UK Met. Offices lightning detection system, NOAA satellite images and web-based ash reports from the public.
Eruption plume: Height (a.s.l.): According to a reconnaissance flight, the plume is estimated at 4 km/14,000ft. A light easterly wind blows the plume to the west. Heading: West. Colour: Light grey and grey, with a small amount of ash to the west, according to the reconnaissance flight. Tephra fallout: No reports of ashfall today. Lightning: No lightning strikes have been detected since 1300 hrs, two days ago. Noises: No reports.

Meltwater: Small discharge from Gígjökull. Conditions at eruption site: The eruption rate is similar as yesterday. Still some explosive activity seen from the reconnaissance flight. Crater or lava flow not visible due to overcast cloud layer over the volcano. Seismic tremor: Volcanic tremor levels similar to yesterday. Earthquakes: About twenty earthquakes have been recorded since midnight, the majority at shallow depths. GPS deformation: Horizontal displacements toward the centre of Eyjafjallajökull volcano and subsidence.

Overall assessment: The eruption is ongoing similar as yesterday. There are occasional explosions in the crater.

Eyjafjallajökull is located immediately west of Katla volcano. Eyjafjallajökull consists of an E-W-trending, elongated ice-covered basaltic-andesite stratovolcano with a 2.5-km-wide summit caldera. Fissure-fed lava flows occur on both the eastern and western flanks of the volcano, but are more prominent on the western side. Although the 1666-m-high volcano has erupted during historical time, it has been less active than other volcanoes of Iceland's eastern volcanic zone, and relatively few Holocene lava flows are known. The sole historical eruption of Eyjafjallajökull, during December 1821 to January 1823, produced intermediate-to-silicic tephra from the central caldera.

The Current Colour Code for Eyjafjallajökull is ORANGE .
 
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